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Abstrak :
Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) merupakan produk samping dari kegiatan pengolahan kelapa sawit yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan jika dibuang secara langsung karena tingginya nilai Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), dan Total Suspended Solid (TSS). Walau demikian, POME mengandung kandungan organik yang mendukung habitat bakteri anaerobik penghasil hidrogen. Fermentasi gelap merupakan salah satu pendekatan dalam pengolahan POME di mana dalam prosesnya mampu menghasilkan biohidrogen selain mengatasi masalah limbah. Biohidrogen merupakan sumber energi hijau dan berkelanjutan karena tidak melepaskan produk samping yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan studi pengaruh konsentrasi karbon:nitrogen:fosfor (C:N:P) dalam meningkatkan produksi biohidrogen menggunakan bakteri Enterobacter aerogenes. Salah satu faktor utama yang mempengaruhi produktivitas bakteri dan hasil total hidrogen adalah sumber nutrien C:N:P dan konsentrasinya. Media yang digunakan adalah POME steril dengan pH 7, fruktosa sebagai sumber karbon, NH4Cl sebagai sumber nitrogen, KH2PO4 sebagai sumber fosfor, dan 5% inokulum bakteri Enterobacter aerogenes dengan inkubasi (24-96 jam, anaerobik, tanpa agitasi, suhu 37oC).  Konsentrasi C:N:P optimum diperoleh pada konsentrasi 5000:500:50 ppm dengan persentase H2 sebesar 1,91%, 12,27%, 18,16%, and 21,33% pada waktu inkubasi 24, 48, 72, dan 96 jam. Terdapat penyisihan nilai COD, BOD, dan TSS terbesar pada POME hasil degradasi bakteri Enterobacter aerogenes, pada variasi konsentrasi C:N:P optimum dengan persentase masing-masing yaitu 89,92%, 84,97%, dan 86,12% pada waktu inkubasi 96 jam. ......Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) contains organic substances that support the habitat of hydrogen-producing anaerobic bacteria and a by-product of palm oil processing with potential environmental pollution if disposed directly due to its high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) value. Dark fermentation is one of the approaches in POME processing to produce biohydrogen in addition to overcome waste problem. Biohydrogen is a green and sustainable energy source because does not release harmful by-products for environment. In this research, the effect of carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus (C:N:P) concentrations in order to increase biohydrogen production by using the bacterium Enterobacter aerogenes was conducted. One of the main factors affecting bacterial productivity and total hydrogen yield is the source of C:N:P nutrients and concentrations. The media used were sterilized POME with pH 7, fructose as a carbon source, NH4Cl as a nitrogen source, KH2PO4 as a phosphorus source, and 5% of Enterobacter aerogenes inoculum with incubation (24-96 hours, anaerobic, without agitation, temperature of 37oC). The optimum concentration of C:N:P was obtained at a concentration of 5000:500:50 ppm with the proportion of H2 of 1.91%, 12.27%, 18.16% and 21.33% at incubation times of 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The highest removal of COD, BOD, and TSS in POME degradation of Enterobacter aerogenes bacteria, with respective percentage of 89,92%, 84,97%, and 86,12% on the 96th hours of incubation time.

