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"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kekuatan rekat geser resin komposit serat sebagai substuktur dengan resin komposit partikulat berbeda komposisi. Resin komposit partikulat G-aenial posterior Kelompok A, 10 spesimen dan Tetric N-ceram Kelompok B,10 spesimen digunakan sebagai lapisan atas resin komposit serat EverX Posterior. Uji kuat rekat geser dilakukan menggunakan UTM dengan beban 100 kgf dan crosshead-speed 0.5 mm/menit. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik independent sample t test. Hasil penelitian menunjukan nilai rerata kuat rekat geser yakni 18,64 1.5 MPa A dan 22,05 1,8 MPa B . Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kuat rekat geser yang bermakna pada kedua kelompok.

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The aim of this study was to identify shear bond strength fiber reinforced composite as a substructure with different composition of particulate filled composite. Particulate filled composite G aenial posterior Groups A, 10 specimen and Tetric N ceram Groups B, 10 specimen used as an upper layer of FRC EverX Posterior. Shear bond strength test was performed using UTM with a load of 100 kgf and crosshead speed of 0.5 mm min. Data were analyzed using statistical test independent sample t test. The result of this study showed the mean shear bond strength values are 18,64 1.5 MPa A and 22,05 1,8 MPa B . It was concluded that there is a significance difference of shear bond strength between two groups."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perendaman minuman yoghurt terhadap kekerasan permukaan resin komposit Tetric® N-Ceram bulk-fill. Enam puluh spesimen resin komposit bulk-fill dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu perendaman dengan akuades sebagai kontrol dan minuman yoghurt pH 4,01±0,1 (n=30). Masing-masing kelompok dilakukan perendaman selama 1 hari, 3 hari dan 7 hari (n=10). Nilai kekerasan permukaan resin komposit diukur menggunakan Knoop Hardness Tester. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik Kruskal-Wallis. Setelah dilakukan perendaman, diperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) pada setiap kelompok perendaman. Disimpulkan bahwa penurunan kekerasan lebih besar terjadi pada spesimen yang direndam dengan minuman yoghurt dibandingkan akuades serta kekerasan permukaan resin komposit Tetric® N-Ceram bulk-fill semakin menurun seiiring dengan bertambahnya waktu perendaman baik dalam perendaman akuades maupun minuman yoghurt.

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This study aims to analyze the effect of yoghurt drink immersion on the surface hardness of Tetric® N-Ceram bulk-fill composite resin. Sixty bulk-fill composite resin specimens were divided into 2 immersion groups with distilled water as control and yogurt drinks pH 4,01 ± 0,1 (n = 30). Each group was immersed for 1 day, 3 days and 7 days (n = 10). The value of the composite resin surface hardness was measured using Knoop Hardness Tester. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis statistical test. After immersion, the results showed that there were significant differences (p <0,05) in entire group. It was concluded that the decrease in surface hardness was greater in the specimens immersed in yogurt drinks than distilled water and the surface hardness of the resin decreased with increasing immersion time in distilled water and yogurt drinks."

"ABSTRAKDalam penggunaannya di rongga mulut, resin komposit dapat mengalami degradasi oleh asam, terutama pada pasien dengan resiko karies tinggi. Resin komposit alkasit merupakan material dual-cured yang berbasis UDMA dan mampu melepaskan ion fluor, kalsium, dan hidroksida. Adanya ion hidroksida yang dilepaskan diketahui dapat menetralkan suasana asam. Namun, belum diketahui bagaimana pengaruh pH saliva buatan terutama pH kristis hidroksiapatit dan fluoroapatit terhadap sifat kekerasan resin komposit alkasit. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh pH saliva buatan terhadap kekerasan resin komposit alkasit polimerisasi kimia dan cahaya. Penelitian berupa eksperimental laboratorik dengan menggunakan masing-masing 48 spesimen resin komposit alkasit (Cention-N, Ivoclar-Vivadent, Liechstenstein) polimerisasi kimia dan cahaya. Spesimen berbentuk silindris dengan diameter 6 mm dan tinggi 2 mm yang dibagi menjadi 16 kelompok perendaman. Perendaman dilakukan pada pH saliva buatan 4,5 dan 5,5 dengan lama perendaman 1, 3, 5, dan 7 hari di dalam inkubator dengan suhu 37°C. Uji kekerasan menggunakan Knoop Microhardness Tester (HMV-G Shimadzu). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan kekerasan pada resin komposit alkasit polimerisasi kimia dan cahaya setelah dilakukan perendaman selama 1, 3, 5, dan 7 hari dalam saliva buatan dengan pH 4,5 dan 5,5. Nilai kekerasan tertinggi terlihat pada resin komposit alkasit polimerisasi cahaya setelah perendaman 1 hari pada pH saliva buatan 5,5 yaitu 58,41±0,23 KHN. Sedangkan nilai kekerasan terendah terlihat pada resin komposit alkasit polimerisasi kimia setelah perendaman 7 hari pada pH saliva buatan 4,5 yaitu 47,38±0,49 KHN. Berdasarkan uji statistik One-way Anova terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) antar kelompok lama perendaman pada pH saliva buatan 4,5 dan 5,5. Hasil uji statistik Independent T-test menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) antar kelompok pH saliva buatan dan antar kelompok metode polimerisasi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat penurunan nilai kekerasan resin komposit alkasit seiring dengan semakin rendahnya pH saliva buatan dan semakin lamanya perendaman dengan penurunan terbesar pada perendaman 1 hari pertama.

