Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
Kompleksitas perawatan bayi yang intensif menyebabkan ada perawatan rutin yang terlewatkan sehingga dapat memperpanjang lama perawatan, risiko rawat ulang, meningkatkan komplikasi bayi, dan menurunkan kepuasan orang tua. Penelitian cross-sectional ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara pelaksanaan perawatan bayi prematur dengan kepuasan orang tua. Teknik consecutive sampling dilakukan untuk memilih 59 perawat dan 59 orang tua bayi prematur. Analisis menggunakan uji Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pelaksanaan perawatan bayi prematur sebesar 161,93 dan rata-rata kepuasan orang tua sebesar 280,07. Terdapat hubungan antara pelaksanaan perawatan bayi prematur dengan kepuasan orang tua (pvalue<0,001, r= 0,77). Bagi pelayanan keperawatan dapat menjadi evaluasi terhadap kinerja perawat untuk meningkatkan kualitas perawatan bayi prematur dan kepuasan orang tua meningkat. ......Complexity of intensive care of premature babies causes some routine nursing cares are overlooked which may lead to extension of length of stay, risk of rehospitalization, additional disease complications, and decrease of parents satisfaction. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the relationship between the implementation of a premature babies care with parents satisfaction. Consecutive sampling technique was conducted to select 59 nurses and 59 parents of premature babies as research respondents. The data was analyzed with Pearson test. The results showed that the average of premature babies care score was 161.93 and the average of parents satisfaction score was 280.07. There was a significant relationship between the implementation of premature babies care with parents satisfaction (p value <0.001, r = 0.77). Nursing care should be evaluated to improve the performance of nurses and the quality of care of premature babies and parents satisfaction.

Abstrak :
Bayi prematur lahir dengan berbagai permasalahan kesehatan dan membutuhkan perawatan khusus yang dapat menyebabkan kecemasan dan stres orang tua. Kualitas asuhan keperawatan yang bermutu dengan menerapkan asuhan perkembangan dapat dinilai dengan kepuasan orang tua. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan penerapan asuhan perkembangan yang dipersepsikan oleh perawat dengan kepuasan orang tua bayi prematur di ruang neonatus. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional ini menggunakan sampel berjumlah 52 perawat dan 52 orang tua bayi prematur. Tehnik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah consecutive sampling Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan pearson. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermaksna antara penerapan asuhan perkembangan dengan kepuasan orang tua bayi prematur (p value <0,001, p<0,05). Penerapan asuhan perkembangan yang baik dapat meningkatkan kualitas perawatan terhadap bayi dan juga meningkatkan kepuasan orang tua. Asuhan perkembangan perlu diterapkan di ruang neonatus sebagai upaya meningkatkan asuhan keperawatan pada bayi dan kepuasan orang tua. ......Premature infants born with several of health problems and needs special care can cause anxiety and stress of parents. A qualified nursing care by implementing developmental care can be assessed through parent satisfaction of premature infants. This study aims to recognize the relationship of developmental care application perceived by nurse with parental satisfaction of premature infants in neonatus care unit. This quantitative study used cross sectional design. The sample included 52 neonatus nurses and 52 parents of premature infants used consecutive sampling method. Data were collected using a questioners and analyzed using Pearson. The analysis results show that there is significant relationship between developmental care applications with parent satisfaction of premature infants (p value=<0,001, p<0,05). The application of developmental care in premature infants may improve the quality of care and increase parens satisfaction. Developmental care need to be implemented as an effort to improve nursing care of infants and parents satisfaction.

