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"It is well known that almost all of dental treatment in dentistry especially in oral surgery associated with pain. It is make uncomfortable feeling and fear for the patient. It is responsibility for the dentist to know the patofisiology of pain and how to relief it. Recently, beyond knowledge and technology in dentistry and pharmacology, there are many drugs to relief of pain, especially from derived NSAID. For selecting analgesic drugs, accurately or effective and minimal side effect, perhaps we must to know the biotransformation of NSAID. Generally, NSAID drugs it choose who works specific in COX-2 inhibitor and work minimized in COX-1."

"Keratocyst is the mosy aggressive type of odontogenic cysts with high recurrence rate. The main factors that contribute to its recurrence rate are presumed to be thinness of the cyst wall, the high copability of the cyst epithelium to proliferate or multiplicate and the presence of the microcysts in the mother cyst capsule. The treatment of the lesion is still controversial and ranges from enucleation to resection. A relatively new approach to the therapy of keratocysts is to fix, that the cyst in a fixation agent for preventing spillage of vital epithelial cells during surgery."

"ABSTRAKPada penelitian ini yang ingin diketahui kadar slg A whole saliva pada keadaan Debas karies dan karies aktif. Dengan mengetahui kadar slg A kita dapat memperkirakan kepekaan seseorang terhadap karies.Subyek penelitian untuk bebas karies dan karies aktif masing 20 orang murid SD yang berumur 12 tahun, tanpa adanya penyakit - penyakit mulut lain. Sampel untuk sIg A diambil dari whole saliva tanpa rangsangan. Kemudian saliva disentrifuge 3000-4000 rpm selama Z0menit. Saliva akan terpisah menjadi 2 bagian dan supernatan yang letaknya di atas digunakan pada penelitian ini. Penentuan kadar sIg A dilakukan dengan metoda imunodiffusi radial mepurut Mancini.Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan kadar sIg A saliva pada kelompok karies aktif lebih tinggi dari pada kelompok bebas karies. Dengan uji t ( p = 0,05 ) didapatkan perbedaan kadar slg A tidak bermakna pada kedua kelompok tersebut."

"This summary has been provided to allow managers and executives a rapid appreciation of the content of the article. Those with a particular interest in the topic covered may then read the article to take advantage of the more comprehensive description of the research undertaken and its results to get the full benefit of the material present. Customer satisfaction is crucial to the success of any business. A dissatisfied customer relates his or her bad experience with a service provider to, on average, between 10 and 20 other people. Service recovery - the action the service provider takes in response to poor service quality - must therefore be carried out effectively in order to pacify the dissatisfied customer and reduce the damage in the relationship. Researcher examines service recovery in Telkomsel' s customers. Analysis on 137 respondents have proved that service recoveries effect 3 perceived justice. They are procedural justice, interactional justice and distributive justice. Procedural justice makes the strongest contribution, while interactional justice contributes less. Moreover, customers who are satisfied with the service recovery are more likely to trust the firm, less likely to make harmftil comments about it to family and friends and, to a lesser extent, are more likely to be loyal and committed to the firm. Satisfied complainants show significantly higher ratings for trust, word of mouth and loyalty than their counterparts who are dissatisfied with the service recovery. Ordinary, satisfied customers are more likely to trust the firm and talk positively about it to family and friends than are the satisfied complainants. Dissatisfied complainants are less likely to trust the firm and more likely to criticize it to family and friends than are dissatisfied non-complainants, but there is no significant difference between dissatisfied complainants and dissatisfied non-complainants in their level of loyalty and WOM intentions to the firm. complainant jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan trust pada satisfied non-complainant. mi mengindikasikan adanya recovery paradox. Sementara WOM dan loyalty pada satisfied complainant dan satisfied non-complainant memiliki nilai yang tidak terlalu berbeda. Dari penelitian mi, penulis menilai dalam pandangan pelanggan Telkomsel bahwa service recovery berhasil jika awal dari dari tahap sistem tersebut (procedural justice) dilakukan dengan benar. Sementara penangan yang sangat baik pada pelaksanaan service recovery menjaga citra perusahaan dari dampak WOM negatif. Dan adanya indikasi recovery paradox, menunjukkan bahwa Telkomsel masih mempunyai peluang dalam peningkatan kepuasan konsumen. Pelayanan terhadap pelanggan yang komplain haruslah dipertahankan untuk membantu mengetahui kebutuhan pelanggan yang selalu berubah dan penilaian kinerja perusahaan selarna mi.

