Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Praktek Kerja Profesi Apoteker dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jl. Pangeran Diponegoro Nomor 71, Jakarta Pusat dari tanggal 2 Agustus hingga 28 September 2018. Kegiatan PKPA bertujuan agar mahasiswa memahami tugas dan tanggung jawab apoteker di rumah sakit melakukan praktek pelayanan kefarmasian sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku, dan meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan, serta pengalaman praktis untuk melakukan praktek kefarmasian di Rumah Sakit. Kegiatan yang dilakukan selama PKPA yaitu: Pengelolaan sediaan farmasi, alat kesehatan dan bahan medis habis pakai (BMHP) meliputi pemilihan, perencanaan kebutuhan, pengadaan, penerimaan, penyimpanan, pendistribusian, pengendalian, pemusnahan dan penarikan, serta administrasi; dan dalam kegiatan pelayanan farmasi klinik yang meliputi pengkajian dan pelayanan resep, riwayat penggunaan obat, rekonsiliasi obat, pelayanan informasi obat (PIO), konseling, visit, pemantauan terapi obat (PTO), evaluasi penggunaan obat (EPO), dan monitoring efek samping obat (MESO). Selain itu, memahami peran dan tugas di unit produksi dan aseptik dispensing dan Instalasi sterilisasi Pusat. Tugas khusus yang diberikan berjudul pemantauan terapi obat pada pasien anak pneumonia nosokomial di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Tujuan dari tugas khusus agar mahasiswa mampu memahami tugas dan tanggung jawab apoteker dalam praktek pemantauan terapi obat (PTO), mengetahui kerasionalan terapi pada pasien pneumonia nosokomial selama perawatan, dan menganalisis masalah terkait obat yang terjadi pada pasien selama dirawat di ruang rawat inap Gedung A RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo.

---

Pharmacist internship working program at the National Center General Hospital Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo on Pangeran Diponegoro Street Number 71, Central Jakarta from August 2 to September 28 2018. The purpose of internship working program aims to understand the duties and responsibilities of pharmacist in hospitals to practice pharmacy services in accordance with applicable regulations, and improve knowledge, skills, and practical experience to practice pharmacy at the Hospital. Activities carried out during pharmacist internship are Management of pharmaceutical preparations, medical devices and consumable medical materials covering the selection, planning of needs, procurement, receipt, storage, distribution, control, extermination, and administration; and in clinical pharmacy service activities which include assessment and prescription services, medical history taking, drug reconciliation, drug information services, counseling, visite, therapeutic drug monitoring, evaluation of drug use, and monitoring of drug side effects. In addition, understanding the roles and tasks in the production and aseptic dispensing units and the Central Sterilization Installation. Special assignment given was entitled monitoring drug therapy in pediatric nosocomial pneumonia patients at Dr. RSUPN. Cipto Mangunkusumo. The purpose of this special assignment is that students are able to understand the duties and responsibilities of pharmacists in the practice of therapeutic drug monitoring, know the therapeutic rationality of nosocomial pneumonia patients during treatment, and analyze drug-related problems that occur in patients while being treated in the inpatient building Building A RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo.

"

