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"ABSTRACTThis paper outlines a study carried out to answer the questions asked by an architect of the Siena Municipality Office during a conference at our Department on the management of traffic flows through the Siena North city road system. The purpose of the study was to ascertain if changes in the road system introduced and included in the new City Development Plan would resolve the current traffic congestion issues. In order to answer this question, we used the technology for the development of vehicle traffic system simulators which was introduced during our previous projects (TASK Quart. 14 (4) 405, 17 (3) 155, 20 (1) 9, 20 (3) 273). "

"In this research, a layered-recurrent artificial neural network (ANN) using the back-propagation method was developed for simulation of a fixed-bed industrial catalytic reforming unit called Platformer. Ninety-seven data points were gathered from the industrial catalytic naphtha reforming plant during the complete life cycle of the catalytic bed (about 919 days). Ultimately, 80% of them were selected as past horizontal data sets, and the others were selected as future horizontal ones. After training, testing, and validating the model with past horizontal data, the developed network was applied to predict the volume flow rate and research octane number (RON) of the future horizontal data versus days on stream. Results show that the developed ANN was capable of predicting the volume flow rate and RON of the gasoline for the future horizontal data sets with AAD% (average absolute deviation) of 0.238% and 0.813%, respectively. Moreover, the AAD% of the predicted octane barrel levels against the actual values was 1.447%, which shows the excellent capability of the model to simulate the behavior of the target catalytic reforming plant."

"Biodiesel adalah bahan bakar alternatif pengganti solar yang diperoleh dari sumber-sumber energi yang dapat diperbaharui. Bahan baku utama dari biodiesel adalah minyak tumbuh-tumbuhan dan alkohol. Biodiesel dihasilkan salah satunya melalui reaksi trans-esterifikasi. Trans-esterifikasi adalah reaksi antara minyak sawit (triacyglicerol) dengan methanol dibantu Natrium Hidroksida sebagai katalis yang menghasilkan biodiesel (alkyl ester) dan gliserol sebagai produk sampingan. Pada Thesis ini dibahas pemodelan reaksi pembentukan biodiesel dengan penurunan persamaan reaksi dan persamaan energi yang terjadi pada Continous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) biodiesel. Dari model yang diperoleh selanjutnya akan dilakukan simulasi dan linierisasi pada titik kerja. Selanjutnya dirancang sistem kendali untuk mendapatkan kendali yang terbaik. Dari hasil perancangan sistem kendali, sistem berhasil dikendalikan dan memenuhi stabilitas yang diinginkan walaupun masih terdapat overdamped.

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Biodiesel is an alternatif of renewable fuel for petrodiesel replacement. The main raw materials used for biodiesel is vegetabel oils and alkohol. Biodiesel is produced by trans-esterification reaction. Trans-esterification is the reaction of palm oil (triacyglicerol) and methanol with Natrium Hidroxyde as catalyst which yields biodiesel (alkyl ester) and glycerol as secondary product.

This paper will study the modeling of biodiesel reaction by deriving reaction equation and energi equation in biodiesel CSTR. The next step is simulation and linearization in steady state point. The simulation result will become a reference for the best control system design. The system is managed to be controlled eventhough there are still some overdamped."

"This book provides an insight of relevant case studies and updated practices in “PharmaceuticalSupply Chains” (PharmSC) while addressing the most relevant topics within the COST Action “Medicines Shortages” (CA15105).The volume focuses on the most recent developments in the design, planning and scheduling ofPharmSC, broadening from the suppliers’ selection to the impact on patients and healthcaresystems, addressing uncertainty and risk mitigation, and computational issues. It is directed at MSc/PhD students and young researchers (Post-Docs) in Pharmaceutics/Pharmaceutical sciences, Engineering fields, Economics/Management, as well as pharmaceutical decision makers, managers, and practitioners, and advanced readers demanding a fresh approach to decision making for PharmSC. The contributed chapters are associated with the homonymous COST Training Schools (TS), and the book creates a better understanding of the Action “Medicines Shortages” challenges and opportunities."

