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Abstrak :
Pengembangan manfaat tumbuhan obat dimulai dengan mengumpulkan informasi dari pengetahuan lokal yang dimiliki berbagai etnis. Salah satu etnis yang unik di Indonesia adalah etnis Minangkabau yang berasal dari Nagari Tuo Pariangan karena memiliki sistem matrilineal. Berdasarkan survey pendahuluan diketahui bahwa sebagian besar tumbuhan obat di Nagari Tuo Pariangan dibudidayakan di pekarangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengetahuan tradisional masyarakat mengenai tumbuhan obat dan potensi pekarangan sebagai kawasan konservasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama sembilan bulan pada bulan Januari sampai September 2019. Pengambilan data etnobotani dilakukan dengan wawancara semiterstruktur pada 7 orang informan kunci dan 46 orang responden umum. Pengambilan data etnoekologi pekarangan dilakukan dengan analisis vegetasi pada 30 buah rumah. Data etnobotani diolah dengan menghitung Use Value (UV), Index of Cultural Significance (ICS), dan Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC). Data etnoekologi diolah dengan menghitung Indeks Nilai Penting (INP), Indeks Keanekaragaman (H), Indeks Kemerataan (e), dan Kekayaan Spesies (DMg). Analisis data dilakukan secara statistika deskriptif. Masyarakat memanfaatkan 139 spesies tumbuhan obat yang tergolong ke dalam 110 genus dan 59 famili. Tumbuhan obat digunakan untuk mengobati 73 jenis penyakit yang dikelompokkan menjadi 10 kategori. Curcuma longa, Kalanchoe laciniata, Zingiber officinale, dan Orthosiphon aristatus merupakan tumbuhan obat dengan UV, ICS, dan RFC yang tinggi. Sebagian besar tumbuhan obat menurut masyarakat memiliki UV, ICS, dan RFC yang termasuk ke dalam kategori rendah sehingga perlu dikonservasi. Masyarakat menanam 197 sepesies tanaman di pekarangan, termasuk ke dalam 148 genus dan 67 famili. Jumlah spesies tanaman terbanyak ditemukan di pekarangan Jorong Pariangan (117 spesies), sementara persentase tanaman obat tertinggi ditemukan di pekarangan Jorong Guguak (65,6%). Indeks keanekaragaman, kemerataan, dan kekayaan spesies tanaman obat di pekarangan yang tergolong tinggi membuktikan bahwa masyarakat Nagari Tuo Pariangan menanam cukup banyak spesies tanaman obat. Pekarangan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai kawasan konservasi tanaman obat.

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Development of the benefits of medicinal plants begins with gathering information from local knowledge held by various ethnic groups. One of the unique ethnic groups in Indonesia is the Minangkabau ethnic originating from Nagari Tuo Pariangan because it has matrilineal system. Based on preliminary surveys it is known that most of the medicinal plants in Nagari Tuo Pariangan are cultivated in the yard. The purpose of this study is to examine the traditional knowledge of community about medicinal plants and the potential of yard as a conservation area. The research was conducted for nine months from January to September 2019. The collection of ethnobotanical data was carried out by semistructured interviews with 7 key informants and 46 general respondents. Ethnoecological data was collected by analyzing vegetation in 30 houses. Ethnobotanical data was processed by calculating the Use Value (UV), Index of Cultural Significance (ICS), and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), while ethnoecological data is processed by calculating the Importance Value Index (INP), Diversity Index (H), Evenness Index (e), and Species Richness (DMg). Data analysis was performed by descriptive statistics. The community utilizes 139 species of medicinal plants belonging to 110 genera and 59 families. Medicinal plants are used to treat 73 types of diseases which are grouped into 10 categories. Curcuma longa, Kalanchoe laciniata, Zingiber officinale, and Orthosiphon aristatus are medicinal plants with high UV, ICS, and RFC. Most of the medicinal plants according to the community have UV, ICS, and RFC which are included in the low category, so it needs to be conserved. The community planted 197 species in the yard, including 148 genera and 67 families. The highest number of plant species was found in Jorong Pariangan (117 species), while the highest percentage of medicinal plants was found in Jorong Guguak (65.6%). Index of diversity, evenness, and richness of medicinal plants in the yard which are classified as high prove that Nagari Tuo Pariangan community plant quite a number of medicinal plants. The yard can be used as conservation area for medicinal plants.