Abstrak :
Indonesia saat ini mengalami penurunan produksi minyak seiring semakin tuanya sumur-sumur produksi. Salah satu lokasi sumur minyak tersebut adalah lapangan Rantau yang terletak di Aceh Tamiang. Banyaknya studi EOR yang terkait dengan karakter reservoirnya, menyebabkan lapangan ini dijadikan sebagai model untuk penelitian EOR. Pada penelitian sebelumnya telah diteliti potensi Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4 menggunakan minyak zaitun yang menghasilkan biosurfaktan dengan karakteristik tahan pada konsentrasi garam dan suhu tinggi yang sesuai dengan karakteristik reservoir lapangan Rantau. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan uji lebih lanjut yang bertujuan untuk mengukur potensi biosurfaktan yang dihasilkan oleh Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4 menggunakan Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) untuk aplikasi EOR. Optimasi produksi dilakukan menggunakan analisis single factor dan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dengan parameter konsentrasi POME, konsentrasi NaCl, masa inkubasi dan pH terhadap aktivitas biosurfaktan yang diukur berdasarkan nilai Oil Displacement Area (ODA). Kondisi optimum untuk biokonversi POME menjadi biosurfaktan dengan metode curah berdasarkan analisis RSM diperoleh dalam medium yang mengandung POME 16% (v/v), NaCl 4,7% (w/v), pH 6,7 dan waktu inkubasi 112 jam. Pada kondisi optimum ini diperoleh ekstrak kasar sekitar 3,98 g/L±0,18 kultur dengan nilai ODA 3,6 cm. Sifat fisikokimia biosurfaktan yang dihasilkan memiliki nilai Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) sebesar 280 mg/L dengan penurunan tegangan permukaan sebesar 16,5 mN/m, serta nilai E24 tertinggi diperoleh pada minyak mentah CR-04 (Naphthenic–naphthenic) yaitu 76,33%±0,57. Hasil uji stabilitas dengan metode sebaran minyak diperoleh bahwa surfaktan dapat bekerja optimal pada rentang pH 6-10, konsentrasi garam 15-20% (w/v), dan suhu 45-65 oC. Tipe biosurfaktan berdasarkan spektrum FT-IR dan LC-MS tergolong kedalam golongan asam lemak. Melalui uji EOR diperoleh nilai IFT terendah 0,03 mN/m pada uji stabilitas termal, tergolong kategori fase tipe III dengan karakter water-wet dari hasil uji kelakuan fasa dan kebasahan batuan. Kinerja faktor perolehan (recovery factor) skala laboratorium adalah 23,89% pada pengukuran imbibisi. Faktor perolehan yang didapat dengan metoda core flooding relatif terhadap persentase Saturated oil residue (Sor) adalah 7,7%, Saturated oil initial (Soi) adalah 5,1%. Berdasarkan data fisikokimia dan hasil uji EOR, biosurfaktan dari Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4 berpotensi dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai surfaktan EOR. ......Indonesia is currently experiencing a decline in oil production as production wells are getting old. One of the locations for the oil well is the Rantau field, located in Aceh Tamiang. The number of EOR studies related to the character of the reservoir, causes this field to be used as a model for EOR research. In a previous study, the potential of Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4 using olive oil was investigated which produces biosurfactants with resistant characteristics at salt concentrations and high temperatures that are in accordance with the characteristics of the Rantau field reservoir. In this study, further tests were carried out aimed at measuring the potential of the biosurfactant produced by Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4 using Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) for EOR applications. Production optimization was carried out using single factor analysis and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with parameters of POME concentration, NaCl concentration, incubation period and pH of biosurfactant activity measured based on the value of Oil Displacement Area (ODA). The optimum conditions for the bioconversion of POME to biosurfactant by bulk method based on RSM analysis were obtained in a medium containing POME 16% (v/v), NaCl 4.7% (w/v), pH 6.7 and incubation time of 112 hours. At this optimum condition, crude extract was obtained about 3.98 g/L±0.18 culture with an ODA value of 3.6 cm. The physicochemical properties of the biosurfactants produced have a Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) value of 280 mg/L with a decrease in surface tension of 16.5 mN/m, and the highest E24 value was obtained in crude oil CR-04 (Naphthenic–naphthenic) which was 76.33 %±0.57. The results of the stability test using the oil distribution method showed that the surfactant could work optimally in the pH range of 6-10, the salt concentration of 15-20% (w/v), and the temperature of 45-65 oC. The type of biosurfactant based on the FT-IR and LC-MS spectrum belongs to the fatty acid group. Through the EOR test, the lowest IFT value was 0.03 mN/m in the thermal stability test, belonging to the type III phase category with water-wet character from the results of phase behavior and rock wetness tests. The performance of the laboratory scale recovery factor was 23.89% on the imbibition measurement. The recovery factor obtained by the core flooding method relative to the percentage of Saturated oil residue (Sor) was 7.7%, Saturated oil initial (Soi) was 5.1%. Based on the physicochemical data and EOR test results, the biosurfactant from Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4 has the potential to be further developed as an EOR surfactant.

