Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"PURPOSE: Rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare. Accordingly, their clinical features are not well-documented and optimal treatment has not been established. The objective of this study is to clarify the rates and patterns of recurrence after surgical resection of rectal GISTs, with a focus on outcomes and therapeutic modalities.METHODS: The registry was designed to collect data on rectal GISTs recorded between January, 2003 and December, 2007 at 40 participating institutions of the Kinki GIST Study Group. The principal variables were the rates and patterns of recurrence of rectal GISTs. Other study variables were age, sex, tumor size, mitotic count, distance from the anal verge, tumor location, surgical procedures, surgical margins, and recurrence-free survival.RESULTS: Twenty-four cases were registered, 11 (45.8%) of which were classified as high-risk by the modified NIH criteria. Locoregional recurrence (7/23, 30.4%) was the predominant recurrence pattern after curative resection, with rates that did not differ after local excision (33.3%; 3/9) vs. extended resection (28.6%; 4/14). The recurrence rates were high (25.0%) even for patients with low-risk disease. There was only one case of recurrence among patients who received perioperative treatment with imatinib.CONCLUSIONS: Rectal GISTs showed high rates of local recurrence regardless of the surgical procedure. Perioperative treatment with imatinib may improve outcomes."

"This book presented in a consistent structural style that provides both a general summary of individual topics within the field along with additional details to assist those with some background knowledge in the subject area, this handy volume provides information related to the field of anorectal disease in a format that is easily accessible for rapid acquisition of knowledge. Each topic is outlined in a multidisciplinary fashion with the medical, surgical, and pathological aspects clearly detailed in each section. Each section clearly describes the condition with up-to-date management guidelines and precious clinical pearls. The volume features high quality illustrations in the form of elegant hand drawn figures, tables, photographs of physical findings, endoscopic finds and radiographs. The clinical photographs and x-rays will be of great value to gastroenterologists whose specialty is not coloproctology. Chapters on computerized tomographic colography (virtual colonoscopy) and others cover the newer technologies employed for diagnostic purposes in these diseases. "

"Angka kejadian kanker kolorektal sebagai penyakit keganasan menduduki urutan kedua setelah kanker payudara pada wanita dan kanker paru pada pria.Karsinoma pada daerah kolon asenden dan tranversus biasanya menyebabkan perdarahan sedikit demi sedikit dan tidak dapat dideteksi oleh mata serta tidak menyebabkan rasa sakit.Tes kolon albumin merupakan tes imunokimia pertama untuk menentukan adanya albumin yang berasal dari darah pada penyakit kolorektal dan tes ini tidak memerlukan persiapan diit. Sampai saat ini pemeriksaan darah samar dalam tinja masih banyak menggunakan bensidin, o-tolidin, guaiak, tetapi untuk pemeriksaan dengan cara tersebut banyak kendalanya.Dalam penelitian ini dilaporkan hasil penelitian banding kedua pemeriksaan di atas terhadap 18 tinja penderita dengan suspek keganasan kolorektal. Kahan penelitian diambil dari 11 orang laki-laki dan 7 orang perempuan yang berusia antara 21-54 tahun. Dilakukan pula uji diagnostik dengan memakai kontrol pasangan penderita. Dengan tabel kontingensi 2 X 2 diperoleh sensitivitas 100%, spesifisitas 93,7% dan akurasi 96,77%

---

Colon Albumin Test as a Screening Test for Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer is the second most cancer found preceded by breast cancer in woman and lung cancer in men. Cancer of the ascending and transverse colon usually did not cause profuse bleeding that could be observed macroscopically and did not cause pain.

The colon albumin test is a novel immunochemical test to detect albumin caused by bleeding in the colorectal regions. ND diet restriction is required before performing this test. Although the gold standard tests using benzidine, o-tolidin or guaiac were still commonly used, many obstacles were also reported.

In this study, a comparative examination was done on 18 stool amples were obtained from 18 subjects with suspicious of colorectal cancer. Specimens were taken from 11 males and 7 females, 21 until 54 years old. Diagnostic test was done using matched controls. Using 2 X 2 contingency table it was found a 100%, sensitivity, 93,7% spesificity and 96,7% accuracy."

"Latar belakang: Karsinoma rektum merupakan salah satu keganasan neoplastik yang banyak terjadi pada bagian rektum dan umumnya terjadi pada negara maju yang terus menerus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Tujuan: menganalisis asuhan keperawatan pasien kanker rektum menggunakan pendekatan teori Peacefull End Of Life (PEOL). Metode: metode yang digunakan pada asuhan keperawatan ini yaitu case study, satu pasien dengan karsinoma rektum. Hasil: nyeri yang dirasakan pasien bersifat kronis dengan skala 5, fase kenyamanan: pasien mengalami keterbatasan dalam mobilisasi. Setelah dilakukan tindakan perawatan selama 7 hari, keluhan nyeri kronis tetap dirasakan pasien karena massa yang ada dibagian rektum tidak dapat dioperasi, namun selain penggunaan terapi opioid berupa Morfin MST 2x10 mg pasien juga diajarkan penggunaan terapi komplementer berupa terapi musik untuk mengurangi rasa nyeri. Kesimpulan: Penggunaan teori Peacefull End Of Life dapat digunakan dalam pengelolaan pasien dalam kondisi paliatif dan terminal yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan serta mengurangi keluhan yang dirasakan pasien hingga akhir hidupnya.