"[ABSTRAKPenghambat pompa proton (PPP) adalah salah satu contoh obat yang digunakan secara luas di dunia. Efikasi dan profil keamanan yang baik dari PPP berperan dalam terjadinya peresepan berlebihan di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan. Data terkini menunjukan bahwa PPP berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko pneumonia nosokomial. Penggunaan PPP intravena yang tidak tepat telah berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan total biaya kesehatan serta mengurangi ketersediaan obat. Penelitian retrospektif observasional ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa total konsumsi PPP, total penggunaan sediaan PPP intravena, ketepatan penggunaan sediaan PPP intravena, ketepatan frekuensi penggunaan PPP, dan kejadian pneumonia nosokomial yang berhubungan dengan obat ini. Data diambil dari rekam medik pasien yang masuk ruang rawat inap Ilmu Penyakit Dalam RSCM selama periode Oktober hingga Desember 2014. Pada penelitian ini, dari 210 pasien yang dievaluasi, terdapat 166 pasien (79%) menggunakan PPP, frekuensi ini lebih tinggi dari yang ditemukan pada rumah sakit di US (40-70%) dan di China (42%). Total konsumsi tercatat sebesar 194.31 defined daily dose (DDD)/ 100 bed-days, jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan yang ditemukan di Irlandia dan India (56.73 dan 128 DDD/ 100 bed-days). Sediaan intravena diberikan pada 87.35% pasien dan hanya 34.48% pasien memiliki indikasi yang tepat. Frekuensi penggunaan diberikan tanpa diturunkan pada beberapa pasien. Persentase pneumonia nosokomial tujuh hingga delapan kali lipat lebih tinggi pada kelompok PPP dibandingkan kelompok non-PPP. Namun, peranan beberapa faktor risiko terhadap terjadinya pneumonia nosokomial tidak dapat disingkirkan.

---

ABSTRACTProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most widely used drugs in the world. The favorable efficacy and safety profile of these drugs has led to their over prescriptions in health care facilities. Recent data, however, has shown that the use of PPIs was associated with the increased risk of nosocomial pneumonia. Inappropriate use of intravenous PPIs has contributed to the increasing of total health cost and also decreasing the source of drugs. This retrospective, observational study was aimed to analyze the total consumption of PPIs, the total use of intravenous PPIs preparations, the appropriateness use of intravenous PPIs preparations, the appropriateness of the frequency of PPIs adminstration, and the occurance of nosocomial pneumonia related to PPIs use. Data were obtained from medical records of patients who came to Internal Medicine Ward RSCM during the period of October to Desember 2014. In this study, out of 210 patients evaluated, 166 patients (79%) used PPIs, the frequency is higher than those in hospitals in the US (40 to 70%) and in China (42%). The total consumption of PPIs was 194.31 defined daily dose (DDD)/ 100 bed-days, which is much higher compared to those in Ireland and India (56.73 and 128 DDD/ 100 bed-days). Intravenous preparations were admistered to 87.35% of patients, among which only 34.48% had been given for appropriate indications. There are no reduced of frequent used in some patients. The frequency of nosocomial pneumonia was seven to eight times higher among patients treated with PPIs compared to those without PPIs. However, the role of some risk factors that may contribute the occurance of nosocomial pneumonia cannot be ruled out.;Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most widely used drugs in the world. The favorable efficacy and safety profile of these drugs has led to their over prescriptions in health care facilities. Recent data, however, has shown that the use of PPIs was associated with the increased risk of nosocomial pneumonia. Inappropriate use of intravenous PPIs has contributed to the increasing of total health cost and also decreasing the source of drugs. This retrospective, observational study was aimed to analyze the total consumption of PPIs, the total use of intravenous PPIs preparations, the appropriateness use of intravenous PPIs preparations, the appropriateness of the frequency of PPIs adminstration, and the occurance of nosocomial pneumonia related to PPIs use. Data were obtained from medical records of patients who came to Internal Medicine Ward RSCM during the period of October to Desember 2014. In this study, out of 210 patients evaluated, 166 patients (79%) used PPIs, the frequency is higher than those in hospitals in the US (40 to 70%) and in China (42%). The total consumption of PPIs was 194.31 defined daily dose (DDD)/ 100 bed-days, which is much higher compared to those in Ireland and India (56.73 and 128 DDD/ 100 bed-days). Intravenous preparations were admistered to 87.35% of patients, among which only 34.48% had been given for appropriate indications. There are no reduced of frequent used in some patients. The frequency of nosocomial pneumonia was seven to eight times higher among patients treated with PPIs compared to those without PPIs. However, the role of some risk factors that may contribute the occurance of nosocomial pneumonia cannot be ruled out., Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most widely used drugs in the world. The favorable efficacy and safety profile of these drugs has led to their over prescriptions in health care facilities. Recent data, however, has shown that the use of PPIs was associated with the increased risk of nosocomial pneumonia. Inappropriate use of intravenous PPIs has contributed to the increasing of total health cost and also decreasing the source of drugs. This retrospective, observational study was aimed to analyze the total consumption of PPIs, the total use of intravenous PPIs preparations, the appropriateness use of intravenous PPIs preparations, the appropriateness of the frequency of PPIs adminstration, and the occurance of nosocomial pneumonia related to PPIs use. Data were obtained from medical records of patients who came to Internal Medicine Ward RSCM during the period of October to Desember 2014. In this study, out of 210 patients evaluated, 166 patients (79%) used PPIs, the frequency is higher than those in hospitals in the US (40 to 70%) and in China (42%). The total consumption of PPIs was 194.31 defined daily dose (DDD)/ 100 bed-days, which is much higher compared to those in Ireland and India (56.73 and 128 DDD/ 100 bed-days). Intravenous preparations were admistered to 87.35% of patients, among which only 34.48% had been given for appropriate indications. There are no reduced of frequent used in some patients. The frequency of nosocomial pneumonia was seven to eight times higher among patients treated with PPIs compared to those without PPIs. However, the role of some risk factors that may contribute the occurance of nosocomial pneumonia cannot be ruled out.]"

