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Abstrak :

Adanya kesadaran dan urgensi untuk meminimalisir dampak lingkungan, membuat adanya konsep green port bagi pelabuhan. Ini dikarenakan pelabuhan merupakan salah satu sumber polutan akibat aktivitas kepelabuhanannya yang rentan akan risiko (gas buang peralatan berat, kebocoran, kesalahan bongkar muat, dll). Salah satu konsep dari green port yang difokuskan kali ini adalah elektrifikasi. Penulis melakukan pengamatan mengenai sejauh mana konsep ini diterapkan dan dampaknya terhadap kualitas udara, air, kebisingan, dan tingkat biaya dari operasional pelabuhan dalam rentang waktu 2016-2019. Variabel yang digunakan sebagai variabel bebas adalah tingkat penerapan konsep green port, Pengujian pengaruh antara penerapan green port terhadap BBM, udara, air , dan kebisingan dilakukan dengan membandingkan kondisi sebelum dan sesudah penerapan konsep dengan metode independent t-test. Hasilnya didapat bahwa penerapan green port (dan elektrifikasi) memiliki pengaruh terhadap kualitas air, udara, tingkat biaya, dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kebisingan. Dari segi perbandingan kualitatif, ditemukan juga kesimpulan bahwa penggunaan peralatan bertenaga listrik lebih efisien dibanding menggunakan peralatan berbahan bakar minyak.

 

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An increase in public’s awareness against the environmental issues and problem caused an urgency for a company to acknowledge the consequences of their daily operations to the environment. It is already well known that the port is perceived as a source of pollutants from the heavy machinery usage, to waste and water treatment. The Green Port concept is made to accommodate the environment issues, thus help the company to understand the negative impacts from their operations to the environment, and try to change the operations cleaner than before. The electrification concept is one of the Green Port concept that try to minimize the negative externalities to environment (pollution) by changing the primary source of energy from fossil fuels, to electric-powered equipment. This research focuses on measuring how far this concept’s applied inside port operations and how it affects the operational cost and port environmental performance. This research use the green port implementation as an independent variables and air quality, water quality, noise level, and cost level from 2016 to 2019 for the dependent variable.  This research found that there are an impacts from the green port implementation and electrification (the power usage) to the air quality, water quality, and cost level. This research also found that there are no impact between the application of green port and noise level. This research also compared the operation cost from the usage of electricity based equipment and petrodiesel based equipment. The result is the electric-powered equipment has a better efficiency and lower cost than the petrodiesel equipment. 

 

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh performa lingkungan terhadap biaya keuangan perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 303 perusahaan dengan dua fokus, yaitu ASEAN dan Tiongkok, selama tahun 2015-2021. Pengujian hipotesis pengaruh performa lingkungan terhadap biaya lingkungan perusahaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode regresi REM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa performa lingkungan sebagian besar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap biaya keuangan perusahaan, tetapi pilar lingkungan dan setiap pillar pembentuknya memiliki hasil yang berbeda untuk wilayah ASEAN dan Tiongkok. Pillar lingkungan ASEAN dan Tiongkok berpengaruh signifikan terhadap biaya keuangan. Pengurangan sumber daya berpengaruh signifikan terhadap biaya ekuitas dan biaya modal rata-rata tertimbang di ASEAN dan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap biaya utang di Tiongkok. Emisi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap biaya keuangan di ASEAN dan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap biaya utang dan biaya ekuitas di Tiongkok. Produk lingkungan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap biaya keuangan di ASEAN dan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap biaya ekuitas dan biaya modal rata-rata tertimbang di Tiongkok. ......This study aims to empirically prove the impact of environmental performance on cost of finance of firm. This study takes 303 firms with two focuses, ASEAN and China, during 2015-2021. The hypothesis on the impact of environemntal performance is carried out using random effect model regression method. The empirical results demonstrate that the environmental performance mainly had significant effect on cost of finance of firm, yet environmental pillar and every pillar had different results in ASEAN and China. Environmental pillar had significant effect on cost of finance. Resource reduction had significant effect on cost of equity and weighted average cost of capital in ASEAN and had significant effect on cost of debt in China. Emission had significant effect on cost of finance in ASEAN and had significant effect on cost of debt and cost of equity in China. Enviornmental product had significant effect on cost of finance in ASEAN and had significant effect on cost of equity and weighted average cost of capital in China.