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Abstrak :
Multiple Liver AbscessLiver abscess is a public health problem in few countries in Asia, Africa, and South America. As time goes, there were only few cases of amebic liver abscess found in developed countries, on the contrary more pyogenic liver abscess are found in those countries. Liver abscess could be caused by bacteria, parasite, or fungus J. The common symptoms among the liver' abscess are fever; chill, fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, right upper' abdominal pain,? in a few cases have symptoms like coughing, hiccup, pain in low right chest, or' pain on the shoulder: We reported a male patient 38 years batak ethnic was admitted with major symptoms such as high lever follow by chill, right upper abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, appetite loss, fatigue and sometimes coughing. Based on clinical, laboratory data, and abdominal USG found this patient suspected suffered from pyogenic liver abscess. Treatment of this pattern consist of antibiotic (cefotaxime 29x1 IV metronidazol 3x500mg orally and aspiration of the liver' abscess). Aspiration was done 2 times with the interval l week, extracted 260cc totally yellow greenish watery fluid with no smell. On the follow up abdominal USG was repeated on January 8, 2003 found enlarge of the liver; 3 small abscesses on the right lobe liver and so recovery process and then patient left the hospital in good condition after 3 weeks hospitalized.

Abstrak :
Diare merupakan penyakit yang menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Dari Survei Kesehatan dan Rumah Tangga 1995, prevalensi di Jawa dan Bali 21%, di luar Jawa Bali 24 %, Nasional 23%. Di Kota Bekasi tahun 2000 insiden 20,7/1.000 penduduk. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare pada anak berusia dibawah 2 tahun di Kota Bekasi tahun 2001. Desain penelitian ini adalah kasus dan kontrol. Populasi penelitian adalah baduta yang tinggal di wilayah Kota Bekasi, sampel adalah baduta yang sakit diare dan berobat ke sembilan puskesmas di wilayah Kota Bekasi sebagai kasus dan kontrol adalah baduta sehat yang datang ke posyandu dari mana kasus berasal. Besar sampel dalam penelitian ini 212 kasus dan 212 kontrol. Data dikumpulkan dengan mengadakan wawancara pada ibu yang anaknya sakit diare di pukesmas sebagai kasus dan ibu yang anaknya sehat di posyandu sebagaai kontrol. Entri data dengan program Epi - info versi 6.0, pengolahan dan analisis data dengan menggunakan stata versi 6.0. Variabel yang mempunyai risiko dan berhubungan bermakna dengan kejadian diare pada baduta setelah dilakukan analisis multivariate adalah bayi umur 5 - 12 bulan OR=2,34, (95 % CI, 1,09 - 5,04), umur 13 - 24 bulan OR=3,11,(95 % CI, 1,44 - 6,71), pengetahuan ibu OR=2,78, (95% Cl, 1,71 .-4,50), pembuangan kotoran OR=4,13, (95 % CI,1,79 - 9,51), hygiene perorangan OR=4,00 (95% CI, 1,34 -11,99) Dari hasil penelitian, peneliti ingin memberikan saran melalui peningkatan pengetahuan ibu dalam pencegahan diare pada anaknya yang berumur 5 - 24 bulan, pembuangan kotoran dan kebersihan perorangan melalui penyuluhan dan pemberian stimulan jamban baik di puskesmas maupun posyandu yang dilaksanakan lintas program maupun sector prioritas penanggulangan diare pada anak dibawah umur dua tahun dan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui besarnya masalah diare pada anak berumur < 24 bulan.

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Related Factors to Phenomena Diarrhea for the Children Under Two Years Old At Bekasi in the Year Of 2001Diarrhea is still significant for a public health problem due to its bight prevalence. From a household survey in 1995, showed that prevalence of this disease 21% in Java and Bali and at the outside of Java and Bali is 24%, Nationally is 23%. There were reported at Bekasi city that the incidence of diarrhea were 24,7/1.000 in the year of 2000. The purpose of this study is to know the factors related with the prevalence of diarrhea at the children under 2 years old at Bekasi by the year of 2001. The study used case and control design. Target populations in this study are children under two years old who live in Bekasi area. The cases are children under two years old who got sick from diarrhea, and went to 9 Health Centers where are observed. For the control are the healthy children under two years old who came to the Integrated Health Posts. The number of sample for this study are 212 cases and 212 controls. Data processing and entering by Epi-Info program version 6.0, and analyzing by Stata version 6.0. Variable which have risk and a significance correlation with the incidence of diarrhea for the children less than two years, after using multivariate analysis are baby's at the age of 5 - 12 months OR=2,34, (95 % CI, 1,09 - 5,04); 13 - 24 months OR=3,11, (95 % CI, 1,44 - 6,71), mother's knowledge OR=2,78, (95 % CI, 1,71 - 4,50), waste disposal OR=4,13,( 95 % CI, 1,79 - 9,51) and personal hygiene OR=4,00,( 95 % CI, 1,34 - 11,99). Based on this study, the researcher wants to give some advice especially for increasing theirs mother's knowledge for preventing theirs 5 - 24 months children, a sanitary waste disposal, individual personal hygiene by giving free latrine (by stimulans system) in the Health Center and integratet Health Post respectively. The researcher also suggest that the priority to control diarrhea disease should be given to the children under 2 years old. For the next coming years a study for diarrhea disease need to be done especially for the children under 2 years old.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penyakit Tuberkulosis Paru (TB Para) sampai saat ini masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang serius terutama di negara-negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Kunci utama dalam pemberantasan penyakit ini adalah keteraturan berobat penderita. Oleh karena itu perlu diketahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan keteraturan berobat penderita TB Paru.

Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni dan Juli tahun 2000. Disain penelitian adalah cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah penderita yang mulai berobat di BP4 kota Palembang selama bulan Januari - Desember 2000 dan di diagnose sebagai penderita TB Paru. Sample diambil secara purposif berjumlah 221 orang, merupakan seluruh penderita yang berobat di BP4 kola Palembang pada bulan Januari - Desember 1999 dan di diagnose sebagai penderita TB Paru.

Dari 221 responden dalam penelitian, 35% diantarannya tidak teratur minum obat. Hasil analisis bivariat terhadap 14 variabel bebas dengan variabel terikat, menghasilkan 5 variabel yang mempunyai hubungan bermakna (p<0,05) dengan keteraturan berobat, yaitu : sikap pengobat Odds Rasio = 1,987 (95% CI 1.112 - 3.549), jarak ke tempat pengobatan Odds Rasio = 2,171 (95% CI 1.173 - 4.017), persepsi tentang TB Paru Odds Rasio = 3,125 (95% CI 1.138 -- 8.581), manfaat berobat teratur Odds Rasio = 3,648 (95% CI 1.870 - 7.115) dan biaya pengobatan Odds Rasio = 2,754 (95% CI 1.542 - 4.919).

Hasil analisis multivariate dengan menggunakan regresi logistik metode Backward Stepwise dari 5 variabel bebas yang berhubungan bermakna pada analisis bivariat, ternyata hanya 2 variabel yang mempunyai hubungan bermakna (p<0,05) dengan keteraturan berobat,yaitu" biaya pengobatan Odds Rasio 2,2605 (95% CI 1.2370 - 4.1310) dan manfaat berobat teratur Odds Rasio = 2,9716 (95% CI 1.4900 - 5.9267).

Disarankan perlu penyuluhan tentang manfaat berobat teratur bagi penderita TB Paru dan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai pembiayaan pengobatan TB Paru. Daftar Pustaka 44 : (1974 - 2000).

abstract
Pulmonary Tuberculosis has been a serious public health problem among people in the developing countries as well as Indonesia. The primary key to eliminating this disease is the regularity of taking medicine (compliance).

This research aimed to discover the factors related to the regularity of taking medicine among Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients who were undergoing treatment at Lung Clinic or BP4 Palembang from January through December 1999. The research was done in June and July 2000 with cross sectional method. The population was all patients under treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in January through December 2000. The sample was taken purposively as many as 221 people.

Multivariate analysis shows that patients (33.5%) are irregularity taking medicine. Bivariate analysis towards 14 independent variables with dependent variables indicates 5 variables which have significantly relationship (p<0.05) with the regularity of taking medicine, that is : the attitude of provider Odds ratio = 1.987 (95% CI 1.112 - 3.549), the distance to the medical facility Odds ratio = 2.171 (95% CI 1.173 - 4.017), the perception about Pulmonary Tuberculosis Odds ratio = 3.125 (95% CI 1.138 - 8.581), the effectiveness of the regularity of taking medicine Odds ratio = 3.648 (95% CI 1.870 - 7.115) and medical cost Odds ratio = 2.754 (95% CI 1.542 - 4.919).

The multivariate analysis, using logistic regression of Backward Stepwise method, towards 5 independent variables having significant relationship (p<0.05) with the regularity of taking medicine, both are the medical treatment cost Odds ratio = 2.2605 (95% CI 1.2370 - 4.1310) and the effectiveness of the regularity of taking medicine Odds ratio .- 2.9716 (95% CI 1.4900 -5.9267).

The conclusion is that the factor of the regularity of taking medicine among patients of Pulmonary Tuberculosis is strongly influenced by the factor of the effectiveness of the regularity of taking medicine.

It is necessary to recommend more information about the effectiveness of the regularity of taking medicine to the patients of Pulmonary Tuberculosis as well as further research action, to get more knowledge about how strong the influence of medical cost is.

