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Abstrak :
Perubahan keadaan Perang Pasifik bagi Jepang menjadi pihak yang bertahan pada tahun 1943 memaksa Jepang untuk mendirikan pertahanan di wilayah-wilayah yang telah dikuasainya untuk mencegah serangan-serangan tidak terduga dari Sekutu. Salah satu pertahanan tersebut dibuat di kawasan pantai selatan Yogyakarta yang terdiri dari 20 bangunan pertahanan. Bentuk dan pola penempatan bangunan ini tentunya berkaitan dengan strategi Jepang dalam mempertahankan kawasan pantai selatan Yogyakarta dalam Perang Pasifik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bentuk dan pola persebaran bangunan pertahanan dalam kaitannya dengan strategi pertahanan Jepang. Metode yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah metode observasi lapangan yang didukung dengan studi pustaka. Hasil analisis morfologi dan kontekstual KOCOA menunjukan bahwa bangunan pertahanan di kawasan pantai selatan Yogyakarta terdiri dari tiga tipe bangunan pertahanan dengan pola mengelompok dan acak serta penempatan yang menunjukan jika bangunan-bangunan tersebut dibuat untuk saling mendukung satu sama lain sambil memanfaatkan keadaan geografis dengan maksimal dalam upaya Jepang untuk mempertahankan kawasan pantai selatan Yogyakarta. ......The changing conditions of the Pacific War for Japanese Empire to defensive action in 1943 forced the Japanenese to establish a series of fortifications in the territories it had controlled to prevent surprise attacks from the Allies. One of these was built in the southern coastal of Yogyakarta which consisted of 20 fortifications structures. The shape and placement pattern of these structures are related to the Japanese strategy in defending the southern coastal area of Yogyakarta during the Pacific War. This study aims to determine the shape and distribution  pattern of the Japanese fortifications structures. This article used field observation method supported by literature study. The results of the morphological analysis and contextual analysis of KOCOA show that the fortifications in the south coast of Yogyakarta consist of three types of structures with clustered and random placements patterns indicating that these structures were built to support each other while making the maximum use of geographical conditions of the southern coastal region of Yogyakarta.

Abstrak :
[Perang Dingin yang berakhir pada tahun 1990 telah mengubah konstelasi politik dan keamanan dunia. Kemunculan banyak negara baru yang dulu tidak terlalu dominan dalam politik dunia, kini menjadi pemain yang cukup diperhitungkan seperti Jepang. Setelah mengalami kekalahan pada Perang Dunia Ke-II, Jepang menjadi negara yang tidak normal karena tidak memiliki kekuatan militer.Sejak saat itu pula, Jepang menggantungkan keamanan nasionalnya di bawah perlindungan payung keamanan Amerika Serikat. Seiring berjalannya waktu, struktur keamanan global maupun regional telah berubah. Kemunculan China sebagai kekuatan regional baru, pengembangan senjata nuklir Korea Utara, modernisasi militer Korea Selatan, serta banyaknya masalah baik teritorial maupun sejarah di Asia Timur telah mempengaruhi Jepang untuk mengubah kebijakan Pertahanannya. Perubahan kebijakan ini diwujudkan dalam dua usaha yaitu usaha internal melalui peningkatan kekuatan pertahanan Jepang dan usaha eksternal melalui peningkatan diplomasi pertahanan Jepang dengan negara-negara di kawasan Asia Pasifik. ......The end of Cold War in 1990 changed global political constellation and security. The emergence of new global power that were not determined in the past, now have a very significant role in global politics such as Japan. After losing to U.S allies in the World War II, Japan became abnormal state because she did not have military power. Since then, Japan has been depended her national security on U.S security umbrella. After Cold War, the situation surroundings Japan has changed. China rose as a new global power, nuclear weapon possession by North Korea, South Korea's military modernization, and territorial disputes among them give impacts on Japan?s Defense Policy. The change of Japan's Defense Policy is indicated by two attempts, which are internal efforts and external efforts. Internal efforts are executed by increasing military power and external efforts are executed by developing defense diplomacy through security arrangements with the Asia Pacific countries. The end of Cold War in 1990 changed global political constellation and security. The emergence of new global power that were not determined in the past, now have a very significant role in global politics such as Japan. After losing to U.S allies in the World War II, Japan became abnormal state because she did not have military power. Since then, Japan has been depended her national security on U.S security umbrella. After Cold War, the situation surroundings Japan has changed. China rose as a new global power, nuclear weapon possession by North Korea, South Korea’s military modernization, and territorial disputes among them give impacts on Japan’s Defense Policy. The change of Japan’s Defense Policy is indicated by two attempts, which are internal efforts and external efforts. Internal efforts are executed by increasing military power and external efforts are executed by developing defense diplomacy through security arrangements with the Asia Pacific countries., The end of Cold War in 1990 changed global political constellation and security. The emergence of new global power that were not determined in the past, now have a very significant role in global politics such as Japan. After losing to U.S allies in the World War II, Japan became abnormal state because she did not have military power. Since then, Japan has been depended her national security on U.S security umbrella. After Cold War, the situation surroundings Japan has changed. China rose as a new global power, nuclear weapon possession by North Korea, South Korea’s military modernization, and territorial disputes among them give impacts on Japan’s Defense Policy. The change of Japan’s Defense Policy is indicated by two attempts, which are internal efforts and external efforts. Internal efforts are executed by increasing military power; and external efforts are executed by developing defense diplomacy through security arrangements with the Asia Pacific countries.]