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"Adsorption Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) adalah metode penyimpanan energi termal berbasis adsorpsi yang digunakan untuk mengatasi ketidakseimbangan antara supplai dan permintaan energi pada waktu bersamaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan sistem adsorpsi agar menghasilkan energi yang lebih besar dan sistem yanglebih ekonomis. Disertasi ini menyajikan analisa dari sistem ATES dengan menggunakan adsorben alami berupa zeolit alam asli Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini juga dilakukan modifikasi zeolit alam dengan menggunakan larutan NaCl untuk memperoleh kapasitas adsorpsi yang lebih baik. Adsorben yang digunakan adalah zeolit alam asal Blitar dan air sebagai fluida kerjanya. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan beberapa variasi massa materialadsorben (NZE activated dan zeolit alam hasil modifikasi NaCl). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adsorben zeolit alam yang dimodifikasi dengan menggunakan larutan NaCl terbukti meningkat luas permukaannya hingga 38.8% dengan struktur yang tetap stabil, memiliki area gugus H2O yang lebih luas serta mampu menghasilkan beda temperatur yang cukup tinggi yaitu rata-rata hingga 50oC pada saat proses adsorpsi.Energy Storage Density (ESD) untuk zeolit alam hasil modifikasi lebih besar dibandingkan zeolite alam sebelum modifikasi yaitu hingga 290.6 kWh/m3 dengan nilai efisiensi tertinggi yaitu 41%.

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Adsorption Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) is an adsorption-based thermal energy storage method used to address the imbalances between supply and demand of

energy. The purpose of this research is to improve the adsorption system in order to produce a greater energy and a more economical system. This dissertation presents an

assessment of natural zeolite from Blitar, Indonesia that is applied as an adsorbent in the ATES system. To obtain a better adsorption capacity, the natural zeolit was modified using NaCl solution and water as the working fluid. The measurements were made with several mass variations of the adsorbent material (pure natural zeolit and natural zeolit modified by NaCl). The results showed that the natural zeolit adsorbent modified using NaCl solution was shown to have increased surface area until 38.8% with a stable structure, had a wider H2O goup area, and was able to produce a quite high-temperatur difference, which is up to 50oC on average during the adsorption process. The value of Energy Storage Density (ESD) for modified natural zeolitis higher than pure natural zeolit, which is up to 290.6 kWh/m3. The highest efficiency value reaches 41%."

"There is an abundant source of naturally occurring mordenitein the Bayah region of Indonesia. In this work we studied how acid dealumination of this indigenous zeolite affected its physical, chemical and catalytic properties. The results are compared to those obtained with another natural mordenite and a commercially available synthetic mordenite. Acid dealumination of mordenites is known to affect the pore structure and therefore enhance the adsorption-properties of the zeolite and the accessibility to its acidic sites. A series of dealuminated mordenite samples were prepared. They were refluxed in constant boiling HCl as a function of time. The samples were each subsequently exchanged with IN ammonium nitrate. The Si/Al ratio was determined by X-Ray Fluorescence. The presence of other metals was detected with Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy and Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy. Nitrogen Adsorption was used to determine the surface area and the pore size distribution. Crystallinity and unit cell size were determined via X-Ray Diffraction. The surface morphology was probed with Scanning Electron Microscopy. An n-hexane cracking test was utilized to probe catalytic activity and selectivity. The results of this study indicate that up to and including sixteen hours of reflux, dealumination of this natural Indonesian mordenite increases the crystallinity and the average pore size, however the surface area and the unit cell size remain constant. Additional reflux, beyond sixteen hours, destroyed a portion 'of the zeolitic framework, indicated by a loss in crystallinity. Cracking activity increased through sixteen hours .of ref lux and was found to be constant thereafter. Total' C2, C3 and C4 {including isobutene) selectivity improved through sixteen hours of reflux and then also remained constant. In comparison to a commercially available sample of synthetic mordenite, the modified Indonesian mordenite ,is less active, but has comparable selectivity. However, compared to the naturally occuring U.S. mordenite, the modified Indonesian mordenite has improved physical and catalytic properties."