"Latar Belakang. Pneumonia nosokomial adalah infeksi paru yang terjadi setelah pasien dirawat di rumah sakit setelah lebih dari 48 jam, tanpa adanya tanda dari infeksi paru pada saat perawatan. Jika dibandingkan dengan individu usia muda, pada individu usia lanjut lebih sering didapatkan adanya penyakit infeksi yang bersumber dari komunitas dan nosokomial dengan hasil akhir yang lebih buruk. Penilaian domain Pengkajian Paripurna Pasien Geriatri (P3G) diharapkan dapat menjelaskan faktor yang berperan terhadap pneumonia nosokomial pada pasien usia lanjut. Tujuan. Mengetahui proporsi pasien usia lanjut yang dirawat di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo dan mengalami pneumonia nosokomial dan apakah domain P3G merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian pneumonia nosokomial. Metode. Kohort retrospektif dengan melihat rekam medis pasien usia ≥ 60 tahun yang menjalani rawat inap dalam rentang waktu Januari-September 2019 di ruang rawat medis Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Geriatri RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo dan mengambil data sekunder dari penelitian divisi geriatri. Sampel yang diambil adalah pasien yang dirawat inap dengan usia ≥ 60 tahun yang mengalami pneumonia nosokomial. Pengolahan data menggunakan aplikasi Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) 16.0. Hasil. Dari 228 subjek, proporsi pneumonia nosokomial pada pasien usia lanjut yang menjalani rawat inap adalah 31,14%. Rerata usia adalah 69 tahun dengan rentang usia subjek antara 60-89 tahun. Status nutrisi (RO 2,226, IK95% 1,027-4,827) dan status fungsional (RO 3,578, IK95% 1,398-9,161) merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian pneumonia nosokomial pada pasien usia lanjut yang menjalani rawat inap di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Simpulan. Proporsi pasien usia lanjut yang mengalami pneumonia nosokomial adalah 31,14%. Status nutrisi dan status fungsional merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian pneumonia nosokomial pada pasien usia lanjut yang dirawat di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo.

---

Background. Nosocomial pneumonia is a lung infection that occurs after the patient is hospitalized for more than 48 hours, without any signs of pulmonary infection at the time of treatment. When compared with young individuals, elderly individuals are more likely to have community-sourced and nosocomial infections with worse outcomes. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) domains are expected to explain the factors that contribute to nosocomial pneumonia in elderly patients.

Objective. To determine the proportion of elderly treated at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital and experienced nosocomial pneumonia and whether the CGA domains influence nosocomial pneumonia.

