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Abstrak :
"Pitt Ford's Problem-based Learning in Endodontics combines the theory and practice of endodontics, providing the reader with information that is both clinically relevant to everyday practice and also evidence based. It includes a wealth of cases that span topics such as the maintenance of a vital pulp, root canal treatment, surgical endodontics and trauma. Each case is accompanied by full colour photographs and/​or radiographs that illustrate the key stages in diagnosis, treatment planning, treatment and prognosis. In addition, the detailed commentry provides information on viable alternative treatment strategies, rationale (biologic considerations) for the treatment described, evaluation of the current evidence for/​against the course of treatment and finally the prognosis. The book allows the reader to apply their existing knowledge to a range of clinical scenarios and to gain new knowledge and apply it to further clinical situations. In addition the reader will be encouraged to transfer knowledge and diagnostic skills from one problem to another and guided to improve their self-directed learning and reflective skills. Over 60 clinical cases Evidence-based Richly illustrated in full colour throughout Unique problem-solving approach International list of contributors"--Provided by publisher.

Abstrak :
Telah dilakukan pembuatan keramik porselin dengan menggunakan bahan baku lokal dengan komposisi: 35% feldspar, 35% kaolin dan 30% silika (berat) serta ditambahkan 0 - 40% Al203 (dari berat total). Proses pembentukan dilakukan dengan menggiling bahan baku menggunakan ball mill hingga lolos ayakan 200 mesh, dicetak tekan sebesar 200 kg/cm2 dan selanjutnya disinter pada suhu: 1300, 1350, 1400, 1450, dan 1500°C. Identifikasi fasa yang terbentuk diamati dengan menggunakan XRD. Sifat fisis dan mekanik yang diamati antara lain: porositas, densitas, koefisien ekspansi termal, kekuatan dielektrik, resistivitas, kekuatan patah dan kekerasan. Hasil identifikasi fasa dari keramik dengan menggunakan XRD menunjukan bahwa suhu sintering 1300°C terdiri dari mullite sebagai fasa dominan, quartz dan corundum sebagai fasa minor. Pada suhu 1400°C, fasa dominan adalah mullite dan fasa minor adalah corundum. Sedangkan keramik yang disinter pada suhu 1500°C hanya terbentuk fasa mullite. Hasil pengukuran menunjukan bahwa porositas keramik lebih kecil dari 0,65%, densitas dengan interval 2,34 -- 2,56 g/cm3, dan koefisien ekspansi termal (4,13 - 5,92) x 10 -8 °C -1. Kekuatan patah, kekerasan dan kekuatan dielektrik dari keramik berkisar antara: 76,7 -- 96,7 MPa, 399 - 873 kg/mm2 (Hv) dan 6,64 - 8,95 kV/mm. Resistivitas yang diperoleh pada suhu pengukuran 250 °C dan suhu sintering 1400°C adalah sebagai berikut: 1,85 x 10 8 Ώ-cm pada 0% Al203; 9,98 x 10 8 Ώ-cm pada 10% Al203; 12,3 x 10 8 Ώ-cm pada 20% Al203; 6,64 x 10 8 Ώ-cm pada 30% Al203; dan 4,95 x 10 8 Ώ-cm pada 40% Al203. Ternyata pengaruh penambahan Al203 dan suhu sintering cenderung menghasilkan resistivitas semakin rendah.

