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Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Kecemasan prabedah timbul dari aspek pembedahan maupun aspek anestesi. Pencegahan kecemasan prabedah dengan pendekatan non farmakologis misalnya edukasi, dapat mengurangi efek samping dari penggunaan obat-obatan pada intervensi farmakologis. Penelitian ini membandingkan metode audiovisual dan penjelasan secara verbal sebagai medium edukasi untuk menurunkan kecemasan pasien yang akan menjalani operasi dengan anestesia spinal. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis acak tersamar tunggal yang mengikutsertakan 74 pasien dewasa di Poli Perioperatif RSCM. Sampel dibagi 2 kelompok dengan metode acak, 37 sampel di tiap kelompok audiovisual dan kelompok verbal. Penilaian kecemasan dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah edukasi menggunakan kuesioner Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS). Hasil: Sebanyak 74 subjek penelitian yang masuk dalam kriteria inklusi dibagi dalam dua kelompok, kelompok audiovisual dan kelompok penjelasan verbal. Tingkat kecemasan seluruh pasien sebelum edukasi 11 (4–20). Tingkat kecemasan pascaedukasi di kelompok verbal adalah 8 (4–18), dikelompok audiovisual 8 (4–18). Perubahan tingkat kecemasan pascaedukasi berbeda bermakna pada kelompok audiovisual dibandingkan kelompok verbal, (2 (-3 – 14) vs 1 (-3 – 8); p=0,046). Simpulan: Metode audiovisual dengan videoedukasi sebagai medium edukasi lebih baik dalam menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pasien yang akan menjalani anestesia spinal dibandingkan penjelasan verbal. ......Background: Anesthesia and surgery can induce preoperative anxiety. Non-pharmacological approaches like education have been used to alleviate preoperative anxiety and pharmacological interventions. One form of preoperative education is audiovisual method. This study compares preoperative education methods using audiovisual vs standard verbal explanations in reducing preoperative anxiety prior to surgery under spinal anesthesia. Methods: This research is a single-blind randomized clinical trial including 74 patients at the Perioperative Clinic of RSCM. Subjects randomly divided into audiovisual and verbal explanation group. Preoperative anxiety was assessed before and after education using Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) questionnaire. Results: A total of 74 subjects were included in this study. Subjects randomly allocated into two groups: audiovisual (n=37) and verbal explanation (n=37). Median for the level of anxiety for all patients before education was 11 (4–20). Median for post-education anxiety level in the verbal group was 8 (4–18), vs 8 (4–18) in the audiovisual group. Change in anxiety levels was significantly different in audiovisual compared to verbal (2 (-3 – 14) vs 1 (-3 – 8); p=0.046). Conclusion: Preoperative education using audiovisual method through video is more effective in reducing anxiety level of patients undergoing spinal anesthesia compared to verbal explanations.

Abstrak :
Intervensi keperawatan berupa edukasi preoperasi terstruktur berdasarkan teori kognitif sosial (SCT) diharapkan dapat meningkatkan self-efficacy dan perilaku latihan post operasi. Penerapan SCT meliputi penguatan pada empat tahap yaitu vicarious experiences (pemodelan dengan menggunakan video durasi 12 menit), mastery experience, verbal persuasion dan somatic and emotional states. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi pre operasi terstruktur terhadap self-efficacy dan perilaku latihan post operasi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan pre-test and post-test with control group design dan post-test only with control group design. Jumlah sampel 44 orang terbagi atas 22 orang pada kelompok control dan 22 orang pada kelompok intervensi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan adanya pengaruh yang bermakna edukasi preoperasi terstruktur terhadap self-efficacy (p= 0.00; α=0.05) dan perilaku latihan post operasi (p= 0.00; α=0.05). Berdasarkan penelitian ini edukasi preoperasi terstruktur dengan SCT dapat dilakukan sebagai intervensi keperawatan secara optimal dengan memperhatikan kemampuan pasien post operasi agar dapat melakukan manajemen keperawatan sebaik mungkin. ......Nursing intervention in the form of structured education preoperatively based on social cognitive theory (SCT) is expected to increase self-efficacy and post operative exercise behavior.The application of SCT involved the strengthening of four stages, including vicarious experiences (modeling using 12-minute video), mastery experience, verbal persuasion, as well as somatic and emotional states. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of structured preoperative education on self-efficacy and post operative exercise. This study was a quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design done by using a pre-test and post-test with control group design and post-test only with control group design. The number of samples was 44 people was divided into 2 groups: 22 people in the control group and 22 people in the intervention group. The result showed a significant influence of structured preoperative education on both self-efficacy p = 0.00 and the post operative exercise behavior p = 0.00. Based on this study, the structured preoperative education shoul be provided by nurses optimally as a part of nursing interventions by focusing on the post-operative patients? abilities in order to perform the nursing management well.