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Abstrak :
Cloud computing has revolutionized the IT industry by offering huge storage for data outsourcing and also for computation. Various security issues concerned with security and privacy of data arise in the context of data outsourcing. The framework enables clients to outsource encrypted data to the cloud, enables users to retrieve preferred documents using multiple keywords and allows the user to verify the response from the server. The strength of the proposed model relies on the discrete logarithmic problem of Hyper Elliptic Curve Cryptography (HECC) and the security of Merkle trees. The paper proposes a user verifiable multi-keyword search scheme, which focuses on: (i) construction of inverted index for the documents with keywords; (ii) index and document encryption by HECC; (iii) index and document authentication by the Merkle tree; and (iv) verification of the accuracy of response from server by top hash or root hash value of the Merkle tree. Security analysis and results demonstrate the correctness of proposed multiple keyword search (MKS) scheme. The search algorithm combined with the hash value verification process by the Merkle tree is strong enough to provide data security, privacy, and integrity. The proposed model reduces the storage overhead on both the client’s and user’s side. As the number of documents increases, the retrieval time is less, which reduces the storage overhead on both sides.

Abstrak :
Proposal tesis ini mempelajari referensi yang digunakan oleh Satoshi Nakamoto untuk memahami prinsip-prinsip yang dia gunakan untuk memecahkan masalah pembelanjaan ganda. Masalah pengeluaran ganda adalah risiko bahwa mata uang digital dapat dibelanjakan dua kali. Ini adalah masalah potensial yang unik untuk mata uang digital karena informasi digital dapat direproduksi dengan relatif mudah oleh individu yang memahami jaringan blockchain dan memiliki kekuatan komputer yang diperlukan untuk memanipulasinya. Untuk memahami motifnya, semua kutipan yang disebutkan dalam whitepaper Satoshi Nakamoto dianalisis secara mendalam, di mana kami sampai pada kesimpulan bahwa server stempel waktu yang juga dapat digunakan untuk mengesahkan keaslian serta tanggal penerbitan dokumen digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah ganda. masalah pembelanjaan. Stempel waktu adalah alat yang sangat penting, masalah pengeluaran ganda dianalisis dalam tesis kami juga mengapa setiap transaksi memiliki stempel waktu yang unik dan hadiah yang diterima oleh blok hanya dapat digunakan setelah 120 blok ditambang. Mengapa transaksi membutuhkan 120 blok agar token dapat diterima, mengapa prinsip stempel waktu yang digunakan dalam dokumen digital diterapkan dalam mata uang kripto untuk stempel waktu yang dihasilkan blok dan mengapa dokumen digital juga dapat menjadi transaksi moneter. Tindakan balasan penolakan layanan, bukti kerja yang disarankan oleh Adam Back dalam bentuk tunai Hash, karena merupakan inspirasi untuk membuat protokol juga dipelajari secara mendalam untuk menghindari kekurangan dalam kode dan menolak serangan node. Protokol pohon Merkle dianalisis untuk memahami cara kerja protokol untuk sistem distribusi kunci publik. Teori probabilitas dan aplikasinya dianalisis untuk menghitung kemungkinan penyerang membuat rantai lebih cepat daripada node yang jujur, sebagaimana dipahami satu-satunya cara agar rantai Blok berhasil adalah memastikan bahwa node yang jujur ​​lebih kuat daripada node yang tidak jujur, penyerang. Kami juga akan merancang dan membuat blockchain sederhana untuk memahami prinsip-prinsip utama yang disebutkan di atas yang mencirikan protokol blockchain menggunakan bukti kerja; mengimplementasikan aplikasi blockchain sederhana dalam Javscript menggunakan crypto-js dan mendiskusikan alasan di balik kegagalan kami dalam hasil dan kesimpulan kami dalam upaya membuat aplikasi pesan instan menggunakan blockchain sederhana kami. ......The thesis proposal is to study the references used by Satoshi Nakamoto to understand the principles he used to solve the double-spending problem. The double-spending problem is the risk that a digital currency can be spent twice. It is a potential problem unique to digital currencies because the digital information can be reproduced relatively easily by individuals that understand the blockchain network and have the computer power necessary to manipulate it. To understand his motives all citations mentioned in Satoshi Nakamoto whitepaper were deeply analyzed, where we came to the conclusion that a time stamping server that could also be used to certify the authenticity as well the date of issuing of a document was used to solve the double spending problem. Timestamps was a very important tool, the double spending problem is analyzed in our thesis as well why every transaction has a unique timestamp and the rewards received by blocks can be spent only after 120 blocks mined. Why a transaction requires 120 blocks for the token to be received, why timestamping principles used in a digital document were applied in cryptocurrencies to timestamp generated blocks and why a digital document can also be a monetary transaction. A denial of service counter-measure, a proof-of-work suggested by Adam Back in Hash cash, as it was an inspiration to create the protocol was also deep studied to avoid flaws in the code and deny the attack of a node. Merkle tree protocol analyzed to understand how the protocols for public key distribution systems works. Probability theory and its applications is analyzed to calculate the probability of an attacker creating a chain faster than the honest node, as understood the only way for the Block chain to succeed was to make sure that the honest nodes were more powerful than dishonest nodes, attackers. We will also design and create a simple blockchain to understand the main principles mentioned above that characterizes a blockchain protocol using proof-of-work; implement a simple blockchain application in Javscript using crypto-js and discuss the reasoning behind our failure in our results and conclusion on attempting to create an instant messaging application using our simple blockchain.