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"Tesis ini membahas tentang bagaimana regulasi penambangan yang ada diKabupaten Bangka Selatan Propinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung dihubungkandengan tingkat kerentanan sosial dan sumber penghidupan masyarakat. Thesis iniingin melihat gambaran kerentanan (Vulnerability) dan Sumber Penghidupan(Livelihood). Sampel diambil sebanyak 387 responden di wilayah Bangka Selatandengan menyebar kuesioner dan menggunakan metode simple random samplinguntuk responden menggunakan analisis bivariat untuk melihat signifikansi level danpearson correlation dengan menggunakan bantuan software. Hasilnya adalahadanya Kerentanan (Vulnerability) dan Sumber Penghidupan (Livelihood)masyarakat sekitar lahan pertambangan timah di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan.

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This thesis discusses how existing mining regulation in South Bangka Bangka

Belitung province associated with the level of social vulnerability and livelihoods.

This thesis would like to see a picture of vulnerability (Vulnerability) and

Livelihoods (Livelihoods). Samples were taken as many as 387 respondents in the

South Pacific region by spreading the questionnaire and using simple random

sampling method to respondents using bivariate analysis to look at the significance

level and Pearson correlation using statistical software. The result is the existence

of Vulnerability (Vulnerability) and Livelihoods (Livelihoods) surrounding

communities tin mining land in South Bangka Regency."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab kemiskinan, strategi nafkah yang dijalankan oleh rumah tangga miskin serta menyusun strategi nafkah berkelanjutan berdasarkan kondisi yang ada di masyarakat. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Kwanyar Barat, Kecamatan Kwanyar, Kabupaten Bangkalan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode PRA, FGD dan pengamatan berpartisipasi dengan melibatkan rumah tangga miskin di daerah penelitian. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendahnya akses terhadap modal terutama modal finansial merupakan penyebab kemiskinan. Akses yang terbatas terhadap modal finansial menyebabkan nelayan tidak mampu mengakses modal fisik berupa teknologi penangkapan yang lebih modern. Kondisi ini semakin diperparah dengan adanya konflik perebutan sumber daya dengan nelayan dari daerah lain. Strategi nafkah yang dilakukan oleh rumah tangga nelayan miskin terdiri atas strategi ekonomi dan strategi sosial. Strategi ekonomi dilakukan dengan cara melakukan pola nafkah ganda, pemanfaatan tenaga kerja rumah tangga dan migrasi. Sedangkan strategi sosial dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan ikatan kekerabatan yang ada. Lembaga kesejahteraan tradisional juga mempunyai peran yang penting bagi rumah tangga miskin dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Modal sosial mempunyai peran yang cukup penting dalam strategi nafkah rumah tangga miskin dan dapat menjadi salah satu pokok perhatian dalam upaya penyusunan strategi nafkah berkelanjutan.

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This research aims at knowing the factors causing poverty in research area, knowing livelihood strategy by poor households and constructing sustainable livelihood strategy based on the real condition in community. This research is conducted in Kwanyar village, Kwanyar subdistrict of Bangkalan Regency. Data were collected with PRA, FGD method and participative observation involving poor households in research area. Data were analysed with descriptive qualitative method. The result shows that poverty is caused by lack of access to capital, particularly financial capital. This becomes a matter in which fishermen cannot access physical capital as modern catching technology. Livelihood strategy which is conducted by poor household of fishermen consists of economic and social strategies. Economic strategy is conducted with double livelihood pattern, utilizing households worker and migration. Otherwise, social strategy is perfomed with kinship pattern. Traditional welfare organization has also important role for poor households in fulfilling daily needs. In addition, social capital also contributes significantly for livelihood strategy in that area and it becomes one of attentions in arranging sustainable livelihood strategy."

