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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Obstruksi saluran pernapasan atas OSNA adalah penyempitan di bagian nasofaring dan orofaring sehingga menimbulkan gejala sesak napas. Anak dengan obstruksi saluran pernapasan atas mempunyai kebiasaan bernapas melalui mulut sehingga menyebabkan palatum dalam. Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang analitik dengan metode consecutive sampling yang dilakukan pada anak laki-laki dan perempuan dengan riwayat penyakit rinitis alergi, hipertrofi adenoid, obstructive sleep apnea, rhinosinusitis, dan polip nasal. Dilakukan analisis perbedaan kedalaman palatum antara anak OSNA yang datang ke Klinik Respirologi dan Klinik Imunologi Alergi Kiara Pusat Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak RSCM Jakarta sebagai kelompok subjek, dan anak tanpa OSNA yang datang ke Klinik Gigi Anak RSGM FKG UI sebagai kelompok kontrol. Kedalaman palatum dihitung melalui analisa studi model rahang atas menggunakan kaliper dengan ketepatan 0,1 mm. Analisis data dengan metode Mann-Whitney menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedalaman palatum anak OSNA dengan kedalaman palatum anak pada kelompok kontrol p 0,001 . Berdasarkan penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa obstruksi saluran pernapasan atas dapat menyebabkan terjadinya palatum dalam.ABSTRACT
Upper airway obstruction is a blockage in nasopharynx or oropharynx areas. In Children, upper airway obstruction leads to mouth breathing habit, this could result high palatal vault. Cross sectional analytic study was conducted with consecutive sampling method on boys and girls with rhinitis allergy, adenoid hypertrophy, obstructive sleep apnea, rhinosinusitis, and nasal polyp. This study analyzed comparation the palate depth between children with upper airway obstruction attending Pediatric Respirology and Immunology Allergy Outpatient Clinic Kiara Maternal and Child Health Center at RSCM Jakarta as a subject group, and children without upper airway obstruction attending Pediatric Dentistry Clinic in Dental Hospital Faculty of Dentistry University of Indonesia. The hard palate measurement were made with upper arch study model using caliper with precision 0,1 mm. According to Mann Whitney test, there was a significant difference in the palate depth between children with upper airway obstruction and children without upper airway obstruction p 0,001 . Based on this study, upper airway obstruction can cause high palate.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Frequent upper respiratory tract infections and allergic reactions may cause upper respiratory tract obstruction (OURT). Mouth breathing (MB) occurs in individuals with nasal breathing problems. A person with MB will raise his head higher; thus, MB is a risk factor for head posture (HP) deviation. Children with MB during growth and development may exhibit dentocraniofacial (DCF) deviation. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of MB, HP, and DCF deviation in OURT patients to know risk factors of HP deviation, morphological aberrations of DCF and DCF deviation growth and development. Methods: This cross sectional study included 285 OURT subjects aged 9 until 15 years. Data obtained from cephalometric analysis, physical examination, and questionnaires were analyzed. Results: Of 285 OURT subjects, 80.4% showed MB, 44.2% HP deviation, and 66.7% DCF deviation. As risk factors for DCF deviation, MB and HP showed odds ratios of 20.45 and 8.11 and population attributable risks of 87.5% and 59.7%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of MB and DCF deviation in OURT patients is high, but that of HP deviation is generally comparable. MB and deviated HP are risk factors for DCF deviation growth and development.