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"A pioneering new approach to a long-debated topic at the heart of syntax: what are the primitive concepts and operations of syntax? This book argues, appealing in part to the logic of Chomsky's Minimalist Program, that the primitive operations of syntax form relations between words rather than combining words to form constituents. Just three basic relations, definable in terms of inherent selection properties of words, are required in natural language syntax: projection, argument selection, and modification. In the radically simplified account of generative grammar Bowers proposes there are just two interface levels, which interact with our conceptual and sensory systems, and a lexicon from which an infinite number of sentences can be constructed. The theory also provides a natural interpretation of phase theory, enabling a better formulation of many island constraints, as well as providing the basis for a unified approach to ellipsis phenomena"

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah kategori service yangdibagi ke dalam tiga kategori berdasarkan level interaksi (high contact andcustomized service, moderate contact non personal, dan moderate contactstandardize) mempengaruhi nilai personal involvement dan perceived relationalbenefits konsumen, hingga akhirnya berpengaruh pada relational responsebehavior. Untuk menguji hipotesis pada penelitian ini, penulis membaginyamenjadi empat analisa, (1) analisa perbedaan nilai personal involvement padaketiga jenis kategori service, (2) analisa perbedaan nilai perceived relationalbenefits pada tiga kategori service, (3) analisa hubungan antara personalinvolvement dengan perceived relational benefits, (4) analisa hubungan antaraperceived relational benefits dengan relational response behavior. Keempatanalisa tersebut menggunakan analisis perbedaan (ANOVA dan MANOVA) sertaanalisa Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Analisa ANOVA dan MANOVAdiolah menggunakan SPSS 16.00, sedangkan analisa Structural EquationModeling (SEM) diolah menggunakan smart PLS 2.0.Hipotesis pada penelitian ini seluruhnya terbukti dan memperkuat hasiltemuan penelitian sebelumnya yang telah dilakukan oleh Gwinner (1998) danKinard & Capella (2006), bahwa service provider dengan tingkat interaksi yangtinggi antara konsumen dengan penyedia jasa layanan, akan memiliki nilaipersonal involvement dan perceived relational benefits yang tinggi, dan akhirnyaberpengaruh pada perilaku konsumen atau relational response behavior yangsemakin loyal terhadap perusahaan. Sehingga untuk service provider yangtermasuk ke dalam kategori moderate contact non personal dan moderate contactstandardize sebaiknya mengetahui lebih dalam tentang kebutuhan, harapan, sertanilai yang diinginkan oleh konsumen, karena hal ini nantinya dapat memunculkanpersonal involvement pada diri konsumen terhadap perusahaan, hingga konsumenmenginginkan terciptanya hubungan antara dirinya dengan service provider, halini tentunya menguntungkan perusahaan karena setelah konsumen tersebutmenginginkan adanya hubungan yang baik, konsumen akan menjadi loyalterhadap jasa layanan perusahaan.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine whether the type of service providers that aredivided into three categories of service (high contact and customized service,moderate non-personal contact, standardize and moderate contact) affect the valueof personal involvement and perceived service benefits the consumer, finally therelational response behavior. The hypothesis in this study is divided into fouranalysis, (1) analysis of differences in the value of personal involvement in allthree categories of service providers, (2) analysis of differences in the perceivedvalue of relational benefits on three categories of service providers, (3) analysis ofthe relationship between personal involvement with the perceived relationalbenefits, (4) analysis of the relationship between perceived relational benefits withrelational response behavior. The fourth analysis using difference analysis(ANOVA and MANOVA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). ANOVA andMANOVA running data using SPSS 16.0, and for the SEM analysis using SmartPLS 2.0.The hypothesis in this study proves and reinforces the findings of previousstudies that the service provider with a high level of interaction between theconsumer and the service provider will have the value of personal involvementand high perceived relational benefits , and ultimately affect the behavior ofconsumers or relational behaviors are more loyal response against the company .So as to service providers that fall into the category of moderate and moderatenon-personal contact standardize contact should learn more about the needs,expectations, and values that consumers want from a service provider services, asthis will be able to bring a personal involvement in the self-consumer of thecompany, consumers want to create a relationship between himself and the serviceprovider, it is certainly beneficial for the company once the consumer wants agood relationship, consumers will tend to feel loyal."

"Dalam mempelajari anteseden dari mekanisme relasional yaitu kepercayaan antara dua pihak sebagai pendorong kinerja aliansi, peneliti menemukan bahwa identitas relasional dan identifikasi relasional memiliki peran penting dalam orientasi sikap aliansi terhadap tingkat rasa saling percaya mereka, dan peneliti lain telah meneliti pentingnya identitas organisasi dalam proses mengidentifikasi dan diidentifikasi oleh organisasi lain. Sementara penelitian sebelumnya menekankan perlunya fokus pada kesamaan identitas organisasi untuk mengembangkan rasa saling percaya, sedikit yang diketahui tentang dampak perbedaan identitas organisasi terhadap munculnya rasa saling percaya untuk aliansi strategis. Saya menggabungkan kedua topik tersebut untuk menilai pengaruh kekhasan organisasi dalam mengembangkan rasa saling percaya, melalui proses identitas relasional dan identifikasi antara mitra dalam aliansi strategis. Dalam tinjauan pustaka ini, saya menganalisis 29 artikel dari tahun 1984-2019 mengenai topik kekhasan organisasi, identitas dan identifikasi relasional, serta rasa saling percaya. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa kekhasan organisasi dapat memainkan peran positif dalam menciptakan rasa saling percaya dalam aliansi strategis, melalui efek mediasi identitas dan identifikasi relasional.

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In studying the antecedents of relational mechanism, namely, mutual trust, as the driver of alliance’s performance, researchers have found that relational identity and relational identification have a critical role in the orientation of alliance’s attitude towards their level of mutual trust, and other researchers have examined the importance of organizational identity in the process of identifying and being identified by other organizations. While previous studies emphasize the need to focus on the similarity of organizational identity to develop mutual trust, less is known about the impact of differences in organizational identity towards the emergence of mutual trust for strategic alliances. I incorporate those two topics to assess the effect of organizational distinctiveness in developing mutual trust, through the process of relational identity and identification between partners in a strategic alliance. In this literature review, I analysed 29 peer reviewed articles from the year 1984-2019 concerning the topic of organizational distinctiveness, relational identity and identification, and mutual trust. The findings suggest that organizational distinctiveness can play a positive role in creating mutual trust in a strategic alliance, through the mediated effect of relational identity and identification."