"Pedagang kaki lima merupakan salah satu usaha yang dilakukan oleh sebagian besar orang dalam mencari rejeki untuk memenuhi kehidupan sehari-harinya. Kota Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu kota yang menjadi destinasi wisata favorit yang ada di Indonesia karena beragamnya objek wisata yang menarik. Kawasan Malioboro merupakan kawasan inti dengan pusat keramaian dan jumlah wisatawan terbesar di kota Yogyakarta, yang terdiri dari Jalan Malioboro dan Jalan Margo Mulyo dimana terdapat pedagang kaki lima yang berjualan. Adanya relokasi yang diberlakukan oleh Gubernur Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta berdampak pada pedagang kaki lima terutama terhadap pendapatan mereka. Dampak tersebut tentunya membuat pedagang kaki lima harus melakukan strategi penghidupan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya sehari-hari dengan memanfaatkan aset-aset yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini berisfat kualitatif dengan metode studi literatur, observasi, dokumentasi, wawancara kuesioner, dan wawancara mendalam untuk menganalisis dampak terhadap pendapatan pedagang kaki lima malioboro dengan melihat perbedaan karakteristik tempat berdagang sebelum dan sesudah relokasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya relokasi tersebut memberikan dampak yang besar yaitu penurunan pendapatan yang didapatkan oleh pedagang kaki lima. Adapun pedagang kaki lima melakukan strategi penghidupan yang beragam berdasarkan kondisi aset-aset mereka. Sebagian besar pedagang dalam merespon terhadap dampak yang timbul dengan melakukan strategi konsolidasi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya sehari-hari.

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Street vendors are one of business that made by most people who are searching for profits to fulfill their daily lives. Yogyakarta city is one of the cities which has become a favorite tourist destination in Indonesia because of its various interesting tourist objects. The Malioboro area is the core area with the center of the crowd and the largest number of tourists in Yogyakarta city, which consists of Jalan Malioboro and Jalan Margo Mulyo, places for some street vendors selling. The relocation imposed by the Governor of the Special Region of Yogyakarta has some impacts on street vendors, especially on their income. This impact certainly makes street vendors have to carry out livelihood strategies to fulfill their daily needs by utilizing the assets they have. This research is qualitative in nature using literature study methods, observation, documentation, questionnaire interviews, and in-depth interviews to analyze the impact on the income of street vendors in Malioboro by looking at the differences in the characteristics of places to trade before and after relocation. The results of this study indicate that the relocation has a big impact, namely a decrease in the income earned by street vendors. The street vendors carry out various livelihood strategies based on the condition of their assets. Most street vendors respond to the impact that arises by carrying out a consolidation strategy to fulfill their daily needs."

"Aktivitas perikanan tangkap laut di pesisir selatan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, khususnya di kawasan Pantai Depok mengalami perkembangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat keberlanjutan aset mata pencaharian dan strategi mata pencaharian nelayan di Pantai Depok tahun 2020 menggunakan Pendekatan Mata Pencaharian Berkelanjutan (SLA). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan analisis spasial. Wilayah penelitian dibagi menjadi dua berdasarkan jarak tempat tinggal nelayan dari pantai Depok yaitu kurang dari 500 meter dan lebih dari 500 meter. Berdasarkan perhitungan rentang skala, mata pencaharian nelayan yang tinggal kurang dari meter dari Pantai Depok termasuk kurang berkelanjutan, sedangkan aset nelayan yang tinggal di lebih dari 500 meter dari Pantai Depok termasuk berkelanjutan. Strategi mata pencaharian yang dilakukan adalah migrasi dan diversifikasi mata pencaharian.

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Marine fisheries activities on the southern coast of Special Region of Yogyakarta province, especially in the Depok Beach area, has gradually developed. This research aims to analyze the livelihood sustainability level and livelihood strategy of small-scale fishermen at Depok Beach in 2020 based on Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA). The methods used in this research are quantitative descriptive analysis and spatial analysis. Study area divided into two groups based on the distance of fishers’ house from Depok Beach, i.e. less than 500 meters and more than 500 meters from the Depok Beach. Based on the calculation of the scale range, livelihood of fishermen in living in less than meters from Depok Beach considered less sustainable, while assets of fishers living in more than 500 meters from Depok Beach are sustainable. The livelihood strategies are diversification and migration."

