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"Proses penawaran harga untuk suatu produk secara erat menempatkan pihak perusahaan, su/yn’/er dan pelanggan di dalam sebuah supply chain. Penawaran yang baik, hasil produk yang sesnai dengan permintaan tidak hanya memlnerikan keuntungan bagi pihak-pihak yang bertransaksi, telapi juga akan menempatkan perusahaan di dalam posisi yang menguntungkan, dimana perusahaan akan dikenal dalam hal tanggung jawab, efisiensi, pelayanan yang baik dan harga yang bersaing.Pemsahaan dengan sislem job order membuat barang sesuai dengan spesiikasi yang dibcrikan oleh pelanggan. Hal ini menjadi sangat mudah apalaila sclumh informasi yang dibutuhkan terscdia dan dapat dipahami baik oleh pelanggan maupun oleh pihak perusahaan. Pada kenyznaannya, seringkali pihak pelanggan tidal; mengerti dan tidak dapat memberikan informasi yang dibmuhkan olch pemsahaan. Dalam hal ini, pihak pcrusahaan bertanggung jawab dan wajib mcmberikan bantuan agar keinginan clari pclanggan dapat terwujud_ Terbatasnya informasi yang diberikan oleh pihak pclanggan, dan tidak adanya acuan yang dapat digunakan di dalam melakukan pcrhitungan harga Llapat menghalnbat proscs pcrhitungan penawaran harga pada perusahaanjnln order.Unluk mengatasi permasalahan yang Lerjadi, maka perlu dibuat suatu Stélmlzlr mcngenai barang-barang yang dibuat ulch perL1S€\|1i.\E\n, Sehingga dapal ditunjukan kepada pclanggan dan dapar menjadi acuan di dalam proscs pcrhimngan harga maupun proses pembuatan laarang yang diinginkan.

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The quotation process for a product tightly links the manufacturer and it’s suppliers and customers on a supply chain. An excellent record of successful quotes not only benefits trading partners, but also positions the mantifacturer on the market in terms ol` its responsiveness, etliciency, customer service, and competitive pricing.

A company with a job order system produces goods according to the specifications given by the customers. This will make everything be easier, ifthe information that are needed available, and understandably well by the customers and the company. In fact, most of the customers do not understand and can not give the information that are needed by the company. ln this case, the company has a responsibility and l't`lllSl help the customers to bring what they want into reality. Less information that are given by the customers, and less reference that can be used in calculating prices, might hamper the calculation process in a job order company.

In order to overcome the problem, a standard about goods that are going to be produced by the company has to be made, so we can tell and give the information to the customers, and can be referred to a price calculation or goods production."

"Written in a simple style that requires no advanced mathematical or statistical background, A First Course in Order Statistics introduces the general theory of order statistics and their applications. The book covers topics such as distribution theory for order statistics from continuous and discrete populations, moment relations, bounds and approximations, order statistics in statistical inference and characterization results, and basic asymptotic theory. There is also a short introduction to record values and related statistics.This classic text will aid readers in understanding much of the current literature on order statistics, a burgeoning field of study that is a requisite for any practicing statistician and an essential part of the training for students in statistics. The authors have updated the text with suggestions for further reading that readers may use for self-study."

"Skripsi ini membahas diplomasi ekonomi antara Jepang dan Indonesia melalui Bantuan Pembangunan Resmi pada masa Orde Baru tahun 1973-1979. Hubungan diplomasi antara kedua negara dimulai dengan pampasan perang pada tahun 1958—1970. Setelah hubungan kedua negara membaik pasca Perang Dunia II, diplomasi ekonomi antara kedua negara menjadi semakin dalam melalui investasi dan bantuan, termasuk Bantuan Pembangunan Resmi. Bantuan dari Jepang tersebut memberikan banyak manfaat bagi Indonesia untuk membangun negaranya dan Jepang mendapatkan banyak keuntungan melalui investasinya di Indonesia. Pada skripsi ini juga akan dibahas mengenai investasi Jepang di Indonesia yang memunculkan berbagai reaksi baik dari dalam negeri maupun dari luar negeri. Reaksi yang diterima Jepang salah satunya adalah tuntutan untuk memberikan jumlah bantuan yang sama besar dengan keuntungan yang Jepang dapatkan dari investasinya di Indonesia. Hal itulah yang kemudian menjadikan Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara utama penerima Bantuan Langsung Resmi dari Jepang.

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This thesis discusses about economic diplomation between Japan and Indonesia through Official Development Assistance (ODA) during the New Order period, between 1973 to 1979. Diplomatic relation between two countries began with war reparation in 1958 until 1970. After the relation between two countries cooled down since the end of World War II, economic diplomatic between them move towards deeper relation with investment and assistance, include Official Development Assistance. Japan’s assistance gave Indonesia a lot of help to do country development and Japan got a lot of advantages because of their investments in Indonesia. Also, this thesis will give explanations about Japan's investments in Indonesia that caused a lot of reaction from internal and eksternal. One of the reaction was Japan sued to give Official Development Assistance to Indonesia as big as what they got from their investments in Indonesia. This is one of other main reasons which caused Indonesia became one of majors recipient of Japan’s Official Development Assistance."