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ABSTRACT

In its application in the oral cavity, composite resins can be degraded by acids, especially in patients with a high caries risk. Alkasite composite resin is a dual-cured material based on UDMA and capable of releasing fluoride, calcium, and hydroxide ions. The presence of hydroxide ion which released to its environtment can neutralize the acidic condition. However, it has not yet determined how saliva pH, especially the critical saliva pH for hydroxyapatite and fluoroapatite, affects the hardness properties of alkasite composite resins. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of artificial saliva pH on the hardness of self-cured and dual-cured alkasite composite resin. This laboratory study used 48 cylindrical-shaped specimens with 6 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness of alkasite composite resin specimens (Cention-N, Ivoclar-Vivadent, Liechstenstein) for each polymerization methods. The specimens were divided into 16 groups for immersion in artificial saliva pH 4.5 and 5.5 and then stored in an incubator at 37°C for the next 1, 3, 5, 7 days. The hardness test was performed using a Knoop Microhardness Tester (HMV-G Shimadzu). The results showed that the hardness of self-cured and dual-cured alkasite composite resins decreased after immersion. The highest hardness value was seen in dual-cured alkasite composite resin after 1 day immersion in artificial saliva pH of 5.5 (58.41 ± 0.23 KHN). While the lowest hardness value was seen in the self-cured alkasite composite resin after 7 days immersion in artificial saliva pH 4.5 (47.38 ± 0.49 KHN). Based on the One-way Anova statistical test, there were significant differences (p <0.05) between the different immersion time groups in each artificial saliva pH. The results of the Independent T-test statistical test showed that there were significant differences (p <0.05) between the artificial saliva pH groups and between polymerization methods groups. It was concluded that there was a decrease in the hardness of alkasite composite resin along with the lower pH of artificial saliva and the increasing immersion time. The greatest decrease occured in the first day of immersion."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ketebalan resin terhadap depth of cure resin komposit serat sebagai substruktur. Lima belas spesimen dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok ketebalan berbeda: 3, 4, dan 5 mm n=5 . Masing-masing spesimen disinari dengan iradiansi 800 mW/cm selama 20 detik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan depth of cure kelompok 1 adalah 81 , kelompok 2 adalah 78 dan kelompok 3 adalah 34. Nilai tersebut berbeda bermakna secara statistik melalui uji One-way ANOVA dan Post-hoc. Games-Howell. Disimpulkan bahwa ketebalan mempengaruhi depth of cure resin komposit serat sebagai substruktur.

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The aim of this study is to know the effect of resin thickness on the depth of cure of fiber reinforced resin composite as substructure. Fifteen specimens are divided into 3 different thickness groups 3, 4, and 5 mm n 5 . Each specimen was cured with irradiation of 800 mW cm for 20 seconds. The result showed the depth of cure of group 1 was 81 , group 2 78 and group 3 34. The result was significantly different using One way ANOVA and Games Howell Post hoc test. It was concluded that resin thickness has effect on the depth of cure of fiber reinforced resin composit as substructure."

