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"This essay looks into the novels of two Indonesian women writers, Perempuan Kembang Jepun (Lan Fang 2009) and Dimsum terakhir (Clara Ng 2006), which depict the struggles of the major female characters in negotiating their ?hybrid? identities amidst the pulls from various opposing forces that try to impose and define their identities. Both works were published in the post-New Order Indonesia, where identity politics seems to dominate the political and cultural realms. Both Lan Fang and Clara Ng try to problematize the rigid and monolithic sense of cultural identity that had been inculcated by the previous regime through its aggressive assimilation policy and imposition of the state ideology of unity. The essay aims at examining different strategies employed by both authors in redefining identity through approaches that see identity as a fluid, non-essentialist, and on-going process rather than a given entity or label that can be simply inscribed on individuals."

"The dramatic change in some important aspects of this country after the collapse of New Order Regime, primarily in the political aspect, provided larger opportunity to Indonesian Chinese in constructing their real identity, included to the Indonesian Chinese Muslim. In one hand, Indonesian Chinese Muslim tended to re-strengthen their cultural identity shown by articulating some features of their ethnic identity, and they show more the involvement in developing discourse of national building and the life of majority group by using their Islamic identity in the other hand. At this point, they then could not be categorized as ?peranakan? and ?totok?, the binary category which is often used to refer to the asimilated and unasimilated Chinese into the cultural system practized by the native majority. After the state launched the new regulation of citizenship No. 12/2006, they were then positioned by the state as the ?real? citizen who had the same civil rights before the law as well as the other groups. The implication of this legacy in the social and cultural context is that they then developed the inclusive identity, such as absorbing the categories and features of identity of other group, involved in the activities of majority group, and occupied the same kind of majority group profession, until they felt that those had become part of their own identity. By sharing their identity with non-Muslim Chinese and majority group, they could take a strategic role as cultural mediators, political brokers and bridge builders."

"[ABSTRAK Penyebaran Bahasa Inggris di Indonesia dimulai setelah lengsernya Presiden Republik IndonesiaSoeharto pada zaman Pasca-Orde Baru. Pada saat itu pula, banyak kata-kata atau ungkapan dalam bahasa Inggrisyang mempengaruhi penggunaan bahasa Indonesia di dalam setiap aspek kehidupan, termasuk media massaseperti internet, televisi, radio dan lain sebagainya. Pada akhirnya, bahasa Inggris pun mempengaruhi sebagianbesar orang Indonesia terutama bagi para remaja metropolitan di Jakarta yang bahasa percakapan sehari-harinyabergaya kebarat-baratan. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis ingin menjelaskan bagaimana bahasa Inggris seringkalidisisipkan di dalam percakapan bahasa Indonesia, yang tentunya memiliki tujuan tersendiri. Kita dapatmenjumpai percakapan seperti itu dalam pergaulan kaula muda Jakarta yang mendefinisikan diri mereka sebagaianak gaul. Selain itu, penulis juga akan menjabarkan bagaimana kaula muda ini mengidentifikasi diri merekapada situasi tersebut. Oleh karena itu, pengaruh bahasa Inggris ini dapat terhubung dengan aspek-aspek budayamengenai kehidupan kaula muda Jakarta sejak zaman Soeharto sampai saat ini.ABSTRACT The spread of English in Indonesia began after the President Soeharto?s fall or pasca-Orde Baru (post-

New Order). At that time, many English words affected Indonesian language and bombarded the use of

Indonesian language in every aspect. This includes electronic media such as, the internet, television, radio, etc.

and printed media like newspaper and magazine which become media for the spread of English in Indonesia.

Eventually, this foreign language affects most of Indonesian people, especially the Jakarta metropolitan

teenagers whose daily conversations are really westernized. In this research, I want to explain how English is

frequently asserted in Indonesian language conversations for several reasons. We can find the insertion of

English among Jakarta metropolitan teenagers who identify themselves as gaul (socialized) people. Besides, I

also want to explain how these teenagers identify their identities given this situation that has been a phenomenon

for years. Thus, this can be connected to the cultural aspects that study the Jakarta metropolitan teenagers?

lifestyles in post-authoritarian Soeharto regime in 1998 up to now.;The spread of English in Indonesia began after the President Soeharto?s fall or pasca-Orde Baru (post-

New Order). At that time, many English words affected Indonesian language and bombarded the use of

Indonesian language in every aspect. This includes electronic media such as, the internet, television, radio, etc.

and printed media like newspaper and magazine which become media for the spread of English in Indonesia.

Eventually, this foreign language affects most of Indonesian people, especially the Jakarta metropolitan

teenagers whose daily conversations are really westernized. In this research, I want to explain how English is

frequently asserted in Indonesian language conversations for several reasons. We can find the insertion of

English among Jakarta metropolitan teenagers who identify themselves as gaul (socialized) people. Besides, I

also want to explain how these teenagers identify their identities given this situation that has been a phenomenon

for years. Thus, this can be connected to the cultural aspects that study the Jakarta metropolitan teenagers?

lifestyles in post-authoritarian Soeharto regime in 1998 up to now., The spread of English in Indonesia began after the President Soeharto’s fall or pasca-Orde Baru (post-

New Order). At that time, many English words affected Indonesian language and bombarded the use of

Indonesian language in every aspect. This includes electronic media such as, the internet, television, radio, etc.

and printed media like newspaper and magazine which become media for the spread of English in Indonesia.

Eventually, this foreign language affects most of Indonesian people, especially the Jakarta metropolitan

teenagers whose daily conversations are really westernized. In this research, I want to explain how English is

frequently asserted in Indonesian language conversations for several reasons. We can find the insertion of

English among Jakarta metropolitan teenagers who identify themselves as gaul (socialized) people. Besides, I

also want to explain how these teenagers identify their identities given this situation that has been a phenomenon

for years. Thus, this can be connected to the cultural aspects that study the Jakarta metropolitan teenagers’

lifestyles in post-authoritarian Soeharto regime in 1998 up to now.]"