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Abstrak :
As one of the biggest medicines market in the South East Asia, the pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia has a huge potential market. However, the majority supply of raw materials has been imported. Besides, regulations of the Health Ministry and the Trade Ministry have still hampered most players in Indonesia pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, this study used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models to analyze efficiency and productivity change in the Indonesian pharmaceutical industry between 2006 and 2011, listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange and also supported by applying efficiency financial ratio. This study finds that the decision for the most relatively efficient company is different using DEA compared to efficiency financial ratios, yet DEA has better measurement of efficiency. It is proven by one of State-owned Enterprises has been evaluated underperformed by the financial ratio analysis, unexpectedly is efficient using the DEA approach. This study has also proposed and tested a hypothesis on the average efficiency to check if the domestic and foreign pharmaceutical companies differ in their efficiency but the result implies that there is no significant statistical difference among them. This study indicates that firms having dominant contribution in selling overthe- counter medicines are more efficient than selling ethical medicines. Lastly, technological change contribution has more influence to productivity change instead of pure technical efficiency change in Indonesia pharmaceutical companies.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Hubungan secara langsung yang dimiliki antara dokter dan perusahaan farmasi yang dapat mempengaruhi independensi dokter merupakan hubungan yang sebenarnya melanggar kode etik. Namun, tidak sedikit dokter maupun perusahaan farmasi yang memiliki hubungan langsung tersebut dan pada keadaan tertentu mempengaruhi independensi dokter dalam menjalankan profesinya. Skripsi ini membahas mengenai hubungan antara dokter dan perusahaan farmasi ditinjau dari aspek etika dan hukum. Penelitian ini, menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penulis menggunakan studi literatur, untuk dapat menggambarkan bagaimana sebenarnya aturan hukum mengenai hubungan yang dimiliki antara dokter dan perusahaan farmasi. Perusahaan farmasi tidak boleh berhubungan langsung dengan dokter untuk menawarkan produk yang dimilikinya. Hubungan antara dokter dan perusahaan farmasi yang dapat mempengaruhi independensi dokter dalam menjalankan profesinya tersebut merupakan pelanggaran Pasal 3 Kode Etik Kedokteran Indonesia. Pemberian yang diterima oleh dokter dari perusahaan farmasi dapat tergolong sebagai gratifikasi apabila pemberian tersebut memiliki maksud agar dokter menuliskan resep dari perusahaan farmasi tersebut. Namun aturan hukum yang ada saat ini belum dapat menjangkau dokter swasta.

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ABSTRACT
Direct relationship between doctors and pharmaceutical companies that may affect the independence of doctors is actually violating code of ethics. However, many doctors and pharmaceutical companies have direct relationships without any intermediaries and therefore affect the independence of doctors in their profession. This thesis discusses the relation between doctors and pharmaceutical companies in terms of ethical and legal aspects. This study, using normative juridical method with qualitative approach. The author uses literature study, to be able to describe how the rules of law regarding the relationship between doctors and pharmaceutical companies. Pharmaceutical companies can not relate directly to the doctors to offer its products. The relation between doctors and pharmaceutical companies that may affect doctor's independency is a violation of medical ethics. The awarding that given by the pharmaceutical companies to the doctor is a can be classified as gratification if it has a purpose in order to the doctors prescribe from the pharmaceutical companies. However the regulation which exist today can not reach the private doctors.