"Green supply chain (GSCM) adalah pendekatan yang muncul dalam manajemen rantai pasokan untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan dari proses yang berkaitan dengan aliran barang dan material. Hal ini dianggap sebagai sistem kejadian diskrit. Salah satu alat yang memungkinkan untuk memodelkan sistem kejadian diskrit adalah jaring Petri. Sebuah model Colored Petri Net (CPN) dari model GSCM tersebut dikembangkan, alasan untuk menggunakan CPN daripada Petri nets biasa adalah karena memungkinkan pelekatan data (atau warna). Tesis ini mengembangkan model CPN untuk jaringan GSCM, dan memverifikasinya dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari penelitian lain sebagai studi kasus untuk membandingkan hasil simulasi rantai pasok ke depan. Setelah model tersebut terbukti serupa, dan oleh karena itu dapat mewakili rantai pasok yang sebenarnya. Model CPN diperluas menjadi CPN jaringan GSCM dengan menggunakan data yang sama dengan studi kasus. Hasil dari simulasi menunjukkan bahwa menerapkan reverse logistic dalam jaringan rantai pasok untuk menjadikannya sebagai jaringan GSCM adalah hal yang memungkinkan dan berpotensi menguntungkan perusahaan.

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Green supply chain is an emerging approach in supply chain management to reduce environmental impact of the process concerning the flow of goods and material. It is considered as a discrete-event system. One possible tool to model discrete-event systems is Petri nets. A Colored Petri Net (CPN) model of the said green supply chain model is developed, the reason to use a CPN rather than ordinary Petri nets is because it allows the attachment of data (or color). This thesis developed a CPN model for a GSCM network, and verify it by using a secondary data from another research as a case study to compare the results of the forward supply chain simulations. After the model is proven to be similar, and therefore representative of the real supply chain. The CPN model are expanded to be a GSCM network CPN using the same data as the case study. The results of the simulation indicated that implementing reverse logistic in a supply chain network to make it a GSCM network is possible and potentially beneficial to the company."

"Reconfigurable Manufacturing System (RMS) adalah sistem manufaktur yang mempunyai kemampuan mengkonfigurasi ulang hardware, software dan pusat kontrol pada level fungsional dan organisasional supaya secara cepat menyesuaikan kapasitas dan fungsionalitas produksi sebagai respon terhadap pasar atau syarat pengaturan sistem yang berubah secara tiba-tiba. Skripsi ini membahas mengenai pembuatan model simulasi RMS untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan perilaku RMS yang dilihat berdasarkan hasil produksi dan penggunaan waktu produksi. Adapun karakteristik RMS yang diteliti pada model simulasi RMS ini, yaitu scalability, convertibility dan integrability. Model ini dibuat dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak pemodelan berorientasi objek: Plant Simulation 9.0. Dari hasil simulasi dan analisis, karakteristik scalability, convertibility dan integrability dapat dipahami dengan lebih baik sehingga diharapkan dapat berguna dalam perancangan RMS di industri manufaktur.

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Reconfigurable Manufacturing System (RMS) is a manufacturing system that has an ability to reconfigure hardware, software and control resources at all of the functional and organizational levels, in order to quickly adjust production capacity and functionality in response to sudden changes in market or in regulatory requirements. This thesis discusses the design of simulation model of RMS to learn the characteristics and behaviors of RMS based on the production result and the use of production time. The characteristics of RMS discussed in RMS simulation model are scalability, convertibility and integrability. This model was created using object-oriented modeling software: Plant Simulation 9.0. From the simulation result and analysis, the characteristics of scalability, convertibility and integrability could be better understood, thus it would be useful in the design of the RMS in the manufacturing industry."