---

Background: Rectal carcinoma is one of the most common neoplastic malignancies that occurs in the rectum and generally occurs in developed countries which continues to increase every year. Objective: to analyze the nursing care of rectal cancer patients using the Peaceful End Of Life (PEOL) theoretical approach. Method: the method used in mental care is a case study, one patient with rectal carcinoma. Results: the pain felt by the patient is chronic with a scale of 5, the comfort phase: the patient experiences limitations in mobilization. After treatment for 7 days, patients still felt complaints of chronic pain because the mass in the rectum could not be operated on, but apart from the use of opioid therapy in the form of Morphine MST 2x10 mg the patient was also taught the use of complementary therapy in the form of music therapy to reduce pain. Conclusion: The use of the Peaceful End Of Life theory can be used in the management of patients in palliative and terminal conditions which aims to increase comfort and reduce complaints felt by patients until the end of their lives"

"Contemporary coloproctology covers colorectal surgery, as practiced today, in an easily accessible format with emphasis on bringing key facts rapidly into focus. It is ideal reading both for the medical trainee and the practicing colorectal surgeon. As well as a succinct presentation of the current colorectal knowledge base, each chapter contains practical advice and pearls of wisdom from established practicing clinicians. A unique feature of the format is the identification of key references and questions and scenarios that present real life decisions in colorectal surgery."

"Kanker kolorektal merupakan kanker dengan angka insidensi tertinggi ketiga di Indonesia. Kemoterapi, radioterapi, maupun operasi konvensional adalah terapi standar untuk kanker kolorektal. Sayangnya, banyak efek samping yang dilaporkan setelah diberikan terapu-terapi tersebut. Penelitian sebelum ini menemukan bahwa lunasin, suatu zat alami yang berasal dari kacang kedelai memiliki efek anti kanker. Namun, efek specifik lunasin dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jaringan kanker pada rektum masih tidak diketahui.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi lunasin dalam menghambat perkembangan histopatologi dari kanker kolorektal pada rektum tikus. 24 mencit diinjeksi dengan Azoxymethane AOM dan Dextran Sodium Sulphate DSS sebagai penginduksi kanker. Lunasin didapat dari ekstraksi kacang kedelai. Sampel mencit dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok perlakuan, kelompok lunasin dosis rendah 20mg/kg , dosis sedang 30mg/kg , dan kelompok dosis tinggi 40mg/kg . Spesimen rektum diambil setelah menerima perlakuan lunasin. Tanda-tanda inflamasi, hiperplasia, dan angiogenesis diamati menggunakan mikroskop. Lunasin terbukti dapat secara signifikan mengurangi inflamasi dan hiperplasia meski hanya menggunakan dosis rendah p

---

Colorectal cancer is a cancer with the third highest incidence rate in Indonesia. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are the standard treatment of colorectal cancer. Unfortunately, various side effect has been reported following those treatment. Lunasin is a natural substance in soy that have been reported to have anti cancer effect. However, the effect of lunasin to inhibit the progression of colorectal cancer in rectum is still unknown.

The aim of this study is to determine the inhibitory potential of lunasin against the progression of colorectal cancer in rectum of mice. 24 mice were injected with Azoxymethane AOM and Dextran Sodium Sulphate DSS intraperitoneally as cancer inducer. Lunasin was obtained from the extraction of soybean. The samples were divided into control group, low dose lunasin 20mg kg, medium dose lunasin 30mg kg, and high dose lunasin 40mg kg. The rectum specimen was taken following the lunasin treatments. Inflammation, hyperplasia, and angiogenesis in rectum specimens that represented histopathological signs were observed microscopically. The number of inflammation and hyperplasia were significantly reduced after low dose of lunasin p"

"Brakiterapi merupakan salah satu pengobatan efektif untuk kanker serviks karena memungkinkan memberikan dosis tinggi pada tumor tetapi memiliki resiko untuk organ radiosensitive di sekitarnya seperti buli dan rektum. Perencanaan pengobatan yang tepat dapat meminimalkan dosis buli dan rektum yang diterima. Untuk mengetahui keakurasian dosis buli dan rektum hasil perhitungan Treatment Planning System (TPS) dengan dosis sebenarnya diperlukan pengukuran langsung. Penelitian ini menggunakan fantom khusus yang terbuat dari bahan akrilik sebanyak 12 lembar balok akrilik membentuk kubus berukuran 20 x 20 x 12 cm3 yang didalamnya terdapat beberapa hole yang digunakan untuk meletakkan aplikator yang digunakan sebagai tempat sumber iridium-192 dihubungkan dengan pesawat brakiterapi HDR Microselectron V2 dan detektor ionisasi PTW Farmer TM 30013 serta electrometer Unidos. Dua metode pengukuran yang digunakan yaitu penggunaan aplikator tabung intrauterine dan sepasang ovoid serta penggunaan sepasang ovoid tanpa tabung intrauterine dengan pemberian dosis titik A atau titik referensi sebesar 700, 850 dan 1000 cGy. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan dosis fantom yang terukur mendekati dosis hasil perhitungan TPS.