Abstrak :
Breastmilk is the best nutrition for infant but giving only breastmilk for preamature infants older than 2 weeks could not comply the needs and has to be fortified Human milk fortifier HMF is very recommended to fortify breastmilk In west Sumatera including DR M Djamil Hospital HMF was unreachable and expensive At certain hospital in Africa and several Hospital in United States they exclusively use fortified breastmilk with Post Discharge Formula PDF Objective To compare the weight gain among premature infants receiving fortified breastmilk with PDF and premature formula milk and also to observe the adverse event Methods A 4 weeks experimental study on premature infants gestational age ge 28 until 37 weeks who receive fortified breastmilk with PDF and some of them received premature formula milk acted as a control from March until December 2015 in DR M Djamil Hospital West Sumatera Results Data was obtained from 30 sample for each group intervention and control Sample baseline characteristic such as sex gestational age GA birth weight and previous illness history was indifferent statistically The mean of birth weight in control group was 1643 grams the mean of weight at the initial study was 1631 grams and the mean of birth weight at the end of study 4 weeks was 2573 grams The mean of birth weight in intervention group was 1682 grams the mean of weight at the initial study was 1722 grams and the mean of birth weight at the end of study 4 weeks was 2775 grams The mean of time to reach full feed condition initial study in control group was 14 days and 18 days in intervention group The mean of weight gain during 4 weeks was 958 grams in control group and 1053 grams in intervention group p 0 22 There was no adverse event found in infants received both breastmilk fortified with PDF and premature formula milk Conclusion It appears that weight gain of premature infants who receive breastmilk fortified with PDF is indifferent statistically compared with premature infants who receive formula milk There is no adverse event found in this study

Abstrak :
Periodontal disease is one of the risk factors for certain systemic conditions. Retrospective and prospective studies showed that pregnant women with periodontitis have significantly higher risk to deliver preterm low birth weight infants (gestation period < 37 weeks, and birth weight < 2500 grams) and the risk increase as the periodontitis progressed during pregnancy. Periodontal disease could mediate this systemic effect through the action of periodontal pathogens and lipopolysaccharide increasing the production of prostaglandin and cytokine (physiologic mediators in parturition) which will trigger the delivery of preterm low birth weight infants. Periodontal therapy significantly reduces the rates of preterm low birth weight among women with periodontitis. It is concluded that periodontal disease is an independent risk factor for preterm low birth weight, and inclusion of oral prophylaxis procedure during pregnancy should be considered.

Abstrak :
Terapi sentuhan merupakan salah satu terapi nonfarmakologis yang dapat diberikan pada bayi prematur. Tujuan penelitian mengidentifikasi pengaruh terapi sentuhan terhadap suhu dan nadi bayi prematur di ruang perinatologi RS X Tangerang. Desain penelitian menggunakan kuasi eksperimen dengan pre dan post test. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara consecutive sampling. Responden berjumlah 30 bayi prematur, dengan 15 bayi pada kelompok intervensi dan 15 bayi pada kelompok kontrol. Pengujian rata-rata suhu dan nadi pada kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi menggunakan uji t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata suhu bayi prematur secara signifikan pada kelompok intervensi (p= 0,000, α= 0,05). Kesimpulannya, terapi sentuhan dapat meningkatkan suhu bayi prematur. Disarankan agar terapi sentuhan dapat diterapkan dalam asuhan keperawatan pada bayi prematur.

Therapeutic touch is one of non pharmacologic therapy that can be given to premature babies. The purpose of study was to identify the effects of therapeutic touch on the temperature and pulse of premature babies at Perinatal Unit, X Hospital in Tangerang. Quasi-experimental research design was used with pre and post test. Sampling technique was by consecutive sampling. Respondents were 30 premature infants, with 15 infants in the intervention group and 15 infants in the control group. The average temperature and pulse in the control group and intervention group was measured by t-test. The results showed an increase in the average temperature of premature infants in the intervention group were significant (p= 0,000, α= 0,05). In conclusion, therapeutic touch can increase the temperature of premature infants. It is recommended that therapeutic touch can be applied in nursing care in preterm infants.