"ABSTRAKPT. X yang memiliki karakteristik sistem manufaktur job order dengan variasi produk dan lingkup pekerjaannya yang dimulai dari proses desain, sering menghadapi masalah yang berupa keterlambatan dan kenaikan biaya material. Karena proses pengadaan material di suatu perusahaan dilaksanakan berdasarkan suatu sistem-prosedur operasi, maka dilakukan review dan analisa pada sistem prosedur tersebut. Dalam suatu analisa, bagaimanapun juga, diperlukan suatu tolok ukur untuk mengkuant sir performance dari suatu sistem. Untuk itu dalam menganalisa sistem-prosedur tersebut, dilakukan pendekatan dengan metode PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique). Yaitu dengan menterjemahkan sistem-prosedur yang ada ke dalam suatu jaringan aktivitas, untuk kemudian dicari aktivitas-aktivitas yang kritis dengan metode CPM (Critical Path Method). Aktivitas-aktivitas yang termasuk dalam lintasan kritis tersebut diidentifikasi sebagai aktivitas yang mendapat prioritas dalam pengendaliannya.Langkah awal yang dilakukan dalam menganalisa adalah mengidentifikasi aktivitas-aktivitas yang ada dalam sistem-prosedur. Mulai dari proses desain sampai dengan proses pengadaan material, serta prosedur prosedur ekstern yang harus dipertimbangkan. Aktivitas-aktivitas tersebut dibuat dalam sequence aktivitas, untuk kemudian direview dan dianalisa apakah ada kemungkinan untuk memperbaiki performance sistem-prosedur dari segi waktu. Sebagai dasar analisa, dilakukan pengambilan data waktu durasi dari masing-masing aktivitas pada proyek masa lalu yang pernah dikerjakan oleh PT X.Dari data durasi tersebut akan diperoleh waktu optimis, most likely dan pesimis, sehingga dapat dihitung waktu yang dapat diharapkan (te) dan variansinya (6te2) yang menunjukkan performance dari suatu aktivitas.Setelah dilakukan analisa CPM pada sequence operasi proses pengadaan material tersebut dan dibandingkan dengan jadwal delivery kebutuhan material yang harus dipenuhi (yang diperoleh dari analisa CPM proses fabrikasi), maka akan didapaikan kemungkinan reduksi waktu delivery material yang dapat diharapkan dan probabilitasnya.Dari metode analisa yang digunakan diatas, juga menunjukkan bahwa sequence operasi/aktivitas dari proses desain dan pengadaan material harus dipertimbangkan dalam setiap penjadwalan suatu proyek Kemudian, dari hasil pembahasan, juga diperlukan langkah pengendalian dalam proses issuing material, seperti penentuan personil yang setara dalam hal tanggung jawab atas pengendalian inventory, dan perlunya penyediaan fasilitas mesin potong di gudang, baik yang ada di pabrik maupun di site. Dan juga diperlukan suatu sistem pengkodean dan informasi material yang merupakan sarana agar langkah pengendalian material dapat dilakukan secara maksimal.

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ABSTRACT

The system of manufacture of PT. X with job order characteristic and product variation, wherein scopes of supply include design process, have the problem about material delivery and loosing in cost of material.The system of manufacture of PT. X with job order characteristic and product variation, wherein scopes of supply include design process, have the problem about material delivery and loosing in cost of material.

Because process of material procurement to be done based on the procedure operation system, so review and analyze of the procedure are required. In the analysis, however, it is necessary to use the measure for quantifying performance of the system. Therefore, the analysis to be done with approach to PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) method. By this method, activities which are included in the all procedure system (and the extern procedure relating to) were translated in the activity sequence, thereafter can be found the critical activities by the Critical Path Method (CPM). All critical activities will be identified as the priority activities in the control of material delivery.

In the analysis, identification of activities of operation procedure is the first steps have to do. Beginning from design process to material procurement process, include the extern procedure which has to be considered. Thereafter, all activities to be transferred in the activity sequence to be reviewed and analyzed. As the basis of analyst, duration times of every activity are taken form previous projects had to be executed by PT. X.

Three time estimates such as optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic times will be obtained from those data, so can be calculated the expected elapsed time (te) and variance (te2) to indicate performance of an activity.

By the CPM analysis of the operation sequence of material procurement process, and comparing to delivery schedule of material requirement (to be found from CPM analysis of fabrication process), then can be obtained the result which make possible to reduce expected elapsed times of material delivery and their probabilities.

On the basis of the above analyze method, also shows that operation or activity sequence from design stage to material procurement process have to be considered in the scheduling of the project. In addition, discussion of issuing material process declares that it is necessary to control their implementation, such as assignment of appropriate personnel connection with responsible of inventory control, and it is important to provide cutting machine facility at warehouse, as well as both at factory and project site. And, in order to material control can be done in maximal manner, PT. 'X should applicate the material coding and information system."

"Indonesian general election 2004 is the second general election after the fall of Suharto's regime. There have been revolutionary changes on Indonesian general election law and system compare to Indonesian general election that took place during the New Order Regime. Indonesia general election 2004 got very large attention from around the world. Other slate were willing to assist in election by providing international observers la closely look at the fairness, impartial process of election have bee well achieved Observation on general election means gather information on the process of election and give opinions based on information which gathered by people that do not have any authority to intervene on the process. In contrast, Pengawas Pemilu (Indonesian General Election Observer) as a formal body which takes part on general election process has / duties to observe, take reports, carry on Ihe reports and settle any disputes. Therefore, Pengawas Pemilu has different functions and authorities compare to others. However, as long as people still do not have any confidence on the process regarding the fairness and neutrality of the general election committee, the role of general election observers is still very important."