Methods. A retrospective cohort by looking at the medical records of patients aged 60 years or older who were hospitalized in the medical ward of Geriatric Internal Medicine at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusomo National Central General Hospital in January-September 2019 and taking secondary data from the geriatric division research. The samples were taken from hospitalized patients aged 60 years or older who had nosocomial pneumonia. Data processing using the application of Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) 16.

Result. From 228 subjects, the proportion of nosocomial pneumonia in elderly patients who were hospitalized was 31,14%. The mean age was 69 years with the subject's age range between 60-89 years. Nutritional status (OR 2.226, CI 95% 1.027-4.827) and functional status (OR 3.578, 95% CI 1.398-9.161) are factors that influence the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia in elderly patients who are hospitalized at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital.

Conclusion. The proportion of elderly patients with nosocomial pneumonia was 31.14%. Nutritional status and functional status are factors that influence the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia in elderly patients who are hospitalized at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital."

"ABSTRAKPendahuluan Infeksi pneumonia nosokomial (PN) merupakan masalah utama di negara berkembang terutama pada pasien yang menjalani bedah jantung dan mendapat perawatan di intensive care unit (ICU). Aspirasi mikroorganisme dari kolonisasi rongga mulut merupakan salah satu faktor risiko PN yang perlu diperhatikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dapat tidaknya kondisi rongga mulut menjadi prediktor terjadinya PN. Metode Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kohort prospektif. Subjek penelitian merupakan pasien bedah jantung elektif. Kondisi rongga mulut diwakili oleh oral hygiene index - simplified (OHI-S), decay missing filled - teeth (DMF-T) serta laju aliran saliva tanpa stimulasi (LASTS) diukur pada prabedah dan pascabedah. Terjadinya PN dinilai melalui dua parameter diagnosis yaitu clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) dan PN yang didiagnosis berdasarkan pengkajian klinis dokter (diagnosis klinis PN). Hasil Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 35 subyek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi selama Desember 2012 hingga Maret 2013. Hasil analisis statistik tidak menunjukkan kemaknaan hubungan antara OHI-S, DMF-T, LASTS dengan CPIS(p=0,420; p=0,268; p=0,949). Demikian pula dengan OHI-S, DMF-T tidak terbukti mempunyai hubungan dengan diagnosis klinis PN (p=0,484; p=0,656). Namun, LASTS mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan diagnosis klinis PN (p=0,017). Rerata LASTS pascabedah mengalami penurunan bermakna dibandingkan dengan prabedah (p=0,000). Kesimpulan Dalam penelitian ini, kondisi rongga mulut belum dapat terbukti sebagai prediktor terjadinya PN walaupun terdapat hubungan antara LASTS dengan PN yang didiagnosis melalui pengkajian klinis dokter.

---

ABSTRACTIntroduction Nosocomial pneumonia (NP) is a major problem in developing countries, particularly in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and who received treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU). Aspiration of oral microorganism colonization is one of the substantial risk factors. The aim of this study was to determine whether the condition of the oral cavity can be a predictor of NP. Methods A cohort prospective study was performed in this study. Subjects are elective cardiac surgery patients. Oral conditions examination defined by oral hygiene index ? simplified (OHI-S), decay missing filled - teeth (DMF-T) and unstimulated salivary flow rate (SFR) was implemented pre-surgery and post-surgery. Diagnosis of NP was evaluated through two parameters. There were clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) and clinical assessment of NP. Results There were 35 subjects participating in this study who meet inclusion criteria since December, 2012 to March, 2013. Statistic analyses have not been able to confirm the link between OHI-S, DMF-T, SFR to CPIS (p=0.420; p=0.268; p=0.949). Similarly, relation of OHI-S, DMF-T and clinical NP has not proven (p=0.484; p=0.656). However, SFR was significantly related to clinical assessment of NP (p=0.017). The mean of post-surgery SFR was remarkably lower than pre-surgery (p=0.000). Conclusions In this study, the oral conditions have not been shown to be predictors of the occurrence of PN although there is a link between SFR and clinical assessment of NP."