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Abstrak :
Pre-hipertensi adalah suatu keadaan dimana tekanan darah sistolik 120-139 mmHg dan tekanan darah diastolik 80-89 mmHg, diperkenalkan tidak sebagai katagorisasi penyakit tetapi untuk mengidentifikasi individu yang sangat berisiko hipertensi dan penyakit kardiovaskular. Praktik kesehatan keluarga adalah upaya yang dilakukan keluarga untuk memelihara dan meningkatkan status kesehatan keluarga, khususnya dalam pencegahan prehipertensi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik individu, koping individu dan praktik kesehatan keluarga dengan kejadian prehipertensi pada usia dewasa. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 107 orang yang diambil melalui teknik cluster sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara karakteristik individu, koping individu dan praktik kesehatan keluarga dengan kejadian prehipertensi. Faktor yang paling dominan mempengaruhi prehipertensi adalah Indeks massa tubuh (OR= 29,4). Hasil ini merekomendasikan perawat untuk memberikan pendidikan kesehatan kepada seluruh penderita prehipertensi untuk melakukan perubahan gaya hidup agar tidak menderita hipertensi dan penyakit kardiovaskuler dimasa akan datang. ......Prehypertension is a state where blood pressure sistolic 120-139 mmHg and diastolic 80-89 mmHG. It is not a catagorical of disease but for indicating individual that has higher risk of hypertension and cardiovasculer diseases. Family health practices are effort that was done by family to maintain and promote family health. Especially in the prevention of prehypertension. The research aims to determinan assosiation of individual characteristics, individual copyng and family health practices with prehypertension at aged adults. The research design used observational descriptive design with cross sectional approach. Total sample of 107 people were taken by using a cluster sampling technique. The results showed that body mass index (OR =29,4) was the highest factor that impact prehypertension case. The result recommended nurses to give health education to all of prehypertension adults to change life style to prevent hypertension and cardiovasculer diseases in the future.

