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Abstrak :
Latar Belakang : Sefalometri lateral merupakan pemeriksaan radiograf penunjang yang menjadi standar utama dalam mengetahui kelainan kompleks kraniofasial anak terutama pada kelainan pola skeletal serta menegakkan diagnosis dan penentuan rencana perawatan. Sefalometri memiliki efek paparan radiasi yang kumulatif dan dapat menginduksi kematian sel sehingga dapat merusak fungsi organ. Sekarang ini, terdapat pergeseran paradigma tujuan perawatan ortodontik yang lebih mengutamakan penilaian jaringan lunak. Fotometri lateral telah digunakan sebagai alat diagnostik non-invasif dan dapat memprediksi nilai keselarasan skeletal. Analisis fotometri dinilai lebih efektif, andal, dan ekonomis dalam menilai morfologi kraniofasial profil wajah. Tujuan : Menganalisa perbedaan jarak dan sudut radiografi sefalometri terhadap fotometri lateral pada anak dengan maturasi vertebra servikal tahap dua dan tiga ras Deutro Melayu sebagai landasan dalam penentuan diagnosis dan rencana perawatan. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian potong lintang dengan total subyek 38 anak dengan CVS 2 – CVS 3 ras Deutro Melayu. Pengambilan radiograf sefalometri lateral dan fotometri lateral serta dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi perangkat lunak (Webceph). Hasil : Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara sudut SNA, jarak NA, dan jarak FHP pada sefalometri lateral dengan sudut TrgNA, jarak N’A’, dan jarak FHP’ pada fotometri lateral. Kesimpulan : Fotometri lateral dapat dipertimbangkan menjadi alternatif dalam mengevaluasi kelainan kraniofasial yang lebih sederhana, eknomis, dapat dilakukan berulang dan bersifat radioproteksi. ......Background: Lateral cephalometry is a supporting radiograph examination that is the main standard in finding out the abnormalities of the pediatric craniofacial complex, especially in skeletal pattern abnormalities and establishing a diagnosis and determining a treatment plan. Cephalometry has the effect of cumulative radiation exposure and can induce cell death that damage organ function. Currently, there is a paradigm shift in orthodontic treatment goals that prioritizes soft tissue assessment. Lateral photometry has been used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool and can predict skeletal alignment. Photometric analysis is considered more effective, reliable, and economical in assessing the craniofacial morphology of the facial profile. Objective: To analyze the difference in distance and angle of cephalometric radiographs to lateral photometry in children with stage two and three cervical vertebra maturation of the Deutro Malay race as a basis for determining the diagnosis and treatment plan. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a total of 38 subjects with CVS 2 - CVS 3 of Deutro Malay race. Lateral cephalometry and lateral photometry radiographs were taken and analyzed using a software application (Webceph). Results: There is no significant difference between SNA angle, NA distance, and FHP distance in lateral cephalometry with TrgNA angle, N'A' distance, and FHP' distance in lateral photometry. Conclusion: Lateral photometry can be considered as an alternative in evaluating craniofacial abnormalities that are simpler, economical, repeatable and radioprotective.

Abstrak :
Telah dibuat alat ukur efisiensi lampu pijar berbasis mikrokontroler. Alat ukur ini mengimplementasikan prinsip dasar fotometri. Sistem ini menggunakan sensor cahaya (OPT101) untuk mengukur nilai intensitas lampu serta dilengkapi pengendalian posisi sensor tersebut ke sumber cahaya (lampu pijar), selain itu juga terdapat pengendali daya lampu (tegangan AC - Alternating Current) yang dapat diatur melaluli program kendali dan monitoring efisiensi lampu pijar menggunakan software LabVIEW. Pembacaan daya listrik menggunakan sensor arus (CSLW6B1) dan pengkondisi sinyal precision rectifier (sebagai pembaca tegangan). Seluruh sistem ini dibawah pengendalian mikrokontroler dan hasil pengukuran dari pengolahan data akan ditampilkan pada LCD dan program kendali dan monitoring efisiensi lampu pijar menggunakan LabVIEW. Penggunaan program kendali dan monitoring efisiensi lampu pijar selain untuk mengatur daya lampu juga bertujuan menampilkan grafik yang tidak dapat ditampilkan pada LCD.

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Has created incandescent lamps efficiency measure based microcontroller. This measure to implement the basic principles of photometry. The system uses a light sensor (OPT101) to measure the light intensity values as well as control the position of the sensor is fitted to the light source (incandescent bulbs), but it also contained control lamp power (voltage AC - Alternating Current) to set channeled through program control and monitoring efficiency incandescent lamps using LabVIEW software. Power readings using current sensor (CSLW6B1) and signal conditioners precision rectifier (voltage as a reader). The entire system is under the control of the microcontroller and the measurement results of the processing of data will be displayed on the LCD and control program and monitoring the efficiency of incandescent lamps using LabVIEW. The use of program control and monitoring the efficiency of incandescent lamps in addition to set power also aims to show that the graph can not be displayed on the LCD.

Abstrak :
This book reviews the application of semiconductor nanocrystals also known as colloidal quantum dots (QDs) to LED lighting for indoors and outdoors as well as LED backlighting in displays, summarizing the color science of QDs for lighting and displays and presenting recent developments in QD-integrated LEDs and display research. By employing QDs in color-conversion LEDs, it is possible to simultaneously accomplish successful color rendition of the illuminated objects and a good spectral overlap between the emission spectrum of the light source and the sensitivity of the human eye at a warm white color temperature-something that is fundamentally challenging to achieve with conventional sources, such as incandescent and fluorescent lamps, and phosphor-based LEDs.

Abstrak :
Applied photometry, radiometry, and measurements of optical losses reviews and analyzes physical concepts of radiation transfer, providing quantitative foundation for the means of measurements of optical losses, which affect propagation and distribution of light waves in various media and in diverse optical systems and components. The comprehensive analysis of advanced methodologies for low-loss detection is outlined in comparison with the classic photometric and radiometric observations, having a broad range of techniques examined and summarized: from interferometric and calorimetric, resonator and polarization, phase-shift and ring-down decay, wavelength and frequency modulation to pulse separation and resonant, acousto-optic and emissive - subsequently compared to direct and balancing methods for studying free-space and polarization optics, fibers and waveguides. The material is focused on applying optical methods and procedures for evaluation of transparent, reflecting, scattering, absorbing, and aggregated objects, and for determination of power and energy parameters of radiation and color properties of light.

Abstrak :
This book explores how lighting systems based on LED sources have the ability to positively influence the human circadian system, with benefits for health and well-being. The opening chapters examine the functioning of the human circadian system, its response to artificial lighting, potential health impacts of different types of light exposure, and current standards in circadian photometry. A first case study analyzes the natural lighting available in an urban interior, concluding that it is unable to activate the human circadian system over the entire year. Important original research is then described in which systems suitable for artificial circadian lighting in residential interiors and offices were developed after testing of new design paradigms based on LED sources. Readers will also find a detailed analysis of the LED products available or under development globally that may contribute to optimal artificial circadian lighting, as well as the environmental sensors, control interfaces, and monitoring systems suitable for integration with new LED lighting systems. Finally, guidelines for circadian lighting design are proposed, with identification of key requirements.