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"Aplikasi kolaboratif berbasis real-time menjadi bagian dari kehidupan sehari-hari manusia, terutama di masa pandemi ketika setiap orang sulit untuk bertemu secara langsung. Salah satu aplikasi tersebut adalah aplikasi collaborative whiteboard, yang bisa digunakan untuk menggambar secara bebas. Salah satu implementasi dari sistem collaborative whiteboard adalah Tldraw. Tldraw yang semula dikembangkan menggunakan arsitektur client-server kemudian diimprovisasi menggunakan arsitektur peer-to-peer yang memanfaatkan teknologi WebRTC, menghasilkan aplikasi Tldraw yang rendah latensi. Namun, aplikasi Tldraw tersebut dinilai tidak bersifat scalable, karena arsitektur peer-to-peer tersebut menggunakan topologi full-mesh. Dilatarbelakangi oleh hal tersebut, penelitian ini mengusulkan optimasi aplikasi Tldraw menggunakan topologi random peer sampling. Usulan optimasi tersebut dinilai memiliki pertumbuhan penggunaan sumber daya yang lebih landai apabila dibandingkan dengan Tldraw P2p, meskipun memiliki sedikit overhead.

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A real-time based collaborative applications are taking part in human daily life, especially in the pandemic era when it is prohibited to directly meet other people. One example of those kind of application is collaborative whiteboard application, which can be use to draw things freely. Tldraw previously developed using client-server architecture, which later improved using peer-to-peer architecture using WebRTC technology, resulting a low-latency Tldraw application. Nevertheless, those improvisations seem to be not scalable, since the peer-to-peer architecture use full-mesh network topology. Motivated by that, this research propose optimization for Tldraw application using random peer sampling topology. Those optimizations resulting in lower growth of cpu, memory, and bandwidth usage with little overhead."

"Design Science Research is a powerful paradigm enabling researchers to make important contributions to society and industry. Simply stated, the goal of DSR is to generate knowledge on how to find innovative solutions to important problems in the form of models, methods, constructs and instantiations. Over the past 20 years, the design science research (DSR) paradigm has developed into an established paradigm in Information Systems Research and it is of strong uptake in many other disciplines, including Management Science and Computer Science.This book provides a collection of twelve DSR cases, presented by experienced researchers in the field. It offers readers access to real-world DSR studies, together with the authors’ reflections on their research processes. These cases will support researchers who want to engage in DSR, and represent a valuable addition to existing introductions to DSR methods and processes. Readers will learn from the hands-on experiences of respected experts who have conducted extensive DSR in a range of application contexts."