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Porcelain ceramic with the composition of 35 wt.% feldspar, 35 wt.% kaolin and 30 wt.% quartz and also 0 -- 40 wt.% AI203 as additive have been produced by using local raw materials. The raw materials were ball milled, screened trough 200 mesh, pressed for about 200 kg/cm2 and then sintered at temperature of 1300, 1350, 1400, 1450, and 1500°C. The phase identification was analyzed by using of XRD. The physical and mechanical properties such as porosity, density, coefficient of thermal expansion, dielectric strength, resistivity, bending strength and hardness were measured. The XRD result indicates that the ceramic, which is sintered at temperature 1300°C, consists of mullite as dominant phase, quartz and corundum as minor phase. The 1400°C sintered ceramic consist of mullite as dominant phase and corundum as minor phase. The ceramic, which is sintered at temperature 1500oC, consists of the mullite phase. The experimental results show that the porosity of the ceramics is less than 0.65%, the density is in the range of 2.34 - 2.56 glcm3 and the coefficient of thermal expansion is (4.13 - 5.92) x 10 -6 °C-1. The bending strength, hardness and dielectric strength of the ceramic are in the range of 76.7 --96.7 MPa, 399 - 873 kgflmm2 (Hv) and 6.64 - 8.95 kVlmm respectively. The resistivity for measuring temperature at 250°C and sintering temperature at 1400°C are: 1.85 x 10 8 Ώ-cm, 9.98 x 10 8 Ώ-cm, 12.3 x 10 8 Ώ-cm, 6.64 x 10 8 Ώ-cm, and 4.95 x 10 8 Ώ-cm for 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of Al203 addition respectively. In conclusion, the addition of Al203 and sintering temperature tend to decrease resistivity value of the ceramic.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini mencoba mengidentifikasi variasi tipologi serta kronologi terhadap temuan-temuan pecahan keramik pada situs Teluk Kijing. Situs ini dipilih karena lokasinya yang terletak di patahan Sungai Musi merupakan jejak jalur perdagangan yang prominen pada masa Sriwijaya. Selain itu artefak-artefak yang diperoleh dari ekskavasi pada tahun 2006 silam mengindikasikan kronologi relasi yang panjang dari abad 9 sampai 19 M. Hasil analisis tipologi yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini menemukan 12 tipe bentuk keramik berbahan stoneware dan porselen, 10 tipe warna glasir, juga 12 tipe ragam hias. Namun terdapat pula artefak yang tidak berhasil dianalisa secara bentuk dan asalnya. ......This research tries to identify various typology along with chronology of ceramic postsherds from the site Teluk Kijing. The site was chosen since its location that lies next to the steep curve of Musi River was a prominent trading route imprint from the Srivijaya era. Furthermore the collected artifacts from the 2006 excavation indicate a long period of chronological relations as far back as 9 AD to 19 AD. The results of typological analysis from this research found 12 types of ceramic shapes from stoneware to porcelain, 10 types of colored glazes, and also 12 types of different ornamental decorations. However there are also artifacts that were unsuccessful to be analyzed in a manner of its shape and origin.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Restorasi estetik Porcelain laminate veneer PLV menggunakan semen resin sebagai bahan adhesif pada permukaan gigi. Salah satu faktor keberhasilannya adalah kesesuaian warna PLV dengan gigi yang ada, dimana semen menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi. Kontroversi dari hasil penelitian beberapa literatur serta fenomena klinis menemukan terjadinya perubahan warna PLV sesaat maupun setelah jangka panjang penggunaan semen resin light dan dual cure. Namun penelitian tersebut menggunakan warna semen serta ketebalan dan warna PLV yang berbeda-beda. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi perubahan warna PLV yang disementasi dengan semen resin light dan dual cure dengan warna semen, ketebalan dan warna PLV yang sama. Metode: 12 PLV IPS Emax 0.5mm, di sementasi dengan semen resin light dan dual cure warna translusen pada model. Perubahan warna PLV setelah sementasi 0 dan 24 jam dievaluasi menggunakan spektrofotometer. Hasil: ?E PLV dengan semen resin light dan dual cure antara 0 dengan 24 jam menunjukkan perubahan warna, namun tidak bermakna p>0.05 . Perubahan terbesar terjadi pada PLV dengan semen resin dual cure. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara PLV yang disementasi dengan semen resin light dan dual cure setelah 24 jam p>0.05 . Kesimpulan: Ditemukan perubahan warna pada sementasi PLV dengan semen resin light dan dual cure namun masih dapat diterima secara klinis dan estetik.

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ABSTRACT Background Esthetic Porcelain laminate veneer PLV restoration uses resin cements as the adhesive to bond to tooth. PLV rsquo s significant esthetic factor is color match of itself to existing dentition, where cement is one of influencing factors. Controversy of previous studies in literatures and clinical phenomenon found that PLV rsquo s color may change right after cementation using light and dual cure resin cement and after a long term. Nevertheless, those were found using several cement colors on different thickness and colors of PLV. Objectives To evaluate color change of same thickness and color of PLV, cemented with same color light and dual cure resin cement. Methods 12 PLV IPS Emax 0.5mm cemented to models with translucent light and dual cured resin cements. Color change at 0 and 24 hours post cementation were evaluated using spectrophotometer. Result E PLV cemented with light and dual cure resin cements from 0 to 24 hours revealed color difference, however statistically insignificant P 0.05 . PLV with dual cure resin cement has the highest E. There is insignificant difference between E of light and dual cure after 24 hours p 0.05 . Conclusion Color changes of PLV cemented with light and dual cure resin cement are within clinically and esthetically acceptable.