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"Pada kereta hibrid, salah satu faktor penting dalam operasinya adalah suplai daya yang stabil. Kereta hibrid mengambil daya listrik dari kabel overhead (katener) melalui pantograf. Ketika kereta mencapai kecepatan tinggi, dapat terjadi vibrasi mekanik yang berpotensi terjadinya contact loss antara pantograf dan katener. Hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan ketidakstabilan suplai daya dan pencetusan (arcing) sehingga diperlukan pengendalian pantograf aktif. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan simulasi menggunakan model numerik pantograf-katener berupa persamaan keadaan (state equation) dan pengendalian berbasis Linear Parameter Varying Model Predictive Control (LPV-MPC) untuk mengatur gaya kontak antara pantograf dan katener. Pengendali LPV-MPC didesain dengan mengambil model prediksi yang disusun berdasarkan model dinamis sistem dan suatu fungsi obyektif beserta batasan yang diselesaikan dengan quadratic programming. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LPV-MPC dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan gaya kontak antara pantograf-katener dengan nilai MSE antara sinyal keluaran dan setpoint sebesar 9,0753.

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In hybrid train technology, one of the important factors in the operation is a stable power supply. A hybrid train collects power from the overhead catenary above the train using pantograph. In high-speed operation, mechanical vibration happens and contact loss between pantograph and catenary. This results in unstable power supply and arcing. In this research, a pantograph numeric model using state equations is simulated with a Linear Parameter Varying Model Predictive Control (LPV-MPC) scheme to control the contact force between the pantograph and catenary. The LPV-MPC controller is designed by making a model prediction derived from the mathematical dynamic model and an objective function with constraints that is solved using quadratic programming. Results shows that LPV-MPC can be used to control the contact force between the pantograph and catenary with an MSE value between the system’s output and setpoint of 9.0753."

"This book covers the basic scientific theory and related application technologies of the pantograph-catenary system, including research findings on pantograph/catenary contact resistance, pantograph interface thermal effect, laws and characteristics of current-carrying friction and wear, the main research methods for pantograph arcs, the effects of arcs on pantograph systems and onboard equipment, and the materials used for pantographs and contact wires. Given its scope, it offers a valuable resource for students, scholars, and development engineers alike. The relationship between pantograph and catenary is one of the three core aspects of the safe operation of high-speed electrified railways. The pantograph system provides electric power for the high-speed train through the sliding electric contact. As the trains operating speed increases, the pantograph system enters a state of prolonged sliding/vibration, resulting in frequent arcs, electrode erosion, and increased wear."