Abstrak :
Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat dan cenderung semakin luas wilayah penyebarannya sejalan dengan meningkatnya mobilitas dan kepadatan penduduk. Timbulnya penyakit DBD merupakan kontribusi spasial sebagai faktor risiko seperti perubahan iklim, topografi, cakupan program, dan perilaku. Besamya faktor risiko tersebut berperan terhadap bertambahnya populasi nyamuk Aedes aegypli sebagai vektor penyakit DBD. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan kontribusi spasial dengan kemungkinan terjadinya penyakif DBD selama 60 bulan (1997-2001), gambaran kepadatan jentik dan perilaku pengelola tempat-tempat umum (TTU) di Kota Bekasi. Disain penelitian adalah studi korelasi. Untuk mengetahui gambaran kepadatan jentik dan perilaku dilakukan survai dengan junilah sampel 292 TTU yang diperoleh secara sistematik random sampling. Data dianalisis untuk mengetahui distribusi frekuensi (univariat) dan hubungan antar variabel (bivariat) dengan menggunakan uji korelasi Product Moment Pearson dan uji anova. Variabel independen penelitian adalah curate hujan, suhu udara, kelembapan, pengelompokan wilayah, cakupan PSN-DBD, dan perilaku. Pengolahan data spasial dan pemetaan menggunakan teknologi Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pergeseran waktu penyebaran penyakit DBD memiliki sildus empat tahunan yang temp dan selama lima tahun terakhir diketahui pusat penyebaran penyakit berada di dua kelurahan yaitu Jati Waringin dan Jaka Sempurna. Hasil survai menunjukkan bahwa angka bebas jentik (ABJ) di TTU barn sebesar 72,60% dan proporsi pengelola TTU yang berpartisipasi dalam PSN-DBD kurang dari separuhnya (43,49%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan curah hujan, suhu udara, kelembaban, dan cakupan PSN-DBD selama lima tahun secara statistik tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna untuk terjadinya penyakit DBD p=0,111, p'J,486, dan Hubungan yang bermakna hanya terlihat antara suhu udara dengan kejadian penyakit DBD pada tahun 1998 (p O,002). Analisis bivariat antara pengelompokan wilayah dengan kejadian penyakit DBD juga menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna (p),000), yang berarti terdapat perbedaan kejadian penyakit DBD di wilayah perkotaan, peralihan dan perdesaan. ABJ tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna dengan curah hujan, suhu udara, kelembapan, dan cakupan PSN-DBD (p-0,760, p=0,214, p 0,616, dan p-A),283). Untuk mewaspadai siklus empat tahunan dan dalam rangka meneegah terjadinya kejadian luar biasa (KLB) DBD, disarankan perlu adanya petugas lapangan (Jura Pemeriksa Jentik) di setiap Puskesmas Pembantu (DesalKelurahan) yang akan melakukan pemeriksaan jentik di rumah penduduk di bawah koordinasi Puskesmas, meningkatkan kemampuan petugas puskesmas dalam mengelola wilayah kerjanya untuk mengurangi wilayah endemis, kegiatan PSN-DBD agar diprogramkan secara rutin (terjadwal) dalam ekstra kurikuler sekolah, dan perlu meningkatkan upaya penyuluhan kepada masyarakat melalui media cetak maupun elektronik. Daftar Pustaka: 54 (1987-2003)

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A Spatial Analysis of DHF Incidents in An Urban Setting of Bekasi 2003 Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a public health problem and tends to spread out by the increasing mobility and density of people population. The emergence of DHF disease is a spatially contributed from several risk factors such as climate changes, topography, coverage programs, and people's habit. The magnitude of the risk factors is responsible for the increasing of Aedes Agepty population as a vector DHF disease. The main objectives of this research are to find out the relationship between a spatial contribution and the possibility of DHF incident within 60 months period from 1997 to 2001, the illustration of mosquito larva density and the behavior of sanitation authority of public places in Bekasi. The model use in this study is a correlation study. The surveys are done in 292 public places by a systematic random sampling method to illustrate Aedes larva density and people behavior in that area. Data are analyzed to find the frequency distribution (univariat) and intervariable correlation (bivariat) by using Product Moment Pearson correlation test and Analysis of Varian test. The independent variables are the amount of rainfall, temperature, relative humidity, regional zoning, management of source reduction campaign of DHF, and the behavior of sanitation authority. Analyzing spatial data and mapping utilize the geographical information system (GIS). The result shows that a shifting time of DHF distribution is observed in a regular four-year cycle, and in the last five years it has been known that the central of disease distribution can be found in two district areas, Jati Waringin and Jaka Sampuma. The result also shows that the larva free index (ABJ) in public places is 72,60% and a proportion of management public places in source reduction campaign DHF is less than a half of it (43,49%). Bivariat analysis shows that a rainfall amount, temperature, relative humidity, and management of source reduction campaign DHF in statistics have no correlation with DHF disease incident within the last five years (p=. 772, p 0.111, p'O. 486, p=0.266. A significant correlation can be proven between temperature and DHF disease incident in 1998 (p4l.002). The bivariat analysis between several regions and DHF disease incident shows a significant correlation (p=x.400), so there are different DHF disease incidents among rural, transition and urban areas. ABJ does not show a significant correlation with rainfall amount, temperature, humidity, and management of source reduction campaign DHF (p=-0.760, 170.214, p=0.616 and p=0.283). To increase an awareness of the four-year cycle and to prevent the outbreak of DHF disease incident, firstly, staff that examine larva should be positioned in each public health center (Puskesmas) in the village. This staff is obliged to periodically examine larva in every house within his area and coordinates with the Puskesmas officers within his district. Secondly, the knowledge of district area public health staff should be improved to manage his region in minimizing the regional endemic. Thirdly, the source reduction campaign of DHF must be done periodically at schools and mass media.