"ABSTRACTMassive tin mining activities in Bangka Belitung Islands Province have caused a detrimental effect that reduces the livelihoods of the people living around the mining area. On the other hand, there has been a shift in livelihoods from agrarian communities to mining communities that increase anxieties on the livelihoods in the future. The purpose of this study is to obtain information about the sustainability of the switched people livelihoods which concentrated in villages around the tin mining area. The study utilized qualitative methods, collected data through interviews and focus group discussions on community leaders, village government officials, and mining actors to analyze aspects of vulnerability and household livelihood strategies based on a sustainable livelihood framework. The results of the study reveal that household groups that work with mining owners and mining tailings have the most vulnerable livelihood resources because their main source of income from tin mining activities is only able to meet their daily needs. Furthermore, the group has very limited land and social relationships that rely solely on elements of kinship and moneylender services when faced with financial difficulties. However, most of these households began to respond to the end of the post-tin economy in the pepper plantation and trade sub-sector. In addition, business opportunities in the sub-sector of livestock, horticulture, and capture fisheries for coastal villages have been utilized by mining owners as the alternative livelihoods."

"Tesis ini membahas metode dalam mengukur dampak proyek yang melakukan intervensi mata pencaharian terhadap pendapatan. Studi Kasus yang digunakan adalah Proyek PULIH di Kabupaten Belu dan NTT, dimana proyek ini melakukan intervensi di 28 desa selama 26 bulan. Intervensi mata pencaharian dilakukan sebagai salah satu usaha dalam mengurangi kemiskinan dan kerentanan, khususnya di kalangan pengungsi internal (IDPs) yang tidak dapat kembali ke wilayah asalnya. Studi ini merupakan gabungan studi kualitatif dengan metode wawancara dan kunjungan lapangan serta studi kuantitiatif dengan metode regresi data panel dan metode statistik dekriptif dengan metode perbandingan rata-rata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi mata pencaharian adalah musim. Sementara itu Proyek PULIH secara kualitatif telah memberi dampak positif mata pencaharian masyarakat intervensinya, khususnya dalam menghadapi kerentanan yang diakibatkan oleh musim.

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This thesis discusses methods for measuring the impact of projects that carry out livelihood interventions on income. The case study used is the PULIH Project in Belu District and NTT, where the project intervened in 28 villages for 26 months. Livelihood interventions are carried out as one of the efforts to reduce poverty and vulnerability, especially among internally displaced persons (IDPs) who cannot return to their home areas. This study is a combination of qualitative studies with interview methods and field visits as well as quantitative studies using panel data regression methods and descriptive statistical methods with average comparison methods. The results of the study indicate that the factors that affect livelihoods are seasons. Meanwhile, the PULIH Project has qualitatively had a positive impact on the livelihoods of its intervention communities, particularly in dealing with vulnerabilities caused by seasons."

"ABSTRAK Permasalahan umum yang dihadapi nelayan pulau terluar Indonesia antara lain terbatasnya infrastruktur perikanan, terbatasnya sumber daya ikan akibat penangkapan lebih (over fishing), perubahan iklim dan ketidakstabilan harga penjualan ikan. Kondisi tersebut juga dialami oleh nelayan kecil Desa Batu Ampar dalam melakukan aktivitas, penangkapan ikan secara tradisional di laut lepas. Dalam menghadapi krisis melaut, nelayan kecil Desa Batu Ampar melakukan berbagai upaya untuk bertahan hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan strategi bertahan hidup nelayan kecil Desa Batu Ampar dalam menghadapi krisis pada mata pencahariannya serta hambatan dalam strategi bertahan hidup. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Melalui pemilihan informan secara purposive sampling, wawancara dilakukan dengan 10 informann. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nelayan kecil Desa Batu Ampar dapat melakukan upaya-upaya untuk bertahan hidup, diantaranya adalah bekerja keras dalam melaut, menggunakan alat bantu penangkapan, berkomunikasi dengan nelayan-nelayan lain, mendekati kawasan pengeboran migas, mengakses bantuan, meminjam uang, mengikuti sosialisasi dan pelatihan usaha, melakukan kerjasama dengan pengusaha ikan, berkebun dan melakukan budidaya ikan. Dalam strategi bertahan hidup,  nelayan kecil Desa Batu Ampar juga dihadapkan oleh beberapa hambatan. Diantaranya adalah tidak berupaya untuk beraktivitas di wilayah tangkap lain, kesulitan untuk bekerja di luar aktivitas melaut, adanya batasan di kawasan pengeboran migas, angin kencang dan badai, kekurangan sumber daya ikan, kesulitan dalam mengakses bantuan, ketidakstabilan dan keterbatasan penjualan ikan serta mengalami kerugian dari aktivitas nelayan luar daerah.

