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Abstrak :
This dissertation discusses about the tin mining in Bangka community in Penagan village, Province of Bangka-Belitung Islands, particularly on relations of strength in the activity structure of tin mining performed by the miners (individuals or groups) in organizing the control, exploitation, management and distribution of the resources in the area. Tin mining activities performed by Bangka people in Penagan is called TI forming inseparable part of Bangka people life. In these activities, the miners are connected in the context of relation of power based on the strength of each miner. The relation of strength and powers is not only demonstrated by the statue and role between Boss and subordinates in TI activities but also among TI with other miners interested in tin resources. In this dissertation, i will show the relation of power in the social structure being the function of mutual relations of strength among the miners based on the capabilities and capacity of each miner in such structure. The powers of each miner includes capital and symbols of relaionship regularly reproduced to strengthen the existing relation. Mutual relation is functionally empowered by the miners to maximize the economic benefit from available resources in the walks of life of the ccommunity. Tin mining structure is a siymbiotic and mutual cooperation network (mutual and profit exchange) primarily among the miners based on economic benefit of tin resource, where the fund will then become collective standard of the miners and business groups. The strength held by each miner in the context of tin resources control and tin mining activities indicate no dualism of the strength of the miner binding of free. In term of mining context, the existing strength is independent or binding. There is no miner who can directly control by the power it owns in tin mining activities. This is attributable to the fact that tin, as a resource in social system of tin mining is considered as collective resources. Research methodology used in this dissertation is qualitative research method with observation technique and in-depth interview. Specifically, it uses ethnography method resulth in deep and holistic examination on tin mining performed by Bangka community in Penagan. The period of data collection began from the early 2005 until August 2006. I use the approach referring to the relations of power and strength among the miners in the tin mining structure which includes control, management and organizing of tin resources. The relation of powers among the miners is based upon the strength of the miners to influence and or to control other miners.

Abstrak :
Hutan Lindung Gunung sepang terancam punah, penebangan liar untuk penambangan liar dipandang sebagai penyebab proses kerusakan hutan. Dampak ekologi yang ditimbulkan dari penambangan timah ilegal dikawasan hutan lindung adalah terjadinya longsor, erosi, banjir, dan berkurangnya serta tercemarnya air tanah. Penelitian terhadap kerusakan hutan lindung ini adalah desa-desa di kecamatan Badau yang berdekatan langsung dengan Hutan Lindung Gunung Sepang serta Pemerintah daerah Kabupaten Belitung. Metode observasi secara langsung dan wawancara digunakan sebagai pendekatan dalam pengambilan data. Wawancara dilakukan secara tidak terstruktur terhadap komponen masyarakat setempat, aparat dinas kehutanan serta aparat pemerintah daerah serta kepolisian. Hasil penelitian dianalisa secara deskriptif kualitatif menggunakan rancangan alur pikir masalah. Setidaknya ada tiga faktor yang membuat terjadinya pengrusakan hutan untuk penambangan liar yaitu: belum adanya kesadaran untuk menjaga kelestarian lingkungan hidup, Masyarakat belum memiliki kesadaran hukum serta adanya keinginan untuk memperoleh pendapatan yang lebih tinggi Pemerintah daerah telah melakukan himbauan, operasi pengamanan dan penjagaan, pengembangan ekonomi masyarakat melalui diversifikasi usaha, serta menetapkan kebijakan dalam bentuk peraturan. Permasalahan kerusakan lingkungan Hutan Lindung Gunung Sepang tidak bisa dibebankan hanya pada pemerintah, penyelesaian masalah tersebut menjadi tugas dan tanggung jawab komponen masyarakat keseluruhan. Pihak yang peduli terhadap kondisi kawasan hutan lebih memusatkan pada tindakan yang bersifat edukatif dan persuasif kepada masyarakat sekitar. Hal ini tampak ditunjukkan oleh mereka dengan adanya program bina lingkungan. Pendekatan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah daerah bertujuan untuk menguatkan kesadaran lingkungan masyarakat disertai kemandirian dalam mengatasi kebutuhan hidup. Evaluasi dan analisis dengan Pendekatan perencanaan pengelolaan lingkungan kawasan hutan memerlukan peranserta Pemerintah daerah dan masyarakat setempat. Pemerintah daerah sebagai "pemberi contoh" diharapkan memiliki peran serta dalam penanganan dan pengembangan aspek perbaikan kondisi hutan, aspek perlindungan dan pengamanan, serta aspek pembinaan kesadaran lingkungan masyarakat. Seluruh peran serta harus bersifat koordinatif dan partisipatif dengan melibatkan semua pihak. Upaya penanggulangan dan pencegahan adalah dengan mengembalikan kawasan hutan lindung yang telah menjadi lahan tambang ke fungsi semula yaitu dengan cara penghijauan kembali bekerjasama dengan penduduk lingkungan sekitar dan instansi terkait antara lain perhutani, pemerintah daerah, dan masyarakat setempat. ......Hutan Lindung Gunung Sepang is in endangered, illegal logging for illegal mining is seen as a cause of forest destruction process. Ecological impacts arising from illegal mining area of protected forest is the occurrence of landslides, erosion, flooding, and reduced soil and water contamination. Research on the damage these protected forests are villages in the district Badau directly adjacent to Hutan Lindung Gunung Sepang in Bangka Belitung Province. Method of direct observation and interviews are used as an approach to data retrieval. Conducted unstructured interviews to the components of local communities, forest service officials and local government officials and police. The results were analyzed in a descriptive qualitative study using a design mindset problem. There are at least three factors that make the destruction of forests to illegal mining, namely: lack of awareness to preserve the environment, local people do not have the legal awareness and the desire to earn higher incomes. The local government has made an appeal, security operations and maintenance, community economic development through business diversification, as well as set policy in the form of regulation. Problems of environmental degradation Sepang Mountain Forest Preserve can not be charged only on the government, solving the problem is the duty and responsibility of the whole society components. Parties concerned with the condition of forests is more focused on action that is instructive and persuasive to the surrounding community. This seems indicated by their environment with the development program. The approach taken by the local government aims to strengthen environmental awareness with community self-reliance in addressing the needs of life. Evaluation and analysis of the environmental approach to forest management planning requires the participation of regional governments and local communities. Local government as 'giver example' is expected to have participation in management and development aspects of the improvement of forest conditions, protection and security aspects, as well as fostering awareness of environmental aspects of society. The entire participation must be coordinated and participatory by involving all parties. Mitigation and prevention efforts is to restore a protected forest which has been a land mine to the original function is by way of reforestation cooperates with the surrounding environment and related agencies, among others perhutani, local governments, and local communities.