Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
Pada tahun 2016 sektor kesehatan menyumbang setidaknya 2 gigaton CO2 ke permukaan atmosfer atau setara dengan emisi yang dihasilkan oleh 514 industri batu bara setiap tahun. Volume limbah dan emisi karbon ini tidak hanya menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan namun juga memicu terjadinya fenomena perubahan iklim yang mengancam keberlangsungan ekosistem di seluruh dunia. Sebesar 57-71% emisi karbon yang berasal dari sektor kesehatan disebabkan oleh aktivitas rantai persediaan logistik, terutama pada pengadaan sediaan farmasi dan alat kesehatan. Fungsi rumah sakit sebagai fasilitas penyembuhan dan rehabilitasi pasien justru menjadi kontradiktif akibat produk sampingan dari kegiatan operasional pelayanan kesehatan. Melalui pelaksanaan green procurement pihak rumah sakit dapat memastikan bahwa kegiatan perencanaan pengadaan hingga penentuan supplier mampu meminimalisir segala potensi kerusakan lingkungan yang berasal dari kegiatan produksi dan konsumsi sediaan farmasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi terkait faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan green procurement terutama pada sediaan farmasi sekaligus mengetahui potensi pengimplementasian praktik serupa pada rumah sakit di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah literature review untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor terhadap green procurement di rumah sakit melalui pencarian jurnal pada database ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Wiley, dan PubMed. Hasil penelitian dari 10 studi terinklusi menunjukkan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan green procurement sediaan farmasi, yakni komitmen internal, hubungan kerja sama dengan supplier, total quality management (TQM), tekanan institusional, peresepan dan dispensing obat, serta manajemen sediaan farmasi yang tidak terpakai. Sementara itu di Indonesia sendiri pengadaan sediaan farmasi kini dilakukan secara daring melalui portal e-procurement yang difasilitasi oleh LKPP. Kebijakan pengadaan ini ditujukan untuk mendukung pelayanan kesehatan era JKN dengan melaksanakan pengadaan obat secara lebih efektif dan efisien. Walaupun belum mencapai tahap green, adanya e-procurement pada sediaan farmasi merupakan langkah awal implementasi green procurement untuk mewujudkan rumah sakit sebagai fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan yang aman untuk populasi manusia maupun lingkungan hidup. ...... The health sector contributed at least 2 giga tons of CO2 alone in 2016. This number is equivalent to emissions committed by 514 coal industries every year. The huge amount of waste as well as carbon emission and other greenhouse gasses (GHG) not only causes environmental pollution but also triggers climate change which threaten the sustainability of our ecosystem. The crisis brought WHO and other organization to build a new paradigm called low carbon healthcare or green hospitals as mitigation strategy to climate change. Unfortunately the efforts to implement each green hospital principles have not been carried out as holistic measure, which mostly happen in developing countries. Most hospitals only focused on certain practices, such as waste management, energy efficiency, water conservation, and green building. Meanwhile 57-71% of health sector carbon emissions are caused by supply chain activities, especially pharmaceuticals and medical devices. The healthcare facility can no longer provide a safe environment for patients due to its by-products from each operational activity. Through the implementation of green procurement, hospital can ensure that the planning up to supplier selection are able to minimize all potential environmental risk that comes from production and consumption activity of pharmaceutical products. This research was conducted to obtain information about factors that influence the implementation of pharmaceutical green procurement in hospital. Also this study aim to identify the chances for hospitals in Indonesia in order to adopt the said practice. Through literature review and data extraction from 10 included studies from Science Direct, ProQuest, Wiley, and PubMed the results showed that internal commitment, supplier collaboration, total quality management (TQM), institutional pressure, prescribing and dispensing of drugs, also management of unused pharmaceuticals as factors influences green procurement in hospital. Meanwhile the secondary data analysis shows that most of pharmaceuticals procurement Indonesian is now carried out online through a system called e-procurement. This platform is facilitated by LKPP in order to provide more sustainable healthcare service delivery in the era of JKN. Although there is still a long way to go until we finally reach the ‗green‘ stage, the implementation of e-procurement marked the first step of green procurement adoption in Indonesia therefore making hospitals as safe healthcare facility not only for human, but also environment and the planet.

Abstrak :
The village drug post is one of health efforts based on the community resources. But the technical assistance is the Health Center's responsible. This means that there are ducation process, transfer of technologies, and train the skill on drugs and simple therapy for common diseases in the community. This research aimed to enhance the community ability to self help in health that are safe and right, with the specific objectives were 1) present of qualified drugs with achievable prices, 2) enhance the community's knowledge on drugs and simple treatment efforts to mild diseases in the local areas, 3) enhance the community's skill to know symptoms and to treat mild disease simply. This was an operational research with a qualitative design. The location was in Cianjur District, Cipendawa and Cikanyere villages. Data were collected by interview. focus group discussion, and observation. Results showed that there were village drug posts in 2 (two) villages selected. And by cadres trainings there were to enhance on the community knowledge on drugs, simple treatment efforts on mild diseases, and enhance the community skill to know symptoms. Besides, the procurement of drugs in village drug post are not just from Big Pharmacy Factories (Pabrik Besar Farmasi) directed by the Government but for efficiency and effectives, these could be from the drug stores with licenses because the prices could be cheaper and also could be faster and shorter. It is suggested that there should be 1) evaluation and revitalization on village drug posts that in the location that ever been exist and to apply drug procurement system that is easy to conduct, 2) enhance community education on drugs, 3) reorganize the training materials for cadres.