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Penelitian uji klinis paralel single blind ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh air kelapa muda 300 ml dua kali per hari selama 14 hari berturut-turut terhadap kadar kalium plasma dan tekanan darah guru perempuan dan karyawati prahipertensi usia 25-44 tahun. Sejumlah 32 subyek dipilih dengan kriteria tertentu dan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok dengan cara randomisasi blok, 16 orang masuk kelompok perlakuan (P) dan 16 orang masuk kelompok kontrol (K). Kelompok P mendapat air kelapa muda disertai penyuluhan gizi dan kelompok K mendapat air putih disertai penyuluhan gizi. Data yang diambil meliputi usia, aktivitas fisik, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), asupan energi dan kalium, kadar kalium plasma, dan tekanan darah. Pemeriksaan kadar kalium plasma dilakukan pada H0 dan H+15, sedangkan pengukuran tekanan darah dilakukan pada H0, H+8, dan H+15. Analisis data menggunakan uji t dan uji Mann-Whitney dengan batas kemaknaan 5%. Analisis lengkap dilakukan pada 31 orang subyek (15 subyek kelompok P dan 16 subyek kelompok K). Rerata usia subyek penelitian 36,58±5,39 tahun dan rerata IMT 24,59±2,89 kg/m2. Sebagian besar subyek (93,55%) tergolong indeks aktivitas fisik di bawah rata-rata. Rerata kadar kalium plasma 3,71±0,41 mmol/L, dan sebanyak 7 orang subyek (22,58%) tergolong hipokalemia. Rerata tekanan darah sistolik/ tekanan darah diastolik (TDS/ TDD) 125,87±6,36 mm Hg/ 79,84±4,11 mm Hg. Pada awal penelitian karakteristik data dasar kedua kelompok dalam keadaan sebanding. Persentase asupan energi dibandingkan kebutuhan energi total pada minggu 0, 1, dan 2 pada kedua kelompok tidak berbeda signifikan. Rerata asupan kalium subyek tergolong rendah (1420,28±405,54 mg/hari) atau sekitar 30,22±8,63% dari AKG. Selama perlakuan, didapatkan peningkatan signifikan asupan kalium kelompok P. Pada kedua kelompok didapatkan peningkatan kadar kalium plasma dan penurunan tekanan darah yang lebih besar pada kelompok P, namun tidak berbeda signifikan (p >0,05). Pada penelitian ini belum dapat dibuktikan bahwa air kelapa muda 300 ml dua kali per hari selama 14 hari berturut-turut dapat meningkatkan kadar kalium plasma dan menurunkan TDS dan TDD ......The study is a parallel single blind randomized clinical trial aims to investigate the effect of tender coconut water 300 ml twice daily for 14 days on plasma potassium level and blood pressure in female teachers and employees prehypertension aged 25-44 years. A total of 32 subjects were selected using certain criteria and randomly allocated to one of two groups using block randomized, 16 subjects each. The treatment (T) group received tender coconut water 300 ml twice daily for 14 days and nutritional counseling, and the control (C) group received water 300 ml twice daily for 14 days and nutritional counseling. Data collected in this study consisted of age, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), intake of energy and potassium, plasma potassium level and blood pressure. Assessment of plasma potassium level were done on day 0 and day 15, while blood pressure were assessed on day 0, day 8, and day 15. Statistical analysis were done using t-test and Mann-Whitney with significance level was 5%. Complete analysis was done on 31 subjects (15 subjects of T group and 16 subjects of C group). The mean age was 36.58±5.39 years, mean BMI was 24.59±2.89 kg/m2, and 93.55% subjects had physical activity index score below the average. Plasma potassium level was 3.71±0.41 mmol/L, and 7 subjects (22.58%) was hypokalemia. Mean systolic and dyastolic BP was 125.87±6.36 mm Hg and 79.84±4.11 mm Hg, respectively. The data characteristics of the two groups at baseline were closely matched. Percentage of energy intake compared to the total energy requirement at weeks 0, 1, 2 between the two groups were not significantly different. Mean dietary intakes of potassium were 1420.28±405.54 mg/day or only 30.22±8.63% compared to Indonesian Recommended Dietary Allowance 2004. During treatment period, potassium intake increased significantly in the T group. There were increased plasma potassium level and decreased blood pressure in both groups, which were greater in the T group, but not statistically significant different (p >0.05). This study has not proven yet that tender coconut water 300 ml twice daily for 14 days increase plasma potassium level and decrease systolic and dyastolic BP

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ABSTRAK
Prehipertensi pada remaja berperan penting terhadap peningkatan risiko kejadian hipertensi pada masa dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dan dominan terhadap prehipertensi pada remaja usia 14-17 tahun di SMA Al-Azhar 3 Jakarta berdasarkan jenis kelamin, riwayat hipertensi keluarga, status gizi IMT/U , aktivitas fisik, asupan natrium, durasi tidur, dan kebiasaan merokok. Desain penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional dengan melibatkan 142 responden kelas X dan XI. Instrumen yang digunakan, yaitu kuesioner, sfigmomanometer merkuri dan stetoskop, timbangan digital, dan microtoice. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi prehipertensi sebanyak 40,8 . Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna pada variabel jenis kelamin, riwayat hipertensi keluarga, status gizi IMT/U , asupan natrium, dan durasi tidur. Status gizi IMT/U terutama status gizi gemuk merupakan faktor dominan kejadian prahipertensi dengan odds ratio sebesar 5,998. Dianjurkan untuk penelitian selanjutnya menggunakan desain penelitian yang berbeda, sampel yang lebih banyak, dan variabel lainnya yang belum pernah diteliti pada penelitian yang serupa.

