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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Pisang merupakan komoditas buah tropika unggulan Indonesia yang pengembangannya didukung oleh pemerintah Indonesia. Pisang Ampyang merupakan salah satu pisang yang banyak digemari dan dikonsumsi. Ketersediaan bibit berkualitas merupakan salah satu tantangan bagi petani pisang Ampyang dalam pemenuhan permintaan pasar. Perbanyakan pisang Ampyang secara in vitro menjadikan salah satu alternatif menjanjikan untuk ketersediaan bibit dipasaran. Namun pertumbuhan pisang Ampyang yang relatif cepat menjadi kendala di dalam kultur in vitro yang berdampak pada seringnya periode subkultur. Paclobutrazol adalah salah satu senyawa yang memiliki aktifitas dapat menghambat sintesis giberelin pada tanaman dan mampu mengurangi pertumbuhan vegetatif pada tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian berbagai konsentrasi paclobutrazol (2,5 ppm; 5 ppm; 7,5 ppm) terhadap kultur in vitro pisang Ampyang pada fase planlet untuk menekan pertumbuhan planlet pisang Ampyang. Pengamatan dilakukan mulai 2-10 minggu setelah tanam (MST). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada jumlah daun tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antar konsentrasi peclobutrazol yang diberikan selama 10 MST. Pada peubah pengamatan jumlah akar baru terendah terdapat pada konsentrasi 2,5 ppm pada 4 MST hingga 8 MST. Panjang akar menunjukkan akar terpendek terdapat pada 7,5 ppm dari 4 MST hingga 8 MST. Tinggi tanaman terendah terdapat pada pemberian paclobutrazol pada konsentrasi 5 ppm.

Abstrak :
Black rice (Oryza sativa L. “Cempo Irengâ€) is one of local rice varieties in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. The black color is caused by high anthocyanin content which is important source of antioxidant. The cultivation of black rice is still limited due to its tall phenotype, long vegetative stage and low productivitycompared to white rice. Paclobutrazol is a growth retardant causing dwarfing in several crop plants and reducing lodging. Blue light can improve plant quality. This research was aimed to evaluate the effect of blue light and paclobutrazol on seed germination, vegetative growth and yield of black rice. The results showed that the average of seed germination as well as the activity of α-amylase of seeds subjected to blue light were lower compared to those subjected to sunlight; however, paclobutrazol concentrations did not affect seed germination percentage. The height of rice plants treated with paclobutrazol decreased in accordance with the increase of paclobutrazol concentration. Chlorophyll content and tiller numbers increased by paclobutrazol treatment of 12.5 ppm. Nitrate reductase activity was higher in rice seedlings subjected to blue light compared to those subjected to sunlight. Iron (Fe) content of rice plants treated with 25 or 50 ppm paclobutrazol increased compared to control. It was concluded thatpaclobutrazol applicationof 12.5 ppmalready reduced plant height. The higher concentration of paclobutrazol applied the greater reduction on plant height was observed.Blue light treatment applied during black rice seed germination slightly reduced germination percentage and α-amylase activity in the germinated seeds. However, blue light treatment combined with paclobutrazol application during black rice seed germination increased chlorophyll content, tiller numbers and Fe content in black rice grain.