Abstrak :
Ibu yang memiliki bayi prematur dihadapkan pada rasa takut, stres dan kecemasan yang bisa mengganggu hubungan antara ibu dan bayinya. Studi fenomenologi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengalaman ibu yang memiliki bayi prematur. Penelitian ini mengikutsertakan 8 partisipan yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi enam tema utama: (1) Gambaran bayi prematur, (2) Penyebab kelahiran bayi prematur, (3) Respon ibu terhadap kelahiran prematur, (4) Kemampuan melakukan perawatan bayi prematur di rumah, (5) Dukungan dalam merawat bayi prematur, (6) Harapan untuk mendapatkan Pelayanan Kesehatan yang baik. Rekomendasi dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan tenaga kesehatan dapat mengidentifikasi kebutuhan ibu dalam merawat bayi prematur di rumah. ......Mothers of premature babies faced with the fear, stress and anxiety. This conditions can interfere with the relationship between mother and baby. Phenomenological study aims to know, how the mothers experiences treating premature infants. There are 8 Participants were taken with a purposive sampling involved in this study. The study identified six major themes: (1) Overview of premature infants, (2) Causes of preterm birth, (3) Mother?s response of preterm birth, (4) Ability to care of premature infants at home,(5) Support in caring for premature babies, (6) Hope to get good health care. Recommendations from this research are expected to identify the health needs of mothers in caring for premature babies at home.