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ABSTRAK
Prehypertension among adolescenses plays important role on raising the risk of hypertension among adults. The purpose of this study is to know the related and dominant factors of prehypertension among 14 17 years old adolescence in SMA Al Azhar 3 Jakarta based on sex, family history of hypertension, nutritional status BMI , physical activiy, sodium intake, and sleep duration, and smoking habit. This study used cross sectional design. Total of 142 respondents from grade X and XI were included in this study. Instruments used are questionnaires, mercury sfigmomanometer, stethoscope, digital scales, and microtoice The result of study shows that prehypertension prevalence is 40.8 . There is significant correlation in sex, family history of hypertension, nutritional status BMI , sodium intake, and sleep duration. Nutritional status BMI , especially overweight, is the dominant factor of prehypertension with odds rasio of 5.998. It is suggested to measure other variables that have not been measured in similiar research.

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ABSTRAK
Pengukuran tekanan darah menjadi sangat penting, karena banyak kasusnya yang tidak terdeteksi sehingga pengukuran tekanan darah secara rutin. Kasus pre hipertensi pada remaja cukup tinggi berdasarkan hasil dari Riskesdas tahun 2013 yaitu sebesar 5,3 . Diperlukan pengukuran pengganti yang akurat dan mudah sebagai pengganti alat pengukur tekanan darah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui ukuran pengganti yang memiliki korelasi dan validitas optimal untuk mendeteksi kasus pre hipertensi pada siswa-siswi SMA Islam Al-Azhar 3 Jakarta berserta cut-off point nya. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan teknik pengambilan sampel metode stratified random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 180 siswa dan siswi kelas X dan XI yang terdiri dari 109 laki-laki dan 71 perempuan. Kesimpulannya IMT menurut umur menjadi ukuran antropometri pengganti terbaik untuk memprediksi prehipertensi pada remaja remaja dengan cut off point yang dapat digunakan yaitu 0,880 SD untuk remaja laki-laki dan 0,325 SD untuk perempuan.

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ABSTRACT
Blood pressure measurement becomes very important, because many cases are not detected so that the blood pressure measurement routinely. Pre hypertensive cases in adolescents are quite high based on the results of Riskesdas in 2013 of 5.3 . An accurate and easy replacement measurement is needed instead of a blood pressure measuring device. The purpose of this research is to know the size of the substitution that has the correlation and the optimal validity to detect pre hypertension cases in the Islamic high school students of Al Azhar 3 Jakarta along with its cut off point. The research design was cross sectional with stratified random sampling method. The study was conducted on 180 students and students of class X and XI consisting of 109 men and 71 women. The IMT conclusion by age has been the best anthropometric replacement measure for predicting prehypertension in adolescent adolescents with cut off points that can be used ie 0.880 SD for male adolescents and 0.325 SD for women.

Abstrak :
Background: Each kidney injury may develop into chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) that associates with high mortality and socio-economic burden. There is limited data about clinical characteristics of children having CKD in developing countries, espesially in Indonesia. Objective: To describe clinical profiles and characteristics of kidney diseases in adolescents aged 15-18 years. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study which used data from National Basic Health Survey (Riskesdas) 2013. There were 2 data groups. The first data group included questionnaires about history of kidney stone disease, hypertension, chronic renal failure, antihypertension administration, and blood pressure measurement. The second data group included subsamples of the first group which had laboratory test results, i.e. hemoglobin and serum creatinine levels. All of the data were classified by nutritional status, estimated glomerulofiltration rate (eGFR), blood pressure classification, and hemoglobin level. Results: Among 52,454 adolescents in the first data group, 20,537 (39%) had kidney diseases with female predominance and good nutritional status. Other findings found were history of kidney stone disease (0.2%), chronic renal failure (0.1%), history of hypertension (0.6%), antihypertensive agents consumption (0.1%). Prehypertension and hypertension were found in 51% and 48.3% of adolescents, respectively. Adolescents with decreased eGFR were accounted for 1.4%. Conclusion: The proportion of prehypertension and hypertension in adolescents aged 15-18 years in Indonesia is high. Hence, routine blood pressure measurement is important for early detection and prevention of kidney disease progression.

