Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Analisis kemampuan dan kemauan membayar masyarakat terhadap tarif pelayanan kesehatan bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kemampuan membayar (ATP) dan kemauan membayar (WTP) terhadap- tarif pelayanan kesehatan di Puskesmas Cikole Kabupaten Daerah Tingkat II Bandung, dikaitkan dengan adanya perubahan tarif dan Rp. 700,- menjadi Rp. 2000,- sesuai Perda No. X Tahun 1997. Penelitian merupakan analisis deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dengan mengadakan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner yang mengacu pada instrumen Survey Sosial Ekonomi Nasional 1995 terhadap keluarga yang pernah berobat ke Puskesmas setelah adanya kenaikan tarif. Hasil penelitian dideskripsikan melalui analisis persentase masyarakat yang "tersingkir" pada tarif tertentu. Hasil analisis antara lain terlihat masyarakat masih mempunyai kemampuan dalam membayar tarif Puskesmas sesuai Perda No. X Tahun 1997. Hal ini ditunjukkan dalam simulasi ATP1 (pengeluaran bukan makanan) dan ATP2 (pengeluaran non esensial), sedangkan bila disimulasikan dengan ATP3 (5% pengeluaran bukan makanan) maka sebesar 6% masyarakat akan "tersingkir ". Apabila biaya pelayanan berada di atas tarif yang ditetapkan yaitu misalnya ditambah dengan adanya pembebanan bagi pembelian jarum suntik, dimana tambahan biaya pembebanan juga meningkat dengan adanya kenaikan harga akibat krisis moneter akan mengakibatkan biaya pelayanan Puskesmas Cikole semakin tinggi, dan semakin banyak masyarakat yang tersingkir dari pelayanan Puskesmas. Turunnya kunjungan Puskesmas Cikole setelah diberlakukannya tarif baru - Rp.2000,- bukan sekedar disebabkan oleh adanya peningkatan tarif tersebut, tetapi merupakan dampak akumulatif dari adanya peningkatan tarif dan situasi moneter. Masyarakat yang tersingkir perlu didukung dengan program kartu sehat dan juga melaksanakan efisiensi biaya operasional untuk mengurangi pembebanan biaya pelayanan.

---

People's Ability to Pay and Willing to Pay Analysis upon the Health Service Tariff of Puskesmas Cikole, Kabupaten Daerah Tingkat II BandungPeople's ability to pay and willing to pay analysis upon the health service tariff' is aimed for getting the view of ability to pay and willing to pay upon the health service tariff at Puskesmas Cikole Kabupaten Daerah Tingkat II Bandung, related to the increasing tariff from Rp. 700,- to Rp. 2000,- according to Perda No. X /1997. This research is a descriptive analysis with cross sectional outline. The data gathered by carrying out interviews using questionaires according to " Survey Sosial Ekonomi Nasional 1995 " instrument to the families who have gone to get a medicaL treatment at the Puskesmas after the tariff increasing. The result of this reseach is described through the percentage analysis of people eliminated at a certain tariff. From the analysis, it seems that people still have the ability to pay Puskesmas tariff according to Perda No. X / 1997. This is shown in ATP 1 ( non - food expenses ) and ATP 2 ( non - essensial expenses) simulation, whereas if it was simulated by the ATP 3 ( 5% non - food expenses ), the 6 % of people will be eliminated. If the service cost is higher than the stated tariff; for example, addition with expenses for purchasing syringe, where the addition was also increased by the increasing prices as the result of monetary crisis, will make the service cost at Puskesmas Cikole higher, and more people will be eliminated from the Puskesmas services. The decreasing visits to Puskesmas Cikole after the new tariff Rp. 2000,-implemented, is not only because of the increase tariff; but also a cummulative effect from the increased tariff and monetary situation. The peoplie who are eliminated need to be supported by the " Kartu Sehat " program and also by carrying out operational cost efficiency to lessen cost burdening."

"This book offers comprehensive, easy to understand guidance for medical device technology innovators on how to work through the United States FDA regulatory review process, while also providing insight on the various intellectual property concerns that many medical device innovators face. In the first portion of this book, readers are introduced to important concepts concerning FDA compliance for medical devices, as well as strategies for successfully navigating the FDA regulatory review process. Specifically, the first portion discusses the expansive range of medical devices and then walks through the most common routes to market: the PMA and 510(k) application processes. In the second portion of this book, readers are introduced to the various types of intellectual property rights that are available for medical device technology inventions and innovations, and can explore ways to overcome unique intellectual property challenges faced by many medical device technology innovators. In the third portion of the book, specific strategies are discussed to navigate the interface between the FDA regulatory process and the process of obtaining intellectual property protection.This book also includes a number of descriptive examples, case studies and scenarios to illustrate the topics discussed, and is intended for use by medical device designers, developers and innovators."