" ABSTRAK Pasta gigi latar belakang yang mengandung bahan abrasif dan kekakuan bulu sikat gigi dapat mempengaruhi permukaan restorasi. Tujuan Untuk mengidentifikasi efek kekakuan sikat gigi terhadap kekasaran permukaan nanohybrid. Metode Enam belas spesimen nanohybrid dikelompokkan menjadi dua kelompok Kelompok pertama disikat menggunakan sikat gigi berbulu lembut, kelompok kedua disikat menggunakan sikat gigi dengan bulu sedang. Menyikat media yang digunakan seperti aquabides pada kedua kelompok. Menyikat dilakukan 3 kali selama lima menit. Kekasaran permukaan diukur menggunakan tester kekasaran permukaan. Hasil Hasil diuji dengan ANOVA satu arah dan uji T independen, setelah menyikat gigi kelompok sikat gigi lunak 15 menit menunjukkan nilai kekasaran permukaan nanohybrid berbeda nyata.

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ABSTRAKBackground Toothpaste containing abrasive agent and stiffness of toothbrush bristles can affect surface of the restoration. Objective To identify the effect of the stiffness of toothbrush to nanohybrid surface roughness. Methods Sixteen nanohybrid speciments are grouped into two groups The first group was brushed using soft bristle toothbrush, the second group was brushed using medium bristles toothbrush . Brushing used media such as aquabides in both groups. Brushing were done 3 times for five minutes. Surface roughness was measured using a surface roughness tester. Results The results tested with one way ANOVA and independent T Test, after brushing 15 minutes soft bristle toothbrush group shows the value of nanohybrid surface roughness significantly different P "

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pasta gigi yang mengandung charcoal terhadap kekasaran permukaan resin komposit nanohibrida. 24 spesimen resin komposit nanohibrida dikelompokkan menjadi 3 kelompok (n=8), masing-masing kelompok disikat dengan medium akuades, pasta gigi Formula Strong®, dan pasta gigi Formula Charcoal®. Penyikatan dilakukan sebanyak 5.000putaran kemudian dilanjutkan mencapai 10.000putaran. Ra diukur dengan Surface Roughness Tester. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa menggunakan Uji Repeated ANOVA dan One Way ANOVA. Ra setelah penyikatan dengan medium pasta gigi Formula Strong® dan Formula Charcoal® tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna. Dapat disimpulkan, tidak ada pengaruh kandungan charcoal terhadap peningkatan Ra resin komposit nanohibrida.

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This study verified the influence of toothpaste contains charcoal on the surface roughness of nanohybrid composite resin. Twenty-four specimens of nanohybrid composite resin are divided into three group (n=8) brushed with distilled water, Formula Strong®, and Formula Charcoal® toothpaste. Brushing were performed for 5.000rotates and continued until 10000rotates. Ra were determined by Surface Roughness Tester. The results were statistically analized using Repeated ANOVA and One Way ANOVA test. The roughness mean values after brushing with Formula Strong® and Formula Charcoal® showed no statistically significant difference. These result suggest that no effect of charcoal on surface roughness of nanohybrid composite resin."

"Latar Belakang: Konsumsi minuman beralkohol dapat meningkatkan kekasaran permukaan resin komposit. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh perbedaan konsentrasi etanol pada red wine dan lama perendaman terhadap kekasaran permukaan resin komposit microhybrid. Metode: Sampel berjumalah 24 spesimen dibagi menjadi empat kelompok perendaman di dalamred wine yaitu kelompok A (13,5% selama 4 jam), B (13,5% selama 1 jam), C (11,5% selama 4 jam), dan D (11,5% selama 1 jam). Pengujian menggunakan surface roughness tester SJ301 Mitutoyo Japan. Hasil: Analisa statistik menggunakan uji one way ANOVA dan Tukey (p<0,05). Nilai rerata kekasaran permukaan0,07±0,02 µm (sebelum perendaman), 0,11 ± 0,02 µm (A), 0,09 ± 0,02 µm (B), 0,09 ± 0,02 µm (C), 0,08 ± 0,02 µm (D). Kesimpulan:Terdapatpeningkatan kekasaran permukaan yangsignifikan pada resin komposit yang direndaman padared wine 13,5% selama 1 jam dan 4 jam.Peningkatankekasaran permukaansignifikan juga terdapat pada perendaman resin komposit di dalam red wine 13,5% dan 11,5% selama 4 jam.

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Background : Consumption of alcoholic beverages may affect the surface roughness increasing of the resin composites.

Objective: To analyze the effect of different concentration of ethanol in red wine and immersed duration on surface roughness of microhybrid resin composites.

Metodhs: The samples consist of 24 specimens, divided into four groups of immersed in red wine, group A (13,5% duration 4 hour), B (13,5% duration 1 hour), C (11,5% duration 4 hour), and D (11,5% duration 1 hour). The measurement test is using SJ301 Mitutoyo Japan surface roughness tester.