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ABSTRACT

Common problems faced by fishermen, especially in the outer islands of Indonesia are limited fisheries infrastructure, limited fish resources due to over fishing, climate change and instability in the sale price of fish. This condition is also experienced by small fishermen in Batu Ampar Village who are the outermost island fishermen in carrying out traditional fishing activities on the high seas. In dealing with the crisis, the small fishermen of Batu Ampar village made various efforts to survive. The research aims to describe survival life strategies of small fishermen of Batu Ampar Village in facing the crisis of their livelihood and obstacles in survival strategies. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach and descriptive type of research. Through the selection of informants by purposive sampling, in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 informants. The results showed that small fishermen in Batu Ampar Village could make efforts to survive. They worked hard in the sea, using fishing aids, communicating with other fishermen, approaching oil and gas drilling areas, access assistance, borrow money, take part in business socialization and training, collaborate with fish entrepreneurs, gardening and conducting fish farming. In the survival life strategy, the small fishermen of Batu Ampar Village were also faced with several obstacles. They did not try to do activities at other fishing grounds, difficult to work outside of fishing activities, limitations in oil and gas drilling areas, strong winds and storms, shortages of fish resources, difficulties in accessing assistance, instability and limited fish sales and losses from activities of fishermen outside region.

 

 

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"[ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas peran modal sosial dalam memenuhi sumberpenghidupan pada Komunitas Adat Dayak Ngaju di Manusup KalimantanTengah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Hasilpenelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa modal sosial mempunyai peran penting danberfungsi dalam memperluas hubungan kerjasama, baik hubungan dalamkebutuhan sosial maupun hubungan dalam kebutuhan sumber penghidupan.Hubungan dalam kebutuhan sosial berfungsi melahirkan solidaritas sosial yangterbentuk melalui institusi sosial keadatan maupun agama. Sedangkan hubungandalam kebutuhan sumber penghidupan berfungsi menopang ketahanan ekonomidengan cara membuka interaksi dalam penguatan jaringan yang salingmenguntungkan, baik yang bersifat bonding, bridging dan linking capital.Bonding capital berperan membentuk kebersamaan dan kerekatanhubungan emosional dan mampu memperkuat pertalian intarnal. bridging capitalmampu membuka jalan dan menstimulasi perkembangan komunitas. Sedangkanlinking capital membawa manfaat yang besar terhadap kemajuan desa Manusup,yaitu kemajuan sarana pendidikan desa dan pengembangan potensi keahlian yangdimiliki dalam mendapatkan sumber penghidupan.