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This summary has been provided to allow managers and executives a rapid appreciation of the content of the article. Those with a particular interest in the topic covered may then read the article to take advantage of the more comprehensive description of the research undertaken and its results to get the full benefit of the material present. Customer satisfaction is crucial to the success of any business. A dissatisfied customer relates his or her bad experience with a service provider to, on average, between 10 and 20 other people. Service recovery - the action the service provider takes in response to poor service quality - must therefore be carried out effectively in order to pacify the dissatisfied customer and reduce the damage in the relationship. Researcher examines service recovery in Telkomsel' s customers. Analysis on 137 respondents have proved that service recoveries effect 3 perceived justice. They are procedural justice, interactional justice and distributive justice. Procedural justice makes the strongest contribution, while interactional justice contributes less. Moreover, customers who are satisfied with the service recovery are more likely to trust the firm, less likely to make harmftil comments about it to family and friends and, to a lesser extent, are more likely to be loyal and committed to the firm. Satisfied complainants show significantly higher ratings for trust, word of mouth and loyalty than their counterparts who are dissatisfied with the service recovery. Ordinary, satisfied customers are more likely to trust the firm and talk positively about it to family and friends than are the satisfied complainants. Dissatisfied complainants are less likely to trust the firm and more likely to criticize it to family and friends than are dissatisfied non-complainants, but there is no significant difference between dissatisfied complainants and dissatisfied non-complainants in their level of loyalty and WOM intentions to the firm. Researcher examines Telkomsel that service recovery should be done on the right way. It could be helped the others justice such as interactional justice and distributive justice run successfiully. The management of the procedure of service recovery and deployment of trained and skilled personnel to handle customer complaints are important to ensure satisfaction with the service recovery. On the other hand, good treatment on the service recovery is extremely maintained the company image from negative impact, such as WOM (Words of Mouth). Indicated recovery paradox showed that Telkomsel is still has the opportunity to improve customer satisfaction. Telkomsel should have a system to handle any kind of complaints. It is help Telkomsel to know customer's need well and Telkomsel performance be assessed."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai pola distribusi dan frekuensi kanker mulut sesuai letak, jenis kelamin, jenis kanker dan usia dari tahun 1985-1987. Diharapkan hasil yang didapat berguna untuk menambah/melengkapi data yang sudah ada. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada Rumah Sakit di 5 wilayah DKI Jakarta yang mampunyai Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi. Penentuan data berdasarkan diagnosa Histopatologi dari sediaan yang berasal dari jaringan mulut sesuai dengan klasifikasi ICD-WHO. Analisa data dilakukan dengan membuat persentasi menurut usia, jenis kelamin, letak kelainan dan jenis kanker. Dari 3023 kasus yang diteliti didapatkan hasil 434 (14%) kasus kanker mulut dengan frekuensi tertinggi pada pria (54.84 %). Pada penelitian ini juga didapatkan "range" kanker mulut antara usia 6 bulan - 95 tahun, dan kelompok usia 41-50 tahun mempunyai angka kejadian yang paling tinggi {20.74%). Lokasi yang paling banyak terkena kanker adalah lidah (21.18%). Dari 30 macam diagnosa histopatologi yang didapat, karsinoma sel skuamosa merupakan jenis kanker yang paling sering terjadi {52.07%)."

"Pada dua dekade terakhir ini, telah dikembangkan suatu metode deteksi infeksi HPV yang memiliki tingkat akurasi sensitifitas yang jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan Pap Smear, yaitu Hybrid Capture. Peneihian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan rancangan primer secara in silica sebagai pengganti probe untuk memodifikasi Hybrid Capture. Sekuens DNA HPV didapat dari database Los Alamos National Laboratory. Sekuens genom HPV hanya difokuskan pada daerah Late Gene (L 1 dan L2) yang berfungsi untuk menyandi protein kapsid (pembungkus) HPV. Sequence alignment dilakukan masing-masing untuk sekuens L 1 dan L2 HPV dari database yang bertujuan untuk mencari kesamaan antar sekuens. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah conserved region antar sekuens nukleotida sebagai template pelekatan primer. Agar hasil analisis conserved region dapat dipertanggung jawabkan, maka perlu dilakukan database similiarity searching melalui Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLA?T). Diperoleh 7 region terbaik, yaitu region 1 dari hasil alignment daerah gen L 1 tipe HPV 16; 18; 31; 45. Region 21, 31,43,45, 46 dari hasil alignment daerah gen L 1 tipe HPV 11; 16; 18; 31; 35; 68 Regi?n 52 dari hasil alignment daerah gen L2 tipe HPV 16; 18; 52."

