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Abstrak :
Antioksidan dalam tanaman bertindak sebagai radical scavengers dan membuat radikal bebas mengalami penurunan reaktivitas. Antioksidan dapat ditemukan di dalam buah, sayuran, teh, dan lain sebagainya. Metode ekstraksi dengan bantuan gelombang mikro (MAE) telah digunakan untuk menyari senyawa aktif dalam tanaman, seperti pada tanaman Myrmecodia pendens. Parameter yang dapat digunakan untuk mengekstraksi dengan metode MAE yaitu konsentrasi etanol, volume pelarut, daya alat, serta waktu ekstraksi. Keuntungan menggunakan metode MAE yaitu mengurangi waktu ekstraksi serta mengurangi jumlah pelarut yang digunakan. Analisis dilakukan dengan bantuan response surface methodology guna mendapatkan kondisi ekstraksi yang bervariasi. Dalam uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH dan reducing power menggunakan metode MAE, didapat hasil berupa kemampuan inhibisi tertinggi dengan nilai IC50 terendah pada kondisi konsentrasi pelarut etanol sebesar 80%, rasio pelarut : sampel adalah 12 : 1, waktu ekstraksi 10 menit, dan daya alat 50% dengan nilai IC50 pada metode DPPH dan reducing power masing-masing adalah 0,78 dan 0,98 ppm.

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Antioxidants in plant material act as radical scavengers and helps in converting free radicals to less reactive. Antioxidants can be found in fruits, vegetables, tea, et cetera. Microwave-assisted extraction has been used for the extraction active compounds in plant, such as the extraction from Myrmecodia pendens. Several influential parameters of the MAE are ethanol concentrations, solvent volume, microwave power, and extraction time. The advantages of this methode include reduce extraction time and solvent volume. The analysis was performed with rsponse surface methodology in order to get varying extraction conditions. In this study about activity antioxidants by DPPH and reducing power method, shows that the highest inhibition capability with the lowest IC50 values is on​​ condition of 80% ethanol concentration, ratio of solvent : sample is 12 : 1, extraction time 10 minutes, and power of MAE 50% with IC50 values ​​in the method of DPPH and reducing power, respectively, 0.78 and 0.98 ppm.

Abstrak :
Medicinal plants, called "Sarang Semut", myrmecodia pendens Merr. & Perry (Rubiaceae) is an epiphyt traditionally used in Papua for healing various diseases such as hyperuricemia, reumathic, and cancer. A chemical compound recognized as xanthinoxidase inhibitor has been isolated from n-buthanol fraction of the palnt extrac. The isolation was carried out by column chromatography (Sio,CHCL - MeOH = 5 : 1-1 : ) and the purification was conducted using high presure liquid chromatography (RP,C - 18 ; MeOH - = 5 : 1)). The activity test for xanthinoxidase inhibitor was performmed by using modified Noro method. The pure compound showed xanthinoxidase inhibitor activity of IC at 79,77%

Abstrak :
Tumbuhan obat Indonesia, sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens) telah terbukti secara empiris mampu menyembuhkan berbagai macam penyakit termasuk kanker. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan isolasi senyawa antikanker dari hipokotil tumbuhan sarang semut menggunakan beberapa jenis pelarut dan menentukan struktur molekul senyawa aktif. Uji toksisitas dilakukan dengan metode brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) dan uji in vitro antikanker dengan metode microscopic counting menggunakan sel HeLa (sel kanker leher rahim), sel MCM-B2 (sel kanker payudara), dan sel Leukemia L1210. Elusidasi struktur kimia dilakukan dengan metode spektroskopi (UV-VIS, FT-IR, dan RMI). Berdasarkan uji toksisitas dan uji in vitro terhadap sel HeLa, MCM-B2, dan Leukemia L1210 maka ekstrak yang paling aktif adalah ekstrak air (A). Pemisahan dan pemurnian ekstrak air (A) dengan kromatografi kolom dan kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi preparatif menghasilkan tiga isolat relatif murni masing-masing IA2, IA4, dan IA6. Hasil uji tiga isolat terhadap sel Leukemia L1210 menghasilkan IC50 IA2 = 1,88 μg/ml, IC50 IA4 = 1,45 μg/ml, dan IC50 IA6 = 2,04 μg/ml. Ketiga isolat mempunyai efek sitotoksik kuat. Berdasarkan data spektroskopi, isolat IA6 diduga senyawa turunan karbohidrat. ......The Indonesian medicinal plant, sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens), has proved empirically capable to healing various diseases, including cancer. In this research, compound isolation of anticancer agent was carried out from sarang semut plant hypocotyls by some type of solvent and to determine active compound molecule structure. Toxicity test was conducted using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) and in vitro test using microscopic counting method by means HeLa cells (cervix cancer cell), MCM-B2 cell (breast cancer cell), and Leukemia cell L1210. Elucidation of chemical structure conducted by spectroscopy methods (UV-VIS, FT- IR, and NMR). According to toxicity and in vitro test on cells of HeLa, MCM-B2, dan Leukemia L1210, the most active extract is water extract (A). Separation and purification of water extract (A) by coloum chromatography and preparative high performance liquid chromatography has produce three relative pure isolates namely IA2, IA4, and IA6. The test result on the three isolates on Leukemia L1210 cell produce IC50 IA2 = 1,88 μg/ml, IC50 IA4 = 1,45 μg/ml, and IC50 IA6 = 2,04 μg/ml. The three isolates has strong cytotoxic effect. According to spectroscopy data, isolate IA6 indicate carbohydrate derivate compound.