Abstrak :
Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is an agro-industrial waste product with high availability and which contains high quantities of organic compounds that are necessary for microbial growth. Cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were grown in POME to produce lipase using the submerged fermentation method. The objective of this study is to obtain the optimum value of lipase activity produced by the cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using POME as the substrate through the submerged fermentation method and to obtain the dry extract of lipase. In the study, the one factor at a time (OFAT) method was applied, which allowed observation of the effect of inoculum and additional nutrient concentrations, such as Ca2+ ion, olive oil, peptone and Tween 80, on the activity of lipase. These factors were investigated in shake flask fermentation at 30°C over 96 hours. The activity unit of lipase was determined by the titrimetric reaction of olive oil hydrolysis using crude lipase. The optimum value of the lipase activity unit (1.327 U/mL) was gained when 3% (v/v) of inoculum, 4 mM of Ca2+ ion, 0.4% (v/v) of olive oil, 0.9% (m/v) of peptone, and 0.9% of Tween 80 were added into the medium. Crude lipase was then dried using a spray dryer. Subsequently, 15.643 g of dry extract lipase was obtained from 500 mL of cell free supernatant. In further research, the lipase activity assay would be better achieved using the p-nitrophenyl palmitate hydrolysis method and examined by a spectrophotometer.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Rasio elektrifikasi di Provinsi Jambi merupakan yang terendah di Sumatera dengan rasio eletrifikasi sebesar 39,59 . Dibutuhkan adanya tambahan energi listrik di daerah Jambi, terutama di daerah yang belum terjangkau energi listrik salah satunya adalah dengan memanfaatkan biogas yang berasal dari limbah cair pengolahan kelapa sawit atau sering disebut Palm Oil Mill Effluent POME , menjadi energi listrik. Sebagaimana diketahui kelapa sawit merupakan komoditas perkebunan yang terbesar di jambi, limbah cair dari pengolahan kelapa sawit masih belum dimanfaatkan hanya ditampung pada kolam terbuka yang dapat menyebabkan terbentuknya emisi gas rumah kaca. Pada penelitian ini akan digunakan data-data dari salah satu perkebunan kelapa sawit di Jambi, dengan produksi POME sekitar 144.859 ton/tahun. Dengan COD sebesar 64.005 mg/l. Berdasarkan kajian teknologi yang dilakukan dipilih tipe bioreaktor anaerob jenis Continues Stirred Tank Reactor CSTR dengan volume bioreaktor sebesar 2808 m3 dan HRT selama 6,79 hari . Digunakan simulasi untuk memprakirakan proses dan hasil yang terjadi pada sistem Pembangkit Listrik Biogas dari POME PLTBg POME .Berdasarkan hasil simulasi bahan baku POME sebesar 167766 kg/jam dapat menghasilkan 2777 kg/jam. Hasil simulasi Gas Engine menghasilkan energi listrik sebesar 1050 kW. Produksi biogas sebesar 2.988.889 m3/ tahun, serta energi listrik yang dihasilkan sekitar 5380 MWh per tahunnya.Nilai investasi sekitar 3.663.119 USD dapat menarik para investor jika harga jual tarif listrik diwilayah sumatera lebih dari 1.500 IDR/kWh, dengan IRR sebesar 11,2 dan NPV sebesar USD 43.010. dan payback period sekitar 8 tahun.

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ABSTRACT Electrification ratio Jambi Province is the lowest in Sumatra with eletrification ratio around to 39.59 . Needed the addition of electrical energy in Jambi, especially in areas which not reached by electricity. One of choice is using biogas derived from liquid waste from palm oil mill or called Palm Oil Mill Effluent POME into electrical energy.As it is known palm oil is the largest plantation commodity in Jambi, liquid waste from palm oil mill is still not used only accommodated in open ponds which can lead to the formation of greenhouse gas emissions.In this research will be using data from one of the oil palm plantations in Jambi, with POME production about 144 859 tonnes year. With COD 64 005 mg l. Based on studies conducted chosen technology type anaerobic bioreactor types Continues Stirred Tank Reactor CSTR with volume of bioreaktor 2808 m3 and HRT for 6,79 days Using a simulation to predict the processes and outcomes that occur on the system of POME Biogas Power Plant PLTBg POME .Based on simulation results feed POME 16766 kg hour will be produce methane 2777 kg hour, it can be generate electicity 1050 kW.Biogas production amounted to 2,988,889 m3 year, and the electrical energy produced approximately 5380 MWh per year.Investment value approximately 3,663,119 , will be attractive for investors if the sale price of electricity tariffs in the region of Sumatra more than 1,500 IDR kWh, with an IRR of 11 2 and a NPV of USD 43 010. and payback period of about 8 years.

