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Abstrak :
Penelitian ini menganalisa serangkaian perubahan dalam kebijakan mengatasi permasalahan pengangguran di Arab Saudi. Arab Saudi sudah mencapai tahap terakhir negara penyewa atau late rentier state, yaitu negara non demokrasi yang responsif terhadap kebutuhan dan kondisi masyarakat. Penelitian ini berargumentasi bahwa reformasi ketenagakerjaan adalah bentuk respon Kerajaan untuk mengatasi masalah pengangguran di Arab Saudi dalam mewujudkan Saudi Vision 2030. Penerapan Saudi Vision 2030 memperlihatkan proses liberalisasi yang dilakukan Arab Saudi dalam berbagai sektor. Selanjutnya, dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif, penelitian ini akan menganalisis beberapa permasalahan. Pertama, mengapa Arab Saudi mereformasi sistem ketenagakerjaannya? Kedua, bagaimana implementasi Saudi Vision dalam mengatasi pengangguran warga Saudi? Temuan penelitian ini membuktikan argumentasi bahwa reformasi ketenagakerjaan adalah bentuk respon Kerajaan terhadap fenomena pengangguran dan liberalisasi ekonomi dalam mewujudkan Saudi Vision 2030. ......This study analyzes a series of changes in policies to address unemployment problems in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia has reached the final stage of a late rentier state, which is a non-democratic state that is responsive to the needs and conditions of society. This study argues that employment reform is a form of the Kingdom's response to overcome unemployment problems in Saudi Arabia in realizing Saudi Vision 2030. The implementation of Saudi Vision 2030 shows the liberalization process carried out by Saudi Arabia in various sectors. Furthermore, with a descriptive qualitative method, this research will analyze several problems. First, why is Saudi Arabia reforming its employment system? Second, how is the implementation of Saudi Vision in overcoming the unemployment of Saudi citizens? The findings of this study prove the argument that labor reform is a form of the Kingdom's response to the phenomenon of unemployment and economic liberalization in realizing Saudi Vision 2030.

Abstrak :
For decades, Algeria has been depicted as an inaccessible, opaque, rentier state and under the control of secret intelligence agencies and inaccessible cartels and clans. While that analysis is partly true, this book contends that the analytical emphasis on opacity risks missing how much the country has changed since the 1990s: the new transparency of the interest groups that govern the country; the competing notions of economic development within key financial institutions; the impact of non-revolutionary contentious politics; the micro-politics of the changing attitudes of the countrys urban youth; the growth of moderate Islamist party politics; the changing notions of security held by the armed forces; and the dislocation of rebellion towards the South. Across ten chapters, the book demonstrates that Algeria under Abdelaziz Bouteflika remains complex and challenging to understand, but that it is no longer opaque and inaccessible.

Abstrak :
Sebagai sebuah negara yang tergolong sebagai rentier state, pemerintah Qatar cenderung memiliki toleransi yang terbatas terhadap kritik dan perbedaan pendapat. Akan tetapi, dalam masa persiapan penyelenggaraan Piala Dunia tahun 2022, muncul kritik dari organisasi internasional terkait isu eksploitasi pekerja migran. Tanggapan pemerintah Qatar ditunjukkan secara lebih terbuka dengan menerapkan serangkaian reformasi kebijakan untuk meningkatkan perlindungan pekerja migran, di antaranya penghapusan sistem sponsor (kafala), penetapan upah minimum, perubahan sistem rekrutmen, dan lainnya. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alasan mengapa pemerintah Qatar menerima kritik dari dunia internasional dan melakukan reformasi kebijakan terkait pekerja migran selama masa persiapan penyelenggaraan Piala Dunia tahun 2022. ......As a rentier state, the government of Qatar tends to have limited tolerance for criticism and disagreement. However, during the preparation for the 2022 World Cup, there was criticism from international organizations regarding the issue of exploitation of migrant workers. The Qatari government's response was shown more openly by implementing a series of policy reforms to improve the protection of migrant workers, including the abolition of the sponsorship system (kafala), establishing a minimum wage, changing the recruitment system, and others. Using qualitative methods, this research aims to understand the reasons why the Qatari government accepted international criticism and implemented policy reforms related to migrant workers during the preparation for the 2022 World Cup.