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"Obstructive sleep apnea adalah salah satu komorbid asma yang saat ini menjadi perhatian karena menyebabkan hipoksia intermiten akibat OSA sehingga terjadi kerusakan lapisan endotel, terbentuknya mikropartikel, dan inflamasi. Penurunan arus puncak ekspirasi (APE) dan kualitas hidup (PAQLQ) juga berkaitan dengan asma sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh inflamasi terhadap APE dan PAQLQ pada anak asma disertai komorbid OSA.Penelitian cross-sectional komparatif dilakukan di Banding pada anak asma usia 7–15 tahun disertai dan tanpa OSA, pada bulan Agustus 2020 sampai Juni 2021. Penjaringan asma klinis berdasarkan gejala dan riwayat pengobatan dilakukan berdasarkan kuesioner ISAAC, diagnosis asma dengan peak flow meter, dan diagnosis OSA dengan polisomnografi. Sitokin pro-inflamasi diperiksa dengan metode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) dan mikropartikel endotel diperiksa menggunakan flow cytometer. Data diolah menggunakan program SPSS 20.0 dan diuji dengan uji t tidak berpasangan, uji Mann-Whitney, uji korelasi Pearson dan Spearman Rho. Uji path analysis (Structural Equation Modeling, SEM) menggunakan program JASP versi 0.16.1.Jumlah subjek adalah 32 anak asma disertai OSA dan 48 anak asma tanpa OSA. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada indeks masa tubuh/IMT (p = 0,01), hipertrofi tonsil (p = 0,009), persentase APE (p = 0,02), semua domain nilai PAQLQ, dan kadar mikropartikel endotel antara kedua kelompok. Eosinofil dan neutrofil berpengaruh pada APE, sedangkan interleukin-6, eosinofil, neutrofil, CD62E+/CD31- mikropartikel, dan APE berpengaruh pada penurunan nilai PAQLQ pada kelompok anak asma disertai OSA. Disimpulkan mikropartikel endotel berperan pada patomekanisme asma dengan komorbid OSA.

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Obstructive sleep apnea is comorbid of asthma causes intermittent hypoxia due to damage the endothelial layer, release of microparticles, and inflammation. Decreased peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and quality of life (PAQLQ) are also associated with asthma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of inflammation on PEFR and PAQLQ in asthmatic children with comorbid OSA.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in asthmatic children aged 7–15 years with and without OSA, from August 2020 to June 2021. Asthma symptoms and therapeutic history were carried out using the ISAAC questionnaire, diagnosis of asthma by a peak flow meter, and diagnosis of OSA by polysomnography. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were examined using the ELISA method and endothelial microparticles were examined using a flow cytometer. Statistical analysis using SPSS program v.20.0 and analyzed by unpaired t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, Pearson and Spearman Rho test. Path analysis test (Structural Equation Modeling, SEM) using JASP v.0.16.1.

The number of subjects was 32 asthmatic children with OSA and 48 asthmatic children without OSA. There were significant differences in body mass index/BMI (p = 0.01), tonsil hypertrophy (p = 0.009), PEFR percentage (p = 0.02), all domains of PAQLQ values, and endothelial microparticle levels between the two groups. Eosinophils and neutrophils have an effect on PEFR, whereas interleukin-6, eosinophils, neutrophils, CD62E+/CD31- microparticles, and PEFR have an effect on decreasing PAQLQ values ​​in the group of asthmatic children with OSA. It is concluded that endothelial microparticles have an influence on the pathomechanism of asthma with comorbid OSA."

"This thesis demonstrates a technology that enables pipetting-free high-throughput screening (HTS) on a miniaturized platform, eliminating the need for thousands of one-by-one pipetting and conventional liquid handling systems. This platform enhances accessibility to HTS and enables HTS to be used in small-to-medium scale laboratories. In addition, it allows large-scale combinatorial screening with a small number of valuable cells, such as patients primary cancer cells. This technique will have a high impact for widespread use of HTS in the era of personalized medicine.In this thesis, the author firstly describes the need and concept of partipetting for pipetting-free HTS platform. It is realized by the one-step pipetting and self-assembly of encoded drug-laden microparticles (DLPs) on the microwells. Next, the technical implementations required for the platform demonstration are described. It includes preparation of encoded DLPs, plastic chip fabrication, and realization of automated system. Lastly, screening of sequential drug combinations using this platform is demonstrated. This shows the potential of the proposed technology for various applications. "

"Molibdenum disulfida merupakan aditif gemuk yang terkenal karena memiliki sifat ketahanan aus yang sangat baik. Ukuran partikel memengaruhi kinerja aditif, dimana semakin kecil ukuran partikel akan memberikan sifat ketahanan aus yang semakin baik. Namun diperlukan biaya yang semakin besar untuk memperoleh partikel berukuran kecil. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan penelitian terkait kombinasi ukuran partikel aditif molibdenum disulfida terhadap efektivitas kerja pelumasan gemuk untuk memaksimalkan efisiensi biaya yang diperlukan. Pembuatan gemuk dilakukan melalui reaksi saponifikasi minyak sawit sebagai bahan dasar dengan asam 12-hidroksi stearat, kalsium hidroksida, dan asam asetat sebagai pengental. Hasil bio-gemuk kalsium kompleks NLGI 2 selanjutnya dicampur dengan bubuk aditif molibdenum disulfida 1% b/b. Ukuran partikel aditif divariasikan menjadi 5 μm (Mb), 2 μm (Mk), dan 100 nm (N). Selain itu, dilakukan variasi kombinasi dua ukuran meliputi Mb+Mk, Mb+N, Mk+N, serta kombinasi tiga ukuran dengan komposisi berbeda. Partikel dikarakterisasi ukurannya menggunakan TEM dan PSA. Sedangkan gemuk dikaraktersasi menggunakan uji penetrasi, dropping point, dan four-ball. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan aditif molibdenum disulfida dapat mencegah keausan. Selanjutnya, kombinasi tiga ukuran terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan performa anti-wear, diikuti dengan kombinasi dua dan satu ukuran, dimana hasil paling optimum yaitu dengan komposisi 1:1:1. Namun, penambahan aditif tidak memengaruhi tingkat penetrasi dan dropping point.

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Molybdenum disulfide is a grease additive known for its excellent anti-wear properties. Its performance is affected by particle size, where the smaller the particle will provide better anti-wear performance. In consequence, higher costs are needed. Therefore, research is needed on the particle size combination of molybdenum disulfide particles on tribological performance to achieve cost efficient grease. The grease is made through the saponification reaction of palm oil as base material with 12-hydroxystearic acid, calcium hydroxide, and acetic acid as thickener. The resulting NLGI 2 calcium complex bio-grease was then mixed with 1% w/w molybdenum disulfide powder. The additive particle size was varied into 5 μm (Mb), 2 μm (Mk), and 100 nm (N). Various combinations of two sizes were also carried out, while three sizes were varied by its compositions. Particles were characterized using TEM and PSA, meanwhile bio-grease using penetration, drop point, and four ball tests. The results showed that the addition of molybdenum disulfide could prevent wear. Furthermore, combination of three sizes was proven to be effective in increasing anti-wear performance, followed by combination of two and one size, with optimal results of 1:1:1. However, the addition of additives did not affect the penetration rate and drop point."