---

Brachytherapy is one effective treatment for cervical cancer because it allows to give high doses to the tumor but has a risk to radiosensitive organs in the vicinity such as bladder and rectum. Planning appropriate treatment can minimize the dose received bladder and rectum. To determine the accuracy of dose calculation results of bladder and rectum Treatment Planning System (TPS) with direct measurement of the dose is actually necessary.

This study uses a special phantom made of acrylic material as much as 12 sheets of acrylic blocks to form a cube measuring 20 x 20 x 12 cm 3 in which there are several holes that are used to put the applicator that is used as a source of iridium-192 HDR brachytherapy is connected by Microselectron V2 unit and PTW Farmer ionization detector and electrometer Unidos TM 30 013.

Two methods of measurement used is the use of intrauterine applicator tube and a pair of ovoid and the use of a pair of ovoid without intrauterine tube with a dose of point A or point of reference by 700, 850 and 1000 cGy. From this study obtained a measured dose phantom approaching TPS dose calculation results."

"ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Peradangan yang sering ditemukan pada daerah usus besar hingga rektum adalah kolitis ulserativa (UC). Pengobatan UC umumnya menggunakan kortikosteroid dan asam asetil salisilat (aspirin) yang masih efektif sebagai anti inflamasi pada kolon kiri (distal). Namun, obat ini memiliki sejumlah efek samping. Saat ini, penelitian tentang ekstrak tumbuhan herbal sebagai anti inflamasi telah berkembang. Salah satunya adalah ekstrak etanol daun mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ekstrak etanol terhadap rata-rata sel goblet per kripta, jumlah fokus inflamasi, dan jumlah angiogenesis pada jaringan rektal mencit yang diinduksi Azoxymethane (AOM) dan Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS). Metode: Eksperimen in vivo menggunakan mencit Balb/c. Sampel penelitian ini berupa preparat histopatologi yang telah dibuat dari bahan biologis yang disimpan pada penelitian sebelumnya. Sampel dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok: normal, kontrol positif (AOM/DSS + Aspirin), kontrol negatif (AOM/DSS), EMD25 (AOM/DSS + ekstrak etanol 25%), dan EMD12.5 (AOM/DSS + 12 etanol ekstrak). ,5%). Mencit di-eutanasia kemudian diambil jaringan rektalnya, dibersihkan, dan difiksasi menggunakan buffer formalin 10%. Selanjutnya, jaringan diproses dalam blok parafin dan dilakukan pewarnaan Hematoxylin-Eosin. Hasil: Uji statistik One-way ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa rerata sel goblet per kripta, jumlah fokus inflamasi, dan jumlah angiogenesis antar kelompok tidak berbeda nyata (p>0,05). Namun, pemberian ekstrak etanol daun mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) pada kelompok EMD25 berhasil menjaga rata-rata sel goblet per kripta mendekati kelompok normal. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol daun mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) tidak dapat menghambat inflamasi pada jaringan rektal mencit yang diinduksi OMA/DSS. Namun, ia memiliki kecenderungan untuk dapat mempertahankan rata-rata sel piala per crypt.ABSTRACTIntroduction: Inflammation that is often found in the large intestine to the rectum is ulcerative colitis (UC). Treatment of UC generally uses corticosteroids and acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin) which are still effective as anti-inflammatory agents in the left (distal) colon. However, this drug has a number of side effects. Currently, research on herbal plant extracts as anti-inflammatory has been growing. One of them is the ethanol extract of the leaves of the god crown (Phaleria macrocarpa). This study aimed to analyze the effect of ethanol extract on the goblet cell average per crypt, the number of foci of inflammation, and the amount of angiogenesis in the rectal tissue of mice induced by Azoxymethane (AOM) and Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS). Methods: In vivo experiments using Balb/c mice. The sample of this study was histopathological preparations that had been made from biological materials stored in previous studies. The samples were divided into 5 groups: normal, positive control (AOM/DSS + Aspirin), negative control (AOM/DSS), EMD25 (AOM/DSS + 25% ethanol extract), and EMD12.5 (AOM/DSS + 12 ethanol extract). ). ,5%). The mice were euthanized and then the rectal tissue was taken, cleaned, and fixed using 10% formalin buffer. Next, the tissue was processed in paraffin blocks and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining was performed. Results: One-way ANOVA statistical test showed that the mean of goblet cells per crypt, the number of foci of inflammation, and the number of angiogenesis between groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). However, administration of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of the god crown (Phaleria macrocarpa) in the EMD25 group managed to keep the goblet cell average per crypt close to the normal group. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of the leaves of the crown god (Phaleria macrocarpa) could not inhibit inflammation in the rectal tissue of mice induced by AOM/DSS. However, it has a tendency to be able to maintain an average of goblet cells per crypt."