Abstrak :

Asam palmitat merupakan asam lemak jenuh yang paling banyak terdapat dalam air buangan industri kelapa sawit (Palm Oil Mill Effluent, POME). POME menyebabkan tingginya kebutuhan oksigen kimia dan berdampak kepada kerusakan ekosistem di perairan. Pada penelitian ini, asam palmitat dalam sistem emulsi air-etanol dan satu fasa (air) dengan pH basa digunakan sebagai model limbah cair POME untuk di elektrooksidasi menggunakan anoda Boron-Doped Diamond (BDD) secara kontinu dan batch. Karakterisitik kinerja anoda BDD di amati melalui siklik voltametri dan kronoamperometri, sedangkan penurunan asam palmitat dimonitor dengan pengukuran Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) dan LCMS-MS pada setiap waktu elektrooksidasi. Selain itu, untuk melihat umur pakai anoda BDD dan stabilitas struktur BDD pada elektrolisis asam palmitat telah dipelajari juga penggunaan potensial tinggi. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa elektrooksidasi asam palmitat pada sistem campuran air-etanol maupun tanpa etanol terjadi secara tidak langsung melalui pembentukan radikal hidroksida pada daerah dekat pembebasan oksigen. Indikator penurunan asam palmitat dalam sistem emulsi air-etanol baik secara kontinu dan batch ditunjukan oleh penurunan COD yang berturut-turut mencapai 75,91% dan 75.46% selama 1 jam elektrooksidasi pada potensial +10,0V. Penurunan COD dipengaruhi oleh besarnya potensial yang diberikan dan lama waktu elektrooksidasi. Pada metoda kontinu, potensial yang diterapkan +10,0V dan lama waktu elektrookasidasi 4 jam tercapai penurunan COD sebesar 87,61%, sedangkan pada metoda batch, potensial yang diterapkan +3,0V dan lama waktu elektrooksidasi sama yaitu 4 jam tercapai penurunan COD tertinggi sebesar 85,75%. Sedangkan penurunan asam palmitat dalam sistem tanpa etanol dan potensial yang diterapkan +5,0V selama 5 menit elektrooksidasi menunjukan efisiensi yang rendah yaitu 37,16% dan bertambahnya waktu penurunan COD konstan. Studi stabilitas struktur BDD menunjukan bahwa penerapan potensial tinggi dan lama waktu elektrooksidasi 4 jam telah menyebabkan penurunan kualitas struktur BDD.

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POME causes high chemical oxygen demand and impacts on the damage to the ecosystem in the waters. In this study, palmitic acid in a emulsion system of water ethanol and one-phase system of water and alkaline pH was used as a model of POME liquid waste to be electrooxidated using Boron-Doped Diamond (BDD) anodes continuously and in batches. The performance characteristics of BDD anodes are observed through voltammetry cyclic and chronoamperometry, whereas the decrease in palmitic acid is monitored by the measurement of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and LCMS-MS in every time of electro-oxidation. In addition to looking at the life span of BDD anodes and the stability of BDD structures, high potential use in palmitic acid electrolysis has also been studied. The results of the study indicated that the electro-oxidation of palmitic acid in the water-ethanol emulsion system and the without ethanol occurs indirectly through the formation of hydroxide radicals in the area near oxygen evolution. Indicators of a decrease in palmitic acid in water-ethanol mixture system both continuously and in batch are shown by a decrease in COD which respectively reached 75,91% and 75,46% for one hour of electro-oxidation at a potential of +10,0V. The decrease in COD is influenced by the magnitude of the potential given and the time length of electro-oxidation. In the continuous method, when the potential applied was + 10,0V and the time length was four hours of electro-oxidation, it achieved a COD reduction to 87,61%, while in the batch method, the potential applied was +3,0V and the time length of electro-oxidation was the same that is ie 4 hours, it achieved the highest COD reduction into 85,75%. On the other hand, the decrease of palmitic acid in the solution system without ethanol and the potential applied +5,0V for 5 minutes of electro-oxidation showed a low efficiency of 37,16% and increased time to decrease COD constant. The study of BDD structure stability showed that the application of high potential and the time length of electro-oxidation of 4 hours has caused a decrease in the quality of BDD structure.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Indonesia merupakan negara penghasil Crude Palm Oil terbesar di dunia. Pada proses produksi CPO akan dihasilkan sejumlah besar limbah cair (Palm Oil Mill Effluent) yang mengandung banyak unsur hara seperti N, P, K, Mg, dan Ca. Pada penelitian ini akan ditinjau potensi dari POME sebagai media kultivasi bagi Chlorella vulgaris. Pengamatan dilakukan pada C. vulgaris yang dikultivasi pada medium Walne serta medium POME dari kolam aerob dan fakultatif. Penelitian ini menunjukkan C. vulgaris yang dikultivasi dalam POME dari kolam aerob memiliki rata-rata laju pertumbuhan spesifik, kandungan protein (8,52%), dan kandungan klorofil tertinggi (0,165%). Sedangkan C. vulgaris yang dikultivasi dalam POME dari kolam fakultatif memiliki kandungan lipid tertinggi (3,90%). Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa POME memiliki potensi untuk dimanfaatkan menjadi medium.