Abstrak :
Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang struktur dan komposisi vegetasi lanskap pekarangan dan pemanfaatan tanaman pekarangan di Kecamatan Pariangan, Kabupaten Tanah Datar, Sumatra Barat pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2018. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji struktur dan komposisi vegetasi lanskap pekarangan dan pengetahuan lokal dalam memanfaatkan tanaman pekarangan. Tipe pekarangan yang dijadikan objek penelitian ditentukan secara stratified random sampling berdasarkan lokasi yang berbeda-beda yaitu pekarangan yang berlokasi di dekat hutan, dekat jalan raya dan dekat sungai. Setiap tipe pekarangan dikelompokkan ke dalam dua kelas luasan yaitu kecil dan besar. Masing-masing kelas luasan dicuplik sebanyak 15 pekarangan. Data struktur dan komposisi vegetasi lanskap pekarangan dikumpulkan dengan mencatat nama lokal tanaman, menghitung jumlah individu tanaman dan mengukur diameter batang tanaman sedangkan data pemanfaatan tanaman pekarangan dengan pendekatan etnobotani melalui wawancara semi terstruktur, terbuka dan FGD (Focus Group Discussion). Wawancara dilakukan pada pemilik pekarangan atau anggota keluarga pemilik pekarangan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan statistika deskriptif untuk menggambarkan pengetahuan lokal masyarakat. Analisis secara kuantitatif dilakukan dengan menghitung indeks nilai penting, indeks keanekaragaman menurut Shannon-Wiener (H), indeks kesamaan Jaccard (Ji), indeks nilai kepentingan lokal (Local Users Value Index, LUVI) dan indeks kepentingan budaya (Index of Cultural Significance, ICS). Hasil pencuplikan sebanyak 90 pekarangan teridentifikasi sebanyak 300 spesies terdiri atas 236 genus dan 85 famili. Indeks keanekaragaman di tiap pekarangan tergolong tinggi yaitu 3,97-4,6. Indeks kesamaan tertinggi terdapat di pekarangan dekat sungai ukuran besar dengan pekarangan dekat sungai ukuran kecil. Indeks nilai penting tiap perawakan tanaman di setiap kategori pekarangan memiliki spesies yang berbeda-beda. Stratifikasi tanaman pekarangan lebih menyerupai stratifikasi hutan dengan lapisan tajuk yang rapat. Nilai LUVI di tiga tipe pekarangan menunjukkan adanya perbedaan persepsi mengenai spesies yang disukai pada beberapa kategori pemanfaatan. Nilai ICS tertinggi dimiliki oleh karambia (Cocos nucifera L.) sebesar 68.

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Research about the structure and composition of vegetation of homegardens landscape and utilization of plants in the homegardens of Pariangan Subdistrict, Tanah Datar district, West Sumatra was conducted on October-December 2018. The purposes of this research were to investigate the structure and composition of vegetation homegardens landscape and the local knowledge in utilizing homegardens plants. The type of homegardens used as the object of research is determined by stratified random sampling based on different locations, namely the homegardens near the forest, near the highway and near the river. Furthermore, each type of homegardens is grouped into two broad classes, namely small and large. Each broad class is sampled as many as 15 homegardens. Data of the structure and composition of vegetation homegardens landscape were collected by recording as local names, calculating individual numbers and measuring in stem diameter while data of utilizing homegardens plants were collected using ethnobotanical approach through semi structured interview, open ended and FGD (Focus Group Discussion). Interview were conducted with the homegardens owner or the family members of the homegardens owner. Data were analyzed qualitatively using descriptive statistics to describe the local knowledge. Quantitative analysis was conducted by calculate the important value index, the diversity index according to the Shannon-Wiener index (HE), the similarity index according to the Jaccard index (Ji), Local Users Value Index (LUVI) and Index of Cultutral Significance (ICS). Sampling results as many as 90 homegardens identified 300 species consisting of 236 genera and 85 families. The diversity index in each homegardens is classified as high, namely 3.97-4.6. The highest similarity index was in the homegardens near the river with a large size with a homegardens near the river with a small size. The important value index for each plant stature in each homegardens category have different species. Stratification of homegardens plants is more like stratification of forests with a dense canopy layer. LUVI in three type of homegardens show the different perception of the preferred species in several utilization categories. The highest ICS has karambia (Cocos nucifera L.) (68).

Abstrak :
Daerah penelitian panas bumi Pariangan, Kabupaten Tanah Datar, Sumatra Barat berada pada jalur sesar besar Sumatra yang terbentuk akibat aktivitas penunjaman lempeng Indo-Australia dibawah lempeng Eurasia yang berada di sebelah barat lepas pantai Sumatra. Sesar besar Sumatra berarah baratlaut-tenggara dengan jenis pergeseran menganan (dextral). Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Pusat Studi Geologi Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Republik Indonesia pada tahun 2014 hanya melakukan analisis peta Anomali Bouguer Lengkap hingga pemisahan anomali regional dan residual. Pada penelitian penulis yang terbaru yaitu menggunakan metode gravitasi satelit dengan bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan struktur bawah permukaan dan menentukan zona permeabel dengan melakukan pengolahan data serta hasil yang didapat yaitu pembuatan peta anomali bouguer lengkap sampai model inversi 3D. Dari hasil yang dilakukan diperoleh beberapa patahan yaitu sesar normal dan sesar naik pada analisis FHD dan SVD, Sesar ini masih berarah sama dengan struktur geologi Pariangan yaitu berarah baratlaut-tenggara ini, diperkirakan sebagai struktur pengontrol kemunculan manifestasi panas bumi di daerah penelitian. Sesuai dengan hasil yang diperoleh dari metode gravitasi satelit didapatkan kemunculan mata air panas yaitu mata air panas Pariangan dan Sopan Didih pada daerah penelitian Pariangan. ......The Pariangan geothermal research area, Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra is located on the Sumatran fault line which was formed due to the subduction activity of the Indo-Australian plate under the Eurasian plate which is in the west off the coast of Sumatra. The Sumatran fault has a northwest-southeast trend with a dextral type of shift. Research conducted by the Center for Geological Studies of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic of Indonesia in 2014 only analyzed the Complete Bouguer Anomaly map to separate regional and residual anomalies. In the author's latest research, using the satellit gravity method with the aim of knowing the existence of subsurface structures and determining the permeable zone by processing data and the results obtained are making a complete bouguer anomaly map to a 3D inversion model. From the results obtained by several faults, namely normal faults and rising faults in the FHD and SVD analysis, this fault has the same direction as the Pariangan geological structure, which is northwest-southeast, it is estimated as the beginning of the emergence of geothermal manifestations in the study area. In accordance with the results obtained from the satellit gravity method, the emergence of hot springs, namely Pariangan and Sopan Didih hot springs in the Pariangan research area.