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"Tesis ini membahas tentang aliansi militer Amerika Serikat dan Korea Selatan dengan memberikan perhatian khusus pada kredibilitas kebijakan extended deterrence melalui penelitian kualitatif deskriptif sebagai desain penelitian. Penyerangan Korea Utara terhadap Kapal Cheonan milik Korea Selatan dan serangan artileri di Pulau Yeonpyeong pada tahun 2010 merupakan ancaman konvensional yang dilakukan Korea Utara. Sementara ujicoba nuklir dan rudal Korea Utara pada tahun 2006 dan 2009 membawa kekhawatiran lebih terhadap stabilitas keamanan Korea Selatan. Pada akhirnya memunculkan pertanyaan tentang efektivitas extended deterrence yang diberikan Amerika Serikat terhadap Korea Selatan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa level komitmen merupakan alasan gagalnya kebijakan extended deterrence yang diberikan Amerika Serikat dalam mencegah serangan Korea Utara pada kurun waktu 2005 hingga 2010. Komitmen kebijakan nuklir, relokasi dan pengurangan jumlah pasukan, serta kampanye war on terrorism Amerika Serikat merupakan alasan extended deterrence tidak mampu menahan serangan Korea Utara terhadap Korea Selatan.

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The focus of this study is the United States and South Korea military alliance with special attention to the credibility of extended deterrence policy through qualitative descriptive research design. The sink of South Korea’s battleship, Cheonan and the attack on Yeonpyeong Island in 2010 were the conventional threats to South Korea. Meanwhile, North Korea nuclear ballistic missile tested in 2006 and 2009 stimulated anxiety in South Korea’s security stability side. Those conditions made a question about the effectiveness of United States extended deterrence policy toward South Korea. The commitment level is the reason why United States extended deterrence policy failure in preventing North Korea attack from 2005 to 2010. Nuclear commitment, relocation and size of military presence, and war on terrorism policy are the reason why the United States extended deterrence failed to prevent North Korea attack on South Korea. "

"Studi ini menganalisis tindakan Turki yang tidak menunjukkan komitmen kuat dalam aliansinya dengan NATO melalui kebijakan pembelian sistem pertahanan udara dan rudal S-400 dari Rusia pada tahun 2016. Studi ini mengaplikasikan teori dilema aliansi dari Glenn Snyder untuk menganalisis dilema keamanan negara terhadap aliansinya yang mempengaruhi perilaku negara sehingga mempengaruhi komitmen negara dalam aliansi tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode penelusuran causal-process tracing (CPT) dengan pengambilan data melalui studi kepustakaan. Analisis memberikan hasil bahwa komitmen Turki yang melemah terhadap NATO dipengaruhi oleh dilema aliansi yang dialami Turki. Faktor penentu dilema aliansi oleh Snyder secara garis besar dibagi menjadi dua kategori yaitu ketergantungan langsung dan tidak langsung. Ketergantungan langsung adalah tingkat ketergantungan yang mencakup empat hal, yaitu, pertama perbandingan kapabilitas militer Turki dengan negara ancaman, yakni Suriah; kedua, kemampuan militer NATO dalam memberikan bantuan; ketiga, tingkat tensi dan konflik Turki dengan Suriah; dan keempat, pilihan Turki untuk melakukan re-aliansi. Sedangkan, ketergantungan tidak langsung meliputi kepentingan strategis antara Turki dan NATO. Analisis penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Turki memiliki ketergantungan langsung dan tidak langsung rendah, sehingga Turki lebih takut akan risiko ditinggalkan (abandonment) di dalam aliansinya dengan NATO. Untuk menghindari hal tersebut Turki memilih strategi membelot (defect) dengan cara memperlemah komitmen atau mencari aliansi baru melalui pembelian sistem pertahanan udara dan rudal S-400 dari Rusia.

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This study analyzes Turkey's behavior which indicates wavering commitment towards its alliance with NATO, as seen through its purchase of S-400 air defense missile system from Russia in 2016. The alliance dilemma theory by Glenn Snyder is applied to analyze the state's security dilemma of its alliance that influences state behavior, which in turn will affect the state commitment towards its alliance. This research is a qualitative study using causal-process tracing (CPT) method by collecting data through literature study. The analysis denotes Turkey's weakened commitment is influenced by the dilemma of alliance undergone by Turkey. The five determinants of the alliance dilemma by Snyder are divided into two categories: direct and indirect dependence. Direct dependence includes four points; first, the comparison of Turkey's military capabilities with the country considered as a threat, Syria; second, NATO's military capability in providing assistance; third, the level of tension and conflict between Turkey and Syria; and fourth, Turkey's option to re-alliance. Indirect dependency covers the strategic interests between Turkey and NATO. The research analysis shows that Turkey has low direct and indirect dependence to NATO, which as a result Turkey is more apprehensive of abandonment risk in its alliance with NATO. To avoid this outcome, Turkey chose the strategy to defect by weakening commitment or seeking new alliance through the purchase of S-400 air defense missile system from Russia."

"ABSTRAKThe rising importance of the Indo-Pacific to the world's politics, economic and security accompanied with the significant rise of China's economy and military power in the region has shifted the U.S. military focus from the Middle-East to the Indo-Pacific region. In 2011, Obama announced its grand policy called "Rebalance to Asia" as a respond to the rise of China and was manifested as a counterbalancing efforts. In doing so, the U.S. intended to increase its military presence through enhanced military alliance with its allies in the region. Australia is the US staunchest ally in the region under the alliance of ANZUS Treaty. Besides, the two countries also shared converging national interests and threat perceptions towards China's growing military power and assertive in the region. This article discussed the U.S-Australia military alliance as a support to the U.S. Rebalance Strategy in counterbalancing China's rise in the Indo-Pacific region. The enhanced military alliance indicated that the US will remain engage in region. In addition, the research is constructed by using the concept of balance of power and military alliance through qualitative research method."