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ABSTRACT
Indonesia is the largest Crude Palm Oil producer in the world. On CPO production, there will generate large amount of Palm Oil Mill Effluent that contain a lot of nutrients, namely N, P, K, Mg, and Ca. This research will review the potential of POME as a medium of C. vulgaris. An observation is applied on C. vulgaris that cultivated on a medium Walne and POME which come from aerobic and facultative pond. This study showed that C. vulgaris that cultivated in POME from aerobic pond have the higest specific growth rate, protein content (8.52%), and chlorophyll content (0.165%). Whereas C. vulgaris that cultivated in POME from facultative pond have the highest lipid content (3.90%). This study propose that POME has a potential to be utilized as a medium.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Biosurfaktan adalah agen aktif permukaan (surfaktan) yang dapat menurunkan tegangan permukaan minyak dan dapat digunakan dalam peningkatan perolehan minyak bumi secara hayati (Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery / MEOR). Bakteri Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4 diharapkan dapat bertahan pada kondisi reservoir yang memiliki suhu dan salinitas tinggi sehingga cocok untuk digunakan dalam MEOR. Uji potensi dengan media agar darah menunjukkan hemolisis tipe alfa (α) yang menunjukkan adanya biosurfaktan yang diproduksi oleh bakteri Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4. Kultur starter optimum didapatkan setelah pertumbuhan selama 6 jam. Komposisi POME yang digunakan dianalisis dengan GC-MS dan didapatkan susunan utamanya adalah asam oleat dan asam palmitat. Kondisi optimum produksi biosurfaktan pada konsentrasi POME (v/v) 20%, suhu 65°C, pH 8 dan konsentrasi NaCl (w/v) 7% dengan nilai ODA 1,382 cm dan nilai IFT 1,817 dyne/cm. Hasil analisis FTIR menunjukkan adanya gugus asam karboksilat ataupun ester yang mengindikasikan jenis biosurfaktan asam lemak.

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ABSTRACT
Biosurfactant is surface active agents (surfactant) that is able to reduce surface tension of oil and can be utilized for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR). Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4 is a strain of microorganism that is able to survive in high temperature and salinity as in oil reservoirs, which will be suitable for MEOR. Hemolysis assay with blood agar showed alpha type hemolysis that indicated biosurfactant produced by Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4. The optimum starter culture is obtained after 6 hours of culitvation. Composition of POME is analyzed with GC-MS which primarily consisted of oleic acid and palmitic acid. Optimum biosurfactant production is at POME concentration (v/v) of 20%, 65°C temperature, pH 8 and NaCl concentration (w/v) of 7% with ODA value 1.382 cm and IFT 1,817 dyne/cm. FT-IR analysis showed functional groups of carboxylic acid or ester which indicated fatty acid class biosurfactant.