"ABSTRAKMukositis sebagai efek samping dari pemberian kemoterapi dan radioterapi, danmerupakan respon peradangan sel epitel mukosa meliputi peradangan mulut,esophagus, dan saluran pencernaan (Eilers & Million, 2011). Penelitian ini adalahpenelitian uji klinis randomisasi menggunakan desain double blind dengankelompok kontrol, pre dan post test untuk mengidentifikasi perbandingan larutanmadu dengan klorhexidine 0,12% terhadap stadium mukositis. Hasil penelitianpada 23 responden yang diambil secara Consecutive sampling denganrandomisasi, didapatkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap proporsistadium mukositis sebelum dan sesudah perawatan mulut pada larutan madu(p=0,000) dan klorhexidine 0,12% (p=0,005). Perbandingan perbedaan proporsistadium mukositis pada kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi tidaksignifikan (p=0,413), hasil uji klinis didapatkan bahwa dengan penggunaan madusebagai larutan untuk perawatan mulut pada anak dengan kanker yang mengalamimukositis dapat menurunkan stadium mukositis sebesar 75%. Disimpulkanlarutan madu secara uji statistik dan uji klinis dapat menurunkan stadiummukositis, dan proporsi penurunan stadium mukositis pada madu lebih besardaripada kelompok klorhexidine. Disarankan secara ekonomis madu dapatdigunakan untuk perawatan mulut pada anak dengan kanker yang mengalamimukositis.

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ABSTRACTMucositis as a side effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and a mucosalepithelial cell inflammatory responses includes inflammation of the mouth,esophagus, and gastrointestinal tract (Eilers & Million, 2011). The study was arandomized clinical trial, study design using a double-blind with the controlgroup, pre and post test to identify the mead comparison with 0.12%chlorhexidine. Results of the study on 23 respondents taken Consecutivesampling with randomization, showed no significant difference to the proportionof mucositis stadium before and after oral treatment in a solution of honey (p =0.000) and chlorhexidine 0.12% (p = 0.005). Comparison of differences in theproportion of stage mucositis in the control group and intervention group was notsignificant (p = 0.413), the results of clinical trials found that the use of honey asa solution for oral care in children with cancer who experience stage mucositismucositis can lower by 75%. Concluded mead in statistical tests and clinical trialsto reduce mucositis stage, and the proportion of stage decline in honey mucositisgreater than chlorhexidine group. Economically advisable honey can be used fororal care in children with cancer who experience mucositis."

"Latar Belakang: HPV high-risk, terutama HPV-18, diduga memiliki hubungan dengan karsinoma sel skuamosa rongga mulut (KSSRM) menurut beberapa penelitian. Namun, hubungan infeksi HPV-18 dengan KSSRM di Indonesia belum diketahui dengan baik. Tujuan: Untuk mendeteksi infeksi HPV-18 pada pasien karsinoma sel skuamosa rongga mulut di Rumah Sakit Kanker Dharmais. Metode: PCR konvensional digunakan untuk mendeteksi DNA HPV-18 pada 59 spesimen formalin fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) dari jaringan kanker pasien KSSRM yang diekstraksi menggunakan TaKaRa DEXPAT TM Easy DNA Mini Kit. Amplifikasi PCR menggunakan primer spesifik E7 HPV-18 dengan target 172 bp. Hasil dan Kesimpulan: HPV-18 terdeteksi pada 2 dari 59 spesimen FFPE (3.39%).

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Background: High-risk HPV, especially HPV-18, is thought to have a relationship with oral squamous cell carnicoma according to several studies. However, the relationship of HPV as a risk factor of OSCC in Indonesia is not well understood.

Objective: To detect HPV-18 infection in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients at Dharmais Cancer Hospital.

Method: Conventional PCR was used to detect the DNA of HPV-18 in 59 formalin fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens from cancer tissues of OSCC patients extracted using TaKaRa DEXPAT TM Easy DNA Mini Kit. PCR amplification used HPV-18 E7 specific primers with target of 172 bp.

Result and Conclusion: HPV-18 was detected in 2 of 59 of FFPE sections (3.39%)."