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Abstrak :
This book explores the lived experience of pain, and questions of identity and pain, from a range of different disciplinary perspectives within the humanities and social sciences. Discussing the acuity and temporality of pain, its isolating impact, the embodied expression of pain, pain and sexuality, gender and ethnicity, it also includes a cluster of three chapters discusses the phenomenon and experience of labour pains. This book revitalizes the study of pain, offering productive ways of carefully thinking through its different aspects and exploring the positive and enriching side of world-forming pain as well as its limiting aspects. It will be of interest to academics and students interested in pain from a range of backgrounds, including philosophy, sociology, nursing, midwifery, medicine and gender studies.

Abstrak :

Tujuan: (1) Untuk menganalisis persepsi nyeri, (2) untuk mengevaluasi konsentrasi substance P, dan (3) untuk mengetahui hubungan antara persepsi nyeri dan konsentrasi substance P selama fase aligning awal perawatan ortodonti cekat yang menggunakan sistem preadjusted edgewise (PE) bracket dan sistem passive self-ligating (PSL) bracket. Metode penelitian: Lima belas pasien (6 laki-laki, 9 perempuan; rerata usia 24,47 ± 4,26 tahun) yang menjadi subjek penelitian dibagi ke dalam tiga kelompok: pasien yang dirawat dengan sistem preadjusted edgewise, pasien yang dirawat dengan sistem passive self-ligating (PSL), dan pasien yang tidak menerima perawatan atau kelompok kontrol. Penilaian persepsi nyeri dan pengambilan cairan sulkus gingiva dilakukan pada empat waktu: sebelum pemasangan bracket dan archwire, serta 2, 24, dan 168 jam setelah pemasangan archwire. Cairan sulkus gingiva diambil dari sulkus gingiva bagian interproksimal dari gigi-geligi anterior bawah. Persepsi nyeri diukur dengan menggunakan skala analog visual. Konsentrasi substance P ditentukan dengan menggunakan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hasil: Skor VAS tertinggi pada masing-masing kelompok didapati pada waktu 24 jam pasca pemasangan bracket dan archwire. Rerata skor VAS pada kelompok preadjusted edgewise ebih seringgi dibandingkan kelompok PSL pada masing-masing waktu, tetapi tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Konsentrasi substance P tertinggi diamati pada 2 jam dan 24 jam pasca pemberian gaya pada kedua kelompok sistem bracket, tetapi perbedaan tersebut tidak signifikan bila dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Konsentrasi substance P pada kelompok kontrol relatif stabil, kecuali pada waktu 2 jam. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara persepsi nyeri dan konsentrasi substance P. Kesimpulan: Persepsi nyeri dan konsentrasi substance P tidak dipengaruhi oleh sistem bracket. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara persepsi nyeri dan konsentrasi substance P antara kelompok preadjusted edgewise dan PSL.

Kata kunci: Fase aligning; perawatan ortodonti; persepsi nyeri, substance P

 

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Objectives: (1) To study patient pain perception, (2) to evaluate substance P concentrations, and (3) to find a possible correlation between pain perception and substance P concentrations during initial orthodontic tooth alignment using preadjusted edgewise and self-ligating bracket (SLBs) systems. Methods: Fifteen patients (6 males, 9 females; mean age of 24.47 ± 4.26 years) were enrolled in the study and were divided into three groups: those given preadjusted edgewise brackets, those given passive SLBs, and those given no orthodontic treatment to serve as a control group. Pain assessment and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) sampling were performed at four time points: before bracket placement and arch-wire engagement and then 2, 24, and 168 hours (h) after arch-wire engagement. GCF was collected from the interproximal gingival sulcus of each lower anterior tooth. Pain perception was recorded with the use of a visual analog scale (VAS). Substance P concentrations were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The highest VAS score for each group was found at 24 h following bracket placement and arch-wire engagement. The mean VAS in the preadjusted edgewise group was higher than the VAS score in the SLB group at each time point, but were not significantly different at any time point. The highest substance P concentrations were found at 2 h and 24 h after force application in both the preadjusted edgewise and SLB group, but none of these time points showed statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups. The substance P concentration in the control group was relatively stable, except at 2 h. No correlation was found between pain perception and substance P concentrations. Conclusions: Pain perception and substance P concentrations were not significantly different between the different bracket systems. No correlation was found between pain perception and substance P concentrations in the use preadjusted edgewise and SLB systems.

Keywords: Orthodontic tooth alignment; pain perception; substance P

 

 

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Studi ini menguji pengaruh faktor biologi tekanan darah sistolik , faktor psikologi trait neuroticism dan trait extraversion serta faktor sosial status sosial-ekonomi dan status sosial-subyektif terhadap persepsi dan ekspresi rasa sakit. Partisipan N=201 berasal dari dua kelompok sosial-ekonomi, yaitu bawah dan atas. Rasa sakit diinduksi oleh tes cold-pressor yang secara signifikan meningkatkan tekanan darah, persepsi sakit dan kecemasan. Terdapat pengaruh neuroticism terhadap peningkatan persepsi sakit afektif dan kecemasan. Terdapat pengaruh langsung trait kepribadian neuroticism terhadap persepsi rasa sakit sensoris, yang kemudian persepsi sakit afektif. Neuroticism mempengaruhi ekspresi sakit pada wajah secara tidak langsung. Tidak ditemukan pengaruh langsung extraversion terhadap persepsi sakit sensoris. Temuan ini menegaskan peran dimensi afektif-motivasional dari pengalaman sakit. Indeks Ekspresi kesakitan pada wajah perlu dikembangkan lebih lanjut dalam konteks masyarakat Indonesia sebagai alternatif pengukuran rasa sakit. Kata kunci: ekspresi wajah; kecemasan, persepsi sakit; tes cold-pressor;neuroticism

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ABSTRACT
The study examined the effects of biological factor systolic blood pressure , psychological neuroticism and extraversion traits of personality , and social factor socio economic status and subjective social status on perception and expression of cold pressor pain. Two hundreds and one participants from upper and lower socio economic status were recruited. Pain induced by cold pressor significantly increased blood pressure and heart rate, pain perception and state anxiety during the test. There were effects of neuroticism on increasing affective pain perception and state anxiety during the test. There was a direct effect of neuroticism on sensory pain perception, which later had direct effects on state anxiety, systolic blood pressure and also on affective pain perception. There was an indirect effect of neuroticism on pain expression. There was no direct neither indirect effects of extraversion on pain perception. The study confirmed the important role of affective motivational dimension of pain. The possibility to develop the imdex of pain expression specified for Indonesians was discussed