"ABSTRAKNuklir adalah salah satu sumber energi baru yang patut dipertimbangkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi nasional. Penggunaan bahan nuklir berbasis thorium oksida ThO2 telah dikembangankan oleh beberapa negara maju sebagai bahan bakar nuklir untuk mengurangi dan menggantikan pemakaian uranium yang banyak digunakan sebagai bahan bakar untuk pembangkit listrik tenaga nuklir PLTN di dunia. Pada saat ini Batan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional BATAN berusaha merancang suatu reaktor daya eksperimental RDE dari turunan reaktor tipe High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor HTGR . Reaktor nuklir tipe HTGR mempunyai dua bentuk bahan bakar yaitu prismatik dan bola pebble . RDE yang akan dikembangkan di Indonesia mempunyai bahan bakar uranium dan atau thorium berbentuk bola. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pemodelan dan simulasi panas pembangkitan oleh reaksi fisi yang disebabkan oleh neutron, dan perpindahan panas antara bahan bakar bentuk pebble dengan media pendingin gas helium pada reaktor daya eksperimental. Analisis neutronik dan termal-aliran dalam teras RDE seperti ini belum pernah dilakukan di Indonesia. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh desain teras yang aman pada kondisi neutronik yang kritis dari teras RDE. Pemodelan dan simulasi transport partikel neutron untuk analisis pembangkitan panas reaksi fisi dilakukan dengan perangkat lunak berbasis metoda monte carlo-MCNP, dan untuk fenomena transport dalam proses pendinginan RDE dilakukan dengan perangkat lunak komputasi dinamika fluida FLUENT 6.3. Teras aktif RDE dimodelkan dengan geometri silinder berdiameter 180 cm dan tinggi 197 cm. MCNP dapat memodelkan struktur geometri bahan bakar bola dalam teras reaktor RDE dengan baik untuk mensimulasikan transport neutron dan distribusi reaksi fisi. Aliran pendingin gas helium melalui bola-bola bahan bakar dalam teras reaktor dimodelkan sebagai aliran fluida dalam medium berpori. Tiga mode perpindahan panas dan aliran turbulen pendingin dimodelkan dalam proses pendinginan. Dari pemodelan dan simulasi neutronik diperoleh nilai kritikalitas keff =1.0921 dan densitas daya yang dihasilkan sebesar 2.03 watts/cm3. Hasil ini kemudian dimasukkan dalam pemodelan proses pendinginan dan aliran fluida dalam teras RDE sehingga menghasilkan temperatur maksimum pendingin gas helium sebesar 970.32K. Kritikalitas neutronik keff lebih dari satu, tetapi tak melebihi 1,3 dan kondisi termal teras menunjukkan bahwa desain teras RDE sangat aman.

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ABSTRACTNuclear is one of new energy sources that should be considered to meet national energy demands. The usage of Thorium Oxide ThO2 based nuclear fuel has been developed by some developed countries to reduce and replace Uranium that was commonly used as nuclear fuel for nuclear power plants in the world. Nowdays, BATAN is trying to design an experimental power reactor RDE which is the derivative type of High Temperature Gas cooled Reactor HTGR . HTGR has two types of fuel i.e. Prismatic and Pebble. RDE, which will be developed in Indonesia uses spherical uranium and or thorium as its fuel. This research performs modeling and simulation of fission heat generation caused by neutronas well heat transfer between fuel pebble and helium gas as cooling medium in the experimental power reactor. This thermal flow analysis in the RDE core has never been conducted in Indonesia. The objective of this study is to obtain a safe reactor core design in critical neutronic condition of the RDE core. Modeling and simulation of neutron particle transport for fission heat generation analysis were conducted using a software based on Monte Carlo method MCNP, and for the transport phenomena in the cooling process of RDE was conducted using computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT 6.3.26. RDE active core was modeled using cylindrical geometry with a diameter of 180 cm and 197 cm high. MCNP can model the geometrical structure of the Pebble fuel within the RDE core properly to simulate neutron transport and distribution of fission reaction. Flow of helium gas coolant through the pebble fuel in the reactor core was modeled as a fluid flow in a porous medium. Three types of heat transfer and turbulent coolant flow were modeled in the cooling process. Results obtained from Neutronic modeling and simulation i.e. criticality values of 1.0921 keff and average power density of 2.03 watts cm3. These results were later inserted into the cooling process and fluid flow modeling in the RDE core, so that generate the maximum temperature of the coolant helium gas at about 970.32 K. Neutronic criticality more than one, but not exceeding 1.3 and the core thermal conditions showed that the design of the RDE core is very safe."

"This book collects ​a number of papers presented at the International Conference on Sensing and Imaging, which was held at Chengdu University of Information Technology on June 5-7, 2017. Sensing and imaging is an interdisciplinary field covering a variety of sciences and techniques such as optics, electricity, magnetism, heat, sound, mathematics, and computing technology. The field has diverse applications of interest such as sensing techniques, imaging, and image processing techniques. This book will appeal to professionals and researchers within the field. "

"Nonlinear Dynamics, Volume 1: Proceedings of the 36th IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics, 2018, the first volume of nine from the Conference brings together contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on fundamental and applied aspects of Nonlinear Dynamics, including papers on; Nonlinear System Identification, Nonlinear Modeling & Simulation, Nonlinear Reduced-order Modeling, Nonlinearity in PracticeNonlinearity in Aerospace Systems, Nonlinearity in Multi-Physics Systems, Nonlinear Modes and Modal Interactions, and Experimental Nonlinear Dynamics."