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Abstrak :
Secara umum, kondisi permukaan jalan dapat mempengaruhi setidaknya tiga hal: biaya/waktu perjalanan, aksesibilitas, dan keseimbangan jaringan. Dengan mempertimbangkan hubungan antara ketiga faktor ini, penelitian ini menyusun suatu hubungan waktu, IRI dan volume (VCR) dalam bentuk Link Performance Function (LPF). Biaya merupakan kendala utama dalam program pemeliharaan jalan, hal ini menyebabkan perlu adanya suatu kriteria dalam pemilihan jalan yang akan dipelihara. Studi ini mengusulkan kriteria pemilihan segmen jalan melalui optimasi pemeliharaan jalan dengan metode aksesibilitas. Optiamsi pemeliharaan jalan dalam penelitian ini tidak hanya didasarkan pada kondisi permukaan (IRI) tetapi juga mempertimbangkan aspek aksesibilitas area menggunakan pendekatan analisis jalur (path analysis) secara dinamis. Segmen jalan yang dipelihara dipilih berdasarkan nilai bobot pengaruh segmen tersebut terhadap nilai aksesibilitas wilayah per unit biaya perbaikan. Segmen dengan pengaruh aksesibilitas tertinggi akan memiliki indeks penanganan prioritas yang lebih tinggi. Dalam penerapannya, model optimasi ini disimulasikan dengan mengambil studi kasus jaringan jalan nasional dan jalan provinsi di Jawa Tengah. Hasil analisis menggunakan metode aksesibilitas ini memberikan pemilihan segmen yang unik sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai pertimbangan bagi pihak pengambil keputusan dalam penetapan segmen jalan yang akan dipelihara. ......Generally, road surface condition can affect at least three things: cost/travel time, accessibility, and network balance. Considering the relationship between these three factors, this study compiles time, IRI and volume (VCR) relationship into a Link Performance Function (LPF). Cost is a major constraint in the road maintenance program, this causes the need for a criterion in the road segment selection. This study proposes criteria for selecting road segments through the optimization of road maintenance with accessibility methods. Road maintenance options in this study are not only based on surface conditions (IRI) but also consider accessibility aspects using a dynamic path analysis approach. The maintain road segment chosen based on the value of the weight of the segment's influence on the value of accessibility per unit maintenance cost. The segment with the highest accessibility effect will have a higher maintenance priority index. In its application, this optimization model simulation by taking a case of the national road network and provincial roads in Central Java. The results of the analysis using this accessibility method provide a unique segment selection so that decision-makers can use it as a consideration in determining road maintenance.

Abstrak :
A new means for providing wireless communication has been currently proposed. It is based on aerial vehicle known as High Altitude Platform or Stratospheric Platforms (SPF). The SPF will be operated at an altitude of 17-22 km above the ground. Therefore, the channel condition may be different compared with those of the conventional terrestrial or satellite wireless channel. In this paper, the channel propagation characteristic of such a system is firstly investigated by means of ray tracing algorithm. We emphasize our investigation in a typical urban environment, in which the mobile users mostly exist. We developed building block model for simulation based on building height distribution, which is obtained from measurement inside Tokyo. As a result, propagation loss model and Ricean channel parameter for the SPF channel is reported in different scenarios. By using this result we then estimate the required transmitted power of SPF to serve the mobile users in a several transmission rate that is used in IMT-2000 services. Finally, an evaluation of BER of IMT-2000 link is performed in order to estimate the system level performance. From this evaluation, the main contribution of this paper is to clearly show the critical limitations of both power requirement as well as system level performance of mobile communication IMT-2000 by using the concept of the SPF.

Abstrak :
Tesis ini menganalisis potensi perubahan moda serta kinerja jaringan jalan yang terjadi akibat diberlakukannya jalan berbayar (road pricing) bagi pengguna kendaraan mobil dan motor setiap kali memasuki Zona X di Jakarta. Perubahan moda dalam penelitian dibatasi khusus hanya bagi kelompok perjalanan yang terdampak langsung, yaitu perjalanan dengan mobil dan motor yang memiliki asal dari luar zona dengan tujuan di dalam zona. Survei preferensi (stated preference) dalam skala kecil dilakukan dengan menawarkan enam alternatif atau kombinasi moda dengan adanya tarif road pricing, untuk mendemonstrasikan potensi perubahan moda berdasarkan preferensi responden terhadap biaya dan waktu tiap pilihan. Selisih biaya dan waktu digunakan sebagai dasar pembentuk persamaan utilitas tiap pilihan, masing-masing untuk kelompok pengguna eksisting mobil dan sepeda motor, untuk mendapatkan nilai probabilitas pemilihan setiap alternatif dengan pendekatan multinominal logit. Untuk mengukur dampak perubahan moda serta penggunaan rute alternatif (detouring) yang disebabkan oleh tarif road pricing pada kinerja jaringan, metode pembebanan lalu lintas (traffic assignment) dilakukan dengan menyertakan unsur tarif road pricing dalam fungsi kinerja ruas (link performance function) khusus pada setiap cordon link masuk menuju kawasan. Dari lima kombinasi tarif yang disimulasikan, ditemukan bahwa kombinasi tarif road pricing Rp30.000 untuk mobil dan Rp20.000 untuk sepeda motor memaksimalkan kinerja jalan paling baik—dalam hal rasio volume-kapasitas (V/C) di dalam kawasan dan jaringan luar kawasan terdekat. ......This thesis scrutinizes the probability of mode changing for car & motorcycle users with the presence of certain amount of tariff to vehicles that going to or passing through the designated road pricing area, then examines the road network performance resulted. A small-scale stated preference survey was conducted to those who have destination to Zone X to demonstrate mode changing by gathering respondents’ preferences on given six mode changing alternatives. Utility functions were derived from cost and time, to estimate the probability of choosing each alternative with multinominal logit. A proposed method of traffic assignment by incorporating road pricing tariff variable in the link performance function on every entrance links towards the area is used to capture the impact of mode changing and detouring caused by the additional tariff on the network performance. From five tariff combinations tested, it is found that a combination tariff of Rp30,000 for car and Rp20,000 for motorcycles maximize the road performance best—in terms of volume-capacity ratio (V/C) within the area and in the vicinity of the area where detour taken place to avoid imposed tariff.