Abstrak :
Prevalens SNAD NKB < 34 minggu dan atau BLSR di Indonesia masih tinggi. Asuhan antenatal yang tidak adekuat, gejala infeksi saat lahir yang sulit dibedakan dengan prematuritas, dan modalitas diagnostik yang suboptimal membuat diagnosis SNAD pada populasi ini sulit. Presepsin salah satu marker infeksi meningkat saat awal infeksi berpotensi dijadikan salah satu parameter diagnostik SNAD. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat akurasi presepsin sebagai salah satu parameter diagnosis SNAD dan dibandingkan dengan CRP. Studi ini merupakan studi potong lintang terhadap 71 NKB < 34 minggu dan atau BLSR dengan faktor risiko SNAD lebih tinggi atau faktor risiko SNAD rendah yang menunjukkan gejala sepsis di Unit Perinatologi RSCM. Penelitian ini mencari nilai batas presepsin sebagai parameter diagnostik SNAD pada berbagai waktu pengambilan, kemudian membandingkannya dengan CRP. Kurva ROC dikerjakan untuk menentukan nilai batasan optimal presepsin. Penelitian ini mendapat nilai presepsin lebih tinggi pada kelompok SNAD dibandingkan dengan non-sepsis (median 814, 802, dan 693 pg/mL, p<0,05). Presepsin mencapai nilai puncaknya pada T1 sedangkan CRP pada T24. Nilai batas optimal, batas bawah dan batas atas presepsin T1 adalah 621,5, 458, 808 pg/mL. Pada T4 yaitu 733, 518,5, 733 pg/mL serta T24 yaitu 667,5, 556,5, 820,5 pg/mL. Nilai batas presepsin T1 memiliki sensitivitas 82,14%, spesifisitas 81,4%, NDP 74,19%, NDN 87,5%, dan akurasi 81,69%. Sedangkan presepsin T4 memiliki sensitivitas 60,71%, spesifisitas 93,02%, NDP 85%, NDN 78,43% dan akurasi 80,28%. Nilai batasan presepsin T24 memiliki sensitivitas 64%, spesifisitas 86%, NDP 75% dan NDN 78,7% dan akurasi 77,46%. Sebagai kesimpulan, presepsin meningkat sesaat setelah lahir jika terjadi infeksi. Presepsin T1 dapat digunakan sebagai parameter skrining SNAD dengan menggunakan nilai batasan optimal 621,5 pg/mL. Presepsin dengan berbagai nilai batasan tertentu memiliki fungsi yang berbeda dan dapat diaplikasikan ke dalam alur diagnosis dan tata laksana SNAD berdasarkan faktor risiko populasi tersebut. ......Early onset neonatal sepsis prevalence in Indonesia remains high among preterm neonates born at <34 weeks' gestation and or VLBW. Inadequate antenatal care, infectious symptoms at birth that are confusing to distinguish from prematurity, and poor predictive performance of laboratory tests made diagnosis of EOS is wearisome. Presepsin, one of the biomarkers, increases early in onset of infection has potential to become diagnostic tools for EOS. The objective of this study is to find the accuracy of presepsin as one of EOS diagnostic tools and compared it with CRP. This study is a cross-sectional study of of 71 neonates born at < 34 weeks' gestation and or VLBW at higher risk of EOS or at lower risk for EOS that showing some degree of respiratory or systemic instability. Presepsin which was collected in different time interval (T1, T4 and T24), compared to diagnostic criteria of sepsis as the gold standard. The accuracy of CRP with currently cut-off points also analyzed in this study. The ROC curve was performed to determine the optimal cut-off points of presepsin. Presepsin values were higher in the EOS group than in uninfected group at T1(median 814 vs 438 pg/mL; p<0.05) T4 (802 vs 445 pg/mL; p<0.05), and T24 (693 vs 469 pg/ mL; p <0.05). Presepsin achieved best accuracy at T1 and reaches its peak value at T1 while CRP have it at T24. Optimal cut-off points, the lower limit and the upper limit of presepsin at T1 are 621.5, 458, 808 pg/mL. At T4 are 733, 518.5, 733 pg/mL and T24 are 667.5, 556.5, 820.5 pg/mL. With those optimal cut-off value, presepsin has 82.14% sensitivity, 81.4% specificity, 74.19% PPV, 87.5% NPV, and accuracy of 81.69%. Whereas presepsin at T4 has 60.71% sensitivity, 93.02% specificity, 85% PPV, 78.43% NPV and an accuracy of 80.28%. Presepsin at T24 has a sensitivity of 64%, a specificity of 86%, an NDP of 75% and an NDN of 78.7% and an accuracy of 77.46%. In conclusion, presepsin increases shortly after birth in EOS group. Presepsin at T1 can be used as EOS screening tools by using an optimal cut-off value of 621.5 pg/mL. Presepsin with certain boundary values have different functions and perhaps can be applied to the EOS diagnosis and management pathways in RSCM.