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ABSTRACTThe thesis explains the role of the social capital to fulfill the life source at thetraditional community of Dayak Ngaju in Manusup, Central Borneo. Thisresearch is a qualitative one with a descriptive design. The result shows that socialcapital has important role and functioned itself to expand official relationship forsocial and fulfill the life needs. The relation on social needs was meant to born thesocial solidarity which was build social institution and/or religion, while therelation of life resources was meant to hold the economy hall by opening theinteraction on social network mutualism for bonding, bridging and linking capital.Bonding capital rolled as an institution to build togetherness andemotional relationship, and give the internal brotherhood bound stronger.Bridging capital could open the way and stimulate the community development,while linking capital bring big advantages for Manusup?s development, i.e.village?s education and human resources development which had by liferesources.;The thesis explains the role of the social capital to fulfill the life source at thetraditional community of Dayak Ngaju in Manusup, Central Borneo. Thisresearch is a qualitative one with a descriptive design. The result shows that socialcapital has important role and functioned itself to expand official relationship forsocial and fulfill the life needs. The relation on social needs was meant to born thesocial solidarity which was build social institution and/or religion, while therelation of life resources was meant to hold the economy hall by opening theinteraction on social network mutualism for bonding, bridging and linking capital.Bonding capital rolled as an institution to build togetherness andemotional relationship, and give the internal brotherhood bound stronger.Bridging capital could open the way and stimulate the community development,while linking capital bring big advantages for Manusup?s development, i.e.village?s education and human resources development which had by liferesources., The thesis explains the role of the social capital to fulfill the life source at thetraditional community of Dayak Ngaju in Manusup, Central Borneo. Thisresearch is a qualitative one with a descriptive design. The result shows that socialcapital has important role and functioned itself to expand official relationship forsocial and fulfill the life needs. The relation on social needs was meant to born thesocial solidarity which was build social institution and/or religion, while therelation of life resources was meant to hold the economy hall by opening theinteraction on social network mutualism for bonding, bridging and linking capital.Bonding capital rolled as an institution to build togetherness andemotional relationship, and give the internal brotherhood bound stronger.Bridging capital could open the way and stimulate the community development,while linking capital bring big advantages for Manusup’s development, i.e.village’s education and human resources development which had by liferesources.]"

"Pengelolaan sumberdaya pesisir di Indonesia dari sudut pandang pembangunan berkelanjutan dihadapkan pada kondisiyang bersifat mendua. Kondisi pertama, ada banyak kawasan yang belum tersentuh sama sekali oleh aktivitaspembangunan, namun pada kondisi lainnya terdapat beberapa kawasan pesisir yang telah dimanfaatkan dengan massif.Akibatnya, terlihat indikasi telah terlampauinya daya dukung atau kapasitas berkelanjutan dari ekosistem pesisir danlautan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji pengaruh perubahan ekologis terhadap kehidupan nelayan dan strategiadaptasi yang dilakukan nelayan dalam menghadapi perubahan ekologis di kawasan pesisir Desa Pulau Panjang,Kecamatan Simpang Empat, Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu, Kalimantan Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwaperubahan ekologis di kawasan ini diakibatkan oleh berbagai bentuk pemanfaatan sumberdaya pesisir yang cenderungeksploitatif. Bentuk perubahan ekologis dilihat dari kerusakan mangrove dan terumbu karang. Strategi adaptasi yangditerapkan oleh rumah tangga nelayan berbeda-beda dan tidak hanya terbatas pada satu jenis adaptasi saja. Rumahtangga nelayan mengkombinasikan berbagai macam pilihan adaptasi sesuai sumberdaya yang dimilikinya. Berdasarkanhasil observasi di lokasi penelitian, pilihan-pilihan adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh nelayan antara lain: menganekaragamkansumber pendapatan, memanfaatkan hubungan sosial, memobilisasi anggota rumah tangga, melakukanpenganekaragaman alat tangkap, dan melakukan perubahan daerah penangkapan serta melakukan strategi lainnya, yakniberupa penebangan hutan mangrove sacara ilegal dan mengandalkan bantuan-bantuan dari berbagai pihak.There is ambiguity on conducting sustainable development in coastal area. In fact, there are still virgin coastal areas, whilesome coastal areas have been exploited intensively across their carrying capacities. Beside environmental conservationefforts, some adaptation strategies for the fishermen to free the changes coastal areas are needed. The result of casestudy in Panjang Island, South Kalimantan shows that ecological changes were caused by land degradation of mangrove’sareas. The development of mangrove’s areas are the coal ports and shrimp ponds have changed their function as naturalresource, especially as natural resource of community’s livelihood. Pulau Panjang is only approximately 5 Ha, but thereare at least 7 coal ports arround its coastal area. Consequently, the fishermen have lost their fish stock and theirlivelihood. In response to the ecological changes, adaptation may play important role. The community should be able torespond the direct and indirect effects of the changes. In deed, the fishermen in Panjang Island have their ownadaptation strategies that devide into economic strategy, political strategy and social strategy. The fishermen try tocolaborate their sources of income, take the benefit of social connection and exploitate their other natural resource."