Abstrak :
The main focus of this article was to investigate the potential of natural zeolite adsorbent for the removal of CO2 and H2S in biogas produced from palm oil mill effluent (POME) in fixed-bed column adsorption. The effects of the flowrates and dosage of the adsorbent on the CO2 adsorption were also studied. The surface area of the adsorbent was determined using the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) model, while the pore size distribution was calculated according to the Barrett, Joyner, and Halenda (BJH) model. The morphology of the adsorbent was determined by field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray (FESEM-EDX) analysis. Before and after purification, the biogas was analyzed by gas chromatography with a thermal conductivity detector and polydimethylsiloxane as a column. Biogas from the POME, via the anaerobic digestion process, produced 89% CH4 and 11% CO2. The surface and structure of the clinoptilolite zeolites was modified by a strong acid (1M HCl), strong base (1M NaOH), and calcination at 450°C, and the surface area of the natural zeolites was reduced up to 16%. The working capability of CO2 adsorption by the modified zeolites decreased with increasing flow rates (100, 200, and 300 mL/min) of the biogas, with levels of CO2 at 106,906, 112,237, and 115,256 mg/L. The removal of the CO2 in the biogas by using adsorbent dosages of 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 g was 97,878, 97,404 and 93,855 mg/L, respectively. The optimum purification of the biogas occurred under the flow rate of 100 mL/min and adsorbent dosage of 2.5 g. The high working capability of the modified zeolites for the removal of CO2 in the biogas was a key factor, and the most important characteristic for the adsorbent. The results indicate that clinoptilolite zeolites are promising adsorbent materials for both the purification and upgrading of biogas.

Abstrak :
The main focus of this article was to investigate the potential of natural zeolite adsorbent for the removal of CO2 and H2S in biogas produced from palm oil mill effluent (POME) in fixed-bed column adsorption. The effects of the flowrates and dosage of the adsorbent on the CO2 adsorption were also studied. The surface area of the adsorbent was determined using the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) model, while the pore size distribution was calculated according to the Barrett, Joyner, and Halenda (BJH) model. The morphology of the adsorbent was determined by field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray (FESEM-EDX) analysis. Before and after purification, the biogas was analyzed by gas chromatography with a thermal conductivity detector and polydimethylsiloxane as a column. Biogas from the POME, via the anaerobic digestion process, produced 89% CH4 and 11% CO2. The surface and structure of the clinoptilolite zeolites was modified by a strong acid (1M HCl), strong base (1M NaOH), and calcination at 450°C, and the surface area of the natural zeolites was reduced up to 16%. The working capability of CO2 adsorption by the modified zeolites decreased with increasing flow rates (100, 200, and 300 mL/min) of the biogas, with levels of CO2 at 106,906, 112,237, and 115,256 mg/L. The removal of the CO2 in the biogas by using adsorbent dosages of 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 g was 97,878, 97,404 and 93,855 mg/L, respectively. The optimum purification of the biogas occurred under the flow rate of 100 mL/min and adsorbent dosage of 2.5 g. The high working capability of the modified zeolites for the removal of CO2 in the biogas was a key factor, and the most important characteristic for the adsorbent. The results indicate that clinoptilolite zeolites are promising adsorbent materials for both the purification and upgrading of biogas.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Saat ini permintaan akan CPO semakin tinggi, sedangkan untuk membangun pabrik kelapa sawit dibutuhkan investasi yang sangat besar, maka investor memerlukan perhitungan atas tingkat pengembalian yang akan diperoleh. Tesis ini membahas bagaimana menganalisis kelayakan investasi dari aspek keuangan, danmelakukan analisis kelayakan risiko dengan menggunakan simulasi.Data didapatkan dari perusahaan terkait, kontraktor dan berbagai sumber lainnya.Hasil dari perhitungan yang dilakukan adalah NPV sebesar Rp 114.875.873.933,-, IRR sebesar 33,68%, DPP selama 4 tahun 1 bulan, dan PI sebesar 2,21. Hasil dari analisis simulasi adalah tidak ada NPV yang bernilai negatif, dan NPV rata-rata adalah Rp 93.058.092.785,38. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa investasi ini layak untuk dijalankan

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ABSTRACT
Currently, demand for CPO is getting higher, while to build palm oil mill is required enormous investments. Hence, investors need to calculate the rate of return that would be earned. This thesis discusses how to analyze the investment feasibility from financial aspects, and conduct feasibility risk analysis by using simulation. Data were obtained from related companies, contractors and various other sources. The calculation results are NPV of Rp 114.875.873.933,-, IRR 33,68%, DPP for 4 years and 1 months, and PI 2,21. There is no negative NPV from simulation analysis, and the average NPV is Rp 93.058.092.785,38. The analyses conclude that this investment is feasible to run