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang. Air susu ibu ASI merupakan nutrisi ideal bagi seorang bayi, namunkomposisi ASI bervariasi dan sangat individual. Human milk fortifier HMF direkomendasikan oleh WHO untuk diberikan pada bayi sangat prematur dan/atau bayiberat lahir sangat rendah BBLSR , namun belum terdapat kesepakatan kapan waktumemulainya. Selain itu kelompok ini berisiko mengalami kekurangan atau kelebihan zatbesi akibat pemberian suplementasi besi rutin. Objektif. Mendapatkan profil perubahan kandungan energi makronutrien dan zat besi dariASI bayi sangat prematur dan/atau BBLSR, serta kecukupan kandungan nutrisi dan zat besipada ASI untuk memenuhi kebutuhan yang direkomendasikan.Metode. Studi deskriptif analitik dengan desain multiple measurement pada studilongitudinal. Sampel penelitian adalah ASI ibu yang melahirkan bayi sangat prematurdan/atau BBLSR periode bulan Juli-Oktober 2017 di unit perinatologi RSCM. PemeriksaanASI menggunakan MIRIS dilakukan secara serial selama 4 minggu dan pada minggu 4dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar besi ASI menggunakan ICP-MS. Sebanyak 30 ibu yang memiliki data lengkap hingga minggu 4 dilakukan analisis.Hasil. Terdapat penurunan kandungan protein di ASI p=0,0003 disertai peningkatanlemak p=0,0004 dan kalori p=0,0006 setiap minggunya, namun tidak demikian dengankarbohidrat p=0,447 . Kekurangan protein di ASI didapatkan sejak minggu II pascakelahiran walaupun kalori lemak ASI masih mencukupi. Kadar zat besi ASI pada hari 28ditemukan lebih rendah dari nilai rekomendasi ESPGHAN dan AAP-Con ditemukan padapemeriksaan hari ke 28.Kesimpulan. Terdapat perubahan kandungan makronutrien setiap minggunya pada ASIbayi sangat prematur dan/atau BBLSR dan tidak mencukupi kebutuhan yang direkomendasikan. Pemberian HMF dapat dipertimbangkan untuk diberikan sejak minggu IIuntuk mencukupi kebutuhan tumbuh kejar. ......Background. Mother rsquo s own milk MOM is an ideal nutrition for a baby, but thecomposition is varied and highly individualized. Human milk fortifier HMF is recommended by WHO for very premature infants and or very low birth weight VLBW infants, yet no agreement when to start. In addition, this group is at risk of iron deficiencyor excess due to routine iron supplementation.Objective. To find the changes in macronutrient and iron contents from MOM in verypremature infants and or VLBW infants, as well as the adequacy of nutrients and ironcontents in MOM to conform recommended needs.Method. Analytical descriptive study with multiple measurement design in longitudinalstudy. Subjects were mothers who delivered very premature infants and or VLBW infantsfrom July to October 2017. Breast milk was serialized with MIRIS for 4 weeks and ironcontent was researched with ICP MS at 4th week. The study took place in neonatolgy unitin Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. A total of 30 mothers who had complete data for 4weeks were analyzed.Results. There was a decrease in protein content in breast milk p 0.0003 and increasedfat p 0.0004 and calories p 0.0006 per week, but not in carbohydrates p 0.447 .Although this result is higher than the study of systematic review in Australia in 2016.Protein deficiency in breast milk was found from the first week after birth and iron contentis lower than the value of recommendation of ESPGHAN and AAP Con at 28 dayexamination.Conclusion. Macronutrient content changes each week in breast milk of very prematureand or VLBW infants and not enough from dietary recommendation. Giving HMF may beconsidered at 1st week after birth.