Abstrak :
Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui ukuran pengganti yang memiliki validitas optimum dan mudah diaplikasikan untuk mendeteksi prehipertensi pada siswa/i kelas 10 dan 11 SMA Insan Cendekia Madani Tahun 2017. Design penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan total sampling. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pada laki-laki, RLPP cut off 0,88 (sensitivitas 66,7%, spesifisitas 66,3% ) baik sebagai ukuran pengganti mendeteksi resiko prehipertensi sistolik, persen lemak BIA cut off 21,9% (sensitivitas 64,3%, spesifisitas 60,8%) cukup baik untuk prehipertensi diastolik, dan BIA cut off 21,9% (sensitivitas 63,6%, spesifisitas 62,2%) cukup baik untuk prehipertensi. Pada perempuan, RLPTB cut off 0,46 (sensitivitas 64,3%, spesifisitas 53,2%) cukup baik untuk mendeteksi resiko prehipertensi diastolik dan prehipertensi. ...... This study aims to determine the validity of measurements that has optimum validity in detecting prehypertension. The study design was cross sectional with total sampling of 10th and 11th grade students SMA Insan Cendekia Madani Year 2017. This study concluded that in boys, waist to hip ratio (WHR) cut off 0.88 (sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 66.3%) is a good alternative measurement for detecting systolic prehypertension, while BIA fat percentage cut off 21.9% (sensitivity 64.3%, specificity 60.8%) is fair for diastolic prehypertension, BIA cut off 21.9% (sensitivity 63.6%, specificity 62.2%) is fair for prehypertension. In girls, waist to height ratio (WHtR) cut off 0.46 (64.3% sensitivity, specificity 53.2%) is fair for detecting diastolic prehypertension and prehypertension.

Abstrak :
Diet mengendalikan hipertensi orang Indonesia di Jakarta (dietary approach to stop hypertension for Indonesian at Jakarta, disingkat DASHI-J) dan olahraga jalan cepat dapat mengurangi berat badan dan menurunkan tekanan darah pada pasien prahipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi diet dan olahraga tersebut dengan desain penelitian clinical trial terhadap 100 laki-laki berusia 25 ? 55 tahun di PT Krama Yudha Ratu Motor. Responden dialokasikan secara acak dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan meliputi kelompok diet (A), kelompok olahraga jalan cepat (B), kelompok diet dan olahraga jalan cepat (C), dan kelompok kontrol (D). Kelompok A dan C menerima diet 5 hari dalam seminggu selama 8 minggu. Kelompok diet DASHI-J diberikan makan siang dan makan malam. Setelah 2 bulan intervensi, berat badan, indeks massa tubuh, visceral fat, body fat, lingkar perut, tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik, kolesterol serum dari semua kelompok menurun secara signifikan. Penurunan tertinggi terjadi pada kelompok diet DASHI-J dan olahraga jalan cepat dengan penurunan berat badan 4,18kg, indeks massa tubuh 1,50 kg/m2, tekanan darah 12,00 mmHg/8,60 mmHg. Diet DASHI-J dan olahraga jalan cepat berperan menurunkan berat badan, indeks massa tubuh, serta tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik.

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Dietary approach to stop hypertension for Indonesian at Jakarta (DASHI-J) and brisk walking exercise could reduce body weight and blood pressure of males prehypertension. The objective of the study was to evaluate DASHI-J by an experimental clinical trial conducted with 100 male subjects, aged 25 ? 55 years divided randomly into 4 groups: DASHI-J diet group (A), brisk walking exercise group (B), DASHI-J and brisk walking exercise group (C), and control group (D). Group A and C got 5 days a week for 8 weeks diet. DASHI-J group was given lunch and dinner. After 2 months of intervension, the body weight, body mass index, body fat, visceral fat, waist circumference, systole, diastole, cholesterol serum of the groups all reduce significantly. The highest reduction of those intervention achieved by DASHI-J and brisk walking exercise group with body weight decreased 4.18 kg, Body Mass Index (BMI) 1.50 kg/m2, blood pressure 12.00/8.60 mmHg. This implies that DASHI-J and brisk walking exercise play a significant role in reducing body weight, BMI, and both sistolic and diastolic blood pressure.