Result : The analysis used one way ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0,05). The avarage of surface roughness are 0,07±0,02 µm (before immersed), 0,11 ± 0,02 µm (A), 0,09 ± 0,02 µm (B), 0,09 ± 0,02 µm (C), 0,08 ± 0,02 µm (D).

Conclution : Significant increase in surface roughness of resin composites after immersed by red wine 13,5% in duration 1 hours and 4 hours. Significant increase in surface roughness of resin composites afterimmersed by red wine 13,5% and 11,5% in duration 4 hours.

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"Latar Belakang: Resin komposit merupakan bahan restorasi yang telah dikembangkan komposisinya sehingga memiliki sifat estetika, fisik, dan mekanik yang lebih baik dan diharapkan dapat mengatasi masalah yang disebabkan oleh material restorasi lainnya. Resin komposit PALFIQUE® Universal Flow dari Tokuyama Dental merupakan resin komposit yang telah dikembangkan partikel filler-nya dan diklaim memiliki kemampuan pemolesan yang tinggi serta estetika yang sempurna. Salah satu sifat permukaan restorasi resin komposit, surface gloss, memegang peranan penting terhadap estetika restorasi. Surface gloss dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor intrinsik dan ekstrinsik dan diantara faktor ekstrinsik yaitu sistem pemolesan. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh sistem pemolesan terhadap surface gloss resin komposit supra-nano PALFIQUE® Universal Flow tipe Super Low dan Medium. Metode: Empat puluh delapan spesimen resin komposit supranano PALFIQUE® Universal Flow berbentuk silinder berdiameter 6 mm dan tinggi 2 mm dibuat untuk penelitian ini. Spesimen dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok berdasarkan tipe resin komposit (Super Low dan Medium) dan sistem pemolesan (Sof-LexTM Spiral, Sof- LexTM XT Polishing Discs, Tanpa Pemolesan). Penyinaran resin komposit dilakukan dengan light curing unit iradiansi 1050 mW/cm2 selama 12 detik. Setiap spesimen dilakukan pengujian surface gloss dengan glossmeter sebanyak tiga kali. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik One-Way ANOVA dan Independent Sample T-Test. Hasil: Nilai surface gloss semua kelompok berada pada rentang 76–96 GU. Surface gloss tertinggi dimiliki oleh kelompok tanpa pemolesan. Sistem pemolesan Sof-LexTM XT Polishing Discs menghasilkan surface gloss lebih tinggi dibandingkan Sof-LexTM Spiral dengan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05). Surface gloss resin komposit tipe Super Low lebih tinggi dibandingkan tipe Medium dengan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,01). Kesimpulan: Surface gloss turut dipengaruhi oleh tipe resin komposit dan sistem pemolesan.

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Background: Composite resin is a restorative material with composition that has been developed so that it has better aesthetic, physical, and mechanical properties and is expected to overcome problems caused by other restorative materials. PALFIQUE® Universal Flow composite resin from Tokuyama Dental is a composite resin with developed filler particles and is claimed to have high polishing ability and perfect aesthetics. One of the surface properties of composite resin restorations, surface gloss, plays an important role in the aesthetics of the restoration. Surface gloss is influenced by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors and among the extrinsic factors is the polishing system. Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of different polishing systems on surface gloss of Super Low and Medium PALFIQUE® Universal Flow composite resin. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight specimens of PALFIQUE® Universal Flow supra-nano composite resin in cylindrical shape (diameter of 6 mm and height 2 mm) were used in this study. The specimens were divided into six groups by type (Super Low and Medium) and by polishing systems (Sof-LexTM Spiral, Sof-LexTM XT Polishing Discs, mylar strip). Specimens were polymerized with light curing unit for 12 seconds with light irradiance of 1050 mW/cm2. Each specimen was tested for surface gloss with a glossmeter three times. Data then were analyzed with One-Way ANOVA and Independent Sample T-Test. Results: Surface gloss value of all groups were above the clinically acceptable threshold (76–96 GU). Highest surface gloss value was shown on the mylar strip group. Higher surface gloss values were produced by Sof-LexTM XT Polishing Discs compared to Sof-LexTM Spiral, statistically significant (p<0,05). Surface gloss values were significantly higher on type Super Low compared to Medium (p<0,01). Conclusion: In this study, surface gloss value was influenced both by the type of composite resin and differences in polishing systems."