Abstrak :
Low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth are the most cause of infant death. After going home there is a problem of preterm infant care due to inadequate and inability mother to anticipate the emergency condition that threat the baby. The purpose of this study is to identify the influence of 'RINDU' health education package to mother readiness for nurturing preterm baby at home. The design of the study is quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group. The samples of this study was 50 mothers of preterm infant treated in Aura Syifa, Melinda, Muhammadiyah, and Gambiran district hospital at Kediri. The samples was devided in two groups, 25 participants of intervention group and 25 participants of control group. Descriptive statistic were gotten the data that almost 56% mother were 25th years, 88% had the under junior high school, 52% participants had income more than Rp 450.000,00 and 76% had no experience to preterm infant care. There are significant differences in the readiness of the mother in intervention and control group for caring preterm infant at home (p=0,000; α=0,05). Readiness of mother take care of preterm infant is not influenced by age, education, incomes and experience ( p>0,05). 'RINDU' health education package effectively used to improve knowledge, attitude, and skill of mother to care the preterm babies at home. Nursing services in hospital should be using 'RINDU' a health education package as an independent nursing intervention programe for preterm infant’s mother.

Abstrak :
Bayi kurang bulan masih merupakan masalah karena mempunyai morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Selain morbiditas yang tinggi, bayi kurang bulan juga sering mengalami pertumbuhan yang kurang baik jika dibandingkan dengan bayi cukup bulan. Gangguan yang berhubungan dengan saluran cerna ialah gagal tumbuh dan malnutrisi. Penyebab gagal tumbuh terbanyak pada bayi ialah masalah pada saluran cerna, terutama maldigesti, malabsorpsi, dan diare kronik. Bayi kurang bulan dengan imaturitas saluran cerna mempunyai aktivitas enzim yang rendah, yang akan menyebabkan digesti dan absorpsi nutrien yang rendah dan pada akhirnya akan mengganggu tumbuh kembangnya. Beberapa enzim pencernaan, yaitu laktase dan elastase 1 pankreas, akan diteliti. Laktase adalah enzim pencernaan yang terdapat di usus halus dan bekerja menghidrolisis laktosa yang merupakan karbohidrat utama pada susu. Elastase 1 pankreas dihasilkan oleh pankreas dan merupakan enzim pemecah protein. Apakah aktivitas enzim bayi kurang bulan yang rendah pada saat lahir akan dapat mencapai perkembangan aktivitas enzim bayi cukup bulan? Penelitian ini berusaha menjawab pertanyaan tersebut. Metodologi Dilakukan studi prospektif observasional analitik pada 25 bayi kurang bulan dan 22 bayi cukup bulan di RSB Budi Kemuliaan Jakarta, dalam periode Agustus 2003 sampai dengan Juli 2004. Aktivitas laktase dilakukan pada bayi umur 1, 14, dan 28 hari, serta pemeriksaan kadar elastase 1 pankreas dilakukan pada umur 1, 7, dan 10 hari. Aktivitas laktase dinyatakan dalam rasio ekskresi laktulosa dan laktosa. Pemeriksaan aktivitas laktase dilakukan dengan cara memberi minum bayi dengan larutan laktulosa dan laktosa (1:1) setelah puasa 2 jam, kemudian urinenya ditampung. Penetapan kadar laktulosa dan laktosa dalam urine dilakukan dengan cara kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi. Kadar elastase 1 pankreas dalam tinja diukur dengan cara Elisa. Hasil Penelitian Rerata aktivitas laktase bayi kurang bulan secara bermakna lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan bayi cukup bulan pada saat lahir. Pada umur 14 dan 28 hari, aktivitas laktase bayi kurang bulan sudah tidak berbeda bermakna dengan perkembangan aktivitas laktase bayi cukup bulan pada umur yang sama. Rerata kadar elastase 1 pankreas bayi kurang bulan secara bermakna lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan bayi cukup bulan pada saat lahir. Pada umur 7 dan 10 hari, kadar elastase 1 pankreas bayi kurang bulan sudah tidak berbeda bermakna dengan perkembangan kadar elastase 1 pankreas bayi cukup bulan. Simpulan Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa aktivitas laktase bayi kurang bulan yang relatif rendah pada saat lahir sudah mencapai perkembangan aktivitas laktase bayi cukup bulan pada umur 14 hari. Kadar elastase 1 pankreas bayi kurang bulan yang relatif rendah pada saat lahir sudah mencapai perkembangan kadar elastase l pankreas bayi cukup bulan pada umur 7 hari.

---

Premature infants are problematic. As they have a high morbidity and mortality rate. In addition, the growth and development of premature infants is often also not as good as that of full term infants. Problems related to digestion can cause failure to thrive and malnutrition. The most common cause of failure to thrive are problems in the digestive system particularly maldigestion, malabsorption and chronic diarrhea. Premature infants with immature digestive systems have low enzyme activity which can cause low digestion and absorption of nutrients which will eventually inhibit their growth. Several digestive enzymes i.e. lactase and pancreatic elastase I will be studied. Lactase is a digestive enzyme that is found in the intestinal viii and it hydrolyzes lactose which is the main carbohydrate in milk. Pancreatic elastase 1 is produced by the pancreas and is the enzyme that breaks down protein. Will the low enzyme activity of premature infants at birth be able to reach the level of activity of full term infants? This research tries to answer that question. Methodology A prospective observational analytical study was carried out on 25 premature infants and 22 full term infants in Budi Kemuliaan Maternity Hospital over the period August 2003 to July 2004. Lactase activity was examined at age 1, 14 and 28 days. An examination of the concentration of pancreatic elastase I was done at age 1, 7, and 10 days, Lactase activity is expressed in a ratio of excretion of lactulosa and lactose. The study of lactase activity was done by feeding the infants a solution of lactulose and lactose (1:1) after a 2-hour fasting period. Urine samples were then taken. The determination of the concentration of lactulose and lactose in the urine was carried out using high performance liquid chromatography. The concentration of pancreatic elastase 1 in the stool was measured using the Elisa method. Results The average lactase activity in premature infants is significantly lower compared to that of full-term infants at the time of birth. At age 14 and 28 days, the lactase activity of premature infants is not significantly different from that of full-term infants of the same age. The average concentration of pancreatic elastase 1 of premature infants is significantly lower than that of full-term infants at birth. However, at age 7 and 10 days, the difference in concentration of pancreatic elastase 1 in premature infants and that of full term infants is not significant any more. Conclusion This study shows that the activity of lactase in premature infants which is relatively low at birth, will reach the development of lactase activity of full term infants of the same age at age 14 days. Whereas, the concentration of pancreatic Elastase 1 of premature infants, which is relatively low at birth, will reach the development of pancreatic elastase I concentration of full term infants of the same age at age 7 days.