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ABSTRAKPerkembangan ekonomi dan pertumbuhan penduduk suatu kota, menyebabkan permintaan akan pelayanan prasarana perkotaan meningkat pula, seperti pembangunan jalan raya, penyediaan kawasan permukiman dan pusat-pusat pelayanan umum, seperti tempat-tempat perdagangan, perkantoran, rumah sakit, sekolah dan lain-lain.
Hal ini akan mengubah sifat permukaan tanah yang sebelumnya dapat meresapkan air, menjadi sukar/tidak dapat meresapkan air, sehigga volume limpasan hujan akan bertambah besar. Karena sistem drainase kota yang kurang baik serta badan air penerima, seperti sungai dan waduk sudah terlewati daya tampungnya, maka limpasan hujan tadi menjadi penyebab terjadinya banjir di kawasan tersebut.
Secara konvensional konsep pengelolaan limpasan hujan pada suatu kawasan perkotaan berdasarkan pada gagasan bagaimana mengalirkan limpasan hujan secepat mungkin keluar dari kawasan tersebut langsung ke badan air penerima. Untuk mengatasi masalah limpasan hujan, dapat diterapkan konsep pengembangan lahan berwawasan lingkungan melalui pendekatan inovatif berbasis ekosistem yang dikenal sebagai konsep “Low Impact Development (LID)” yaitu pengembangan suatu sistem pengelolaan yang memperkecil laju dan volume limpasan hujan untuk menahan dan memperlambat aliran limpasan hujan masuk kebadan air, sekaligus memberi kesempatan air meresap kedalam tanah sebagai salah satu cara untuk pengisian kembali air tanah, tanpa menyebabkan timbulnya genangan/banjir pada kawasan tersebut
Dalam rangka pengelolaan limpasan hujan dan pelestarian sumberdaya air, Pemerintah Propinsi DKI Jakarta telah menerbitkan Keputusan Gubernur Kepala Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, Nomor 115 Tahun 2001, Tentang Pembuatan Sumur Resapan di Propinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta. Namun sejak Perda tersebut diundangkan, pelaksanaan peraturan belum berjalan dengan baik.
Untuk menanggapi masalah ini, dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan: (a)
untuk mengetahui tingkat peranserta masyarakat dan pihak-pihak yang terkait lainnya (stakeholders) dalam kegiatan pengelolaan limpasan hujan, (b) memberikan masukan kepada Pemeritah/Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengambilan keputusan tentang pengelolaan limpasan hujan yang ideal dengan pendekatan yang berbasis peran serta masyarakat
Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan metode “Stakeholders Analysis” (World Bank 1998), untuk mengetahui partisipasi ideal stakeholder dalam kegiatan pembuatan sumur resapan tersebut, sehingga akan diperoleh pemetaan strategi partisipasi dari setiap kelompok stakeholder. Hasil pemetaan ini akan dibandingkan dengan pelaksanaan aktual di lapangan, dengan studi kasus di kelurahan Duren Sawit dan Pondok Kopi, kecamatan Duren Sawit, Kotamadya Jakarta Timur.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei, dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif analitik. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner dan wawancara, observasi dan studi literatur. Analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif untuk kelompok-kelompok stakeholder.
Dari perbandingan tingkat partisipasi ideal dan partisipasi aktual (hasil penelitian) dari setiap kelompok stakehoder, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa:
1. Usaha-usaha Pemerintah Propinsi DKI Jakarta dalam mensosialisasikan Keputusan Gubernur DKI Jakarta, Nomor 115, Tahun 2001 belum maksimal, sehingga sebagian besar masyarakat tidak mengetahui tentang adanya Perda tersebut.
2. Tingkat kesadaran dan peranserta/partisipasi masyarakat sangat kurang dalam mewujudkan usaha-usaha Pemerintah DKI Jakarta dalam pengelolaan limpasan hujan dalam rangka penanggulangan banjir dan pelestarian sumberdaya air, karena Pemerintah (DKI Jakarta) tidak optimal menjelaskan maksud dan tujuan PLH kepada masyarakat, dan tidak optimal pula dalam pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan pembuatan sumur resapan, sehingga terjadi ketidak patuhan masyarakat terhadap peraturan tersebut, walaupun mereka sebagian besar dari golongan menengah keatas, berpendidikan cukup tinggi, dan dengan status tempat tinggal milik sendiri.
Kesimpulan diatas memperlihatkan bahwa implementasi dari Keputusan Gubernur Kepala Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, Nomor 115 Tahun 2001, Tentang Pembuatan Sumur Resapan di Propinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, sampai saat ini belum berjalan dengan baik.
ABSTRACTThe economic development and the population growth of a city lead to the increasing demand for public services such as new roads, settlement areas, trade centers, office buildings, hospitals and schools. However, this, in the long run will affect the ground surface condition and change from pervious to impervious surface, the condition which will cause increasing volume of surface run-off and higher flood potential. The condition of over capacity of the rivers and reservoirs and poor drainage system of the city contributes to flood occurrence.
The concept of conventional stormwater management is based on the idea of draining the water from the affected area in the quickest manner to the recipient water body.
To overcome the run-off problem, an innovative, sustainable ecosystem- based approach for land development and run-off management, known as “Low Impact Development (LID)” concept is to be adopted. The basic idea of the concept is to detain and slow down the flow of run-off entering the water body, giving time for the water to infiltrate into the ground and recharge the ground water without flooding the area.
Within the framework of run-off management and water resources reservation, the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta has issued the Decree of Governor of DKI Jakarta, Number 115 Year 2001, on the Making of Infiltration-Well in the Province of DKI Jakarta. This, however, has not been successfully implemented.
The purpose of the present research is therefore (a) to know the level of participation of stakeholders in run-off management activity, (b) to advise the government on the ideal community-based participation run-off management.
The present research is carried out by applying the “Stakeholders Analysis” (World Bank, 1998) approach to obtain the stakeholders level of participation and the strategic mapping of participation in the making of infiltration-well. Analysis is made by making comparison between the mapping and the actual activity in case study areas in Kelurahan Duren Sawit and Pondok Kopi, Kecamatan Duren Sawit, East Jakarta.
A field survey is conducted and a further descriptive analysis is utilized. Data collection is carried out through interviews and questionnaires, observations and literature studies. Data is then analysed quantitatively and qualitatively for individual groups of stakeholders.
Based on the comparisons made between the ideal level of participation and the actual participation of each stakeholder group, conclusions can be drawn
as follow:
1 The Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta has not made maximum efforts in promoting the Decision of the Governor of DKI Jakarta
Number 115 Year 2001 which has resulted in the limited number of community members who recognize the regulations.
2. The community level of awareness and participation in the implementation of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government efforts in the run-off management and water resources reservations is low. This is due to the failure of the government to inform the community the purposes and aims of the PLH, as well as the inadequate and weak monitoring of the making of infiltration wells by the community members. The above conclusions indicate that the Decision of The Local Government of DKI Jakarta Number 115 Year 2001 on The making of Infiltration Well in the province of Jakarta has not been well implemented and executed.
;The economic development and the population growth of a city lead to the increasing demand for public services such as new roads, settlement areas, trade centers, office buildings, hospitals and schools. However, this, in the long run will affect the ground surface condition and change from pervious to impervious surface, the condition which will cause increasing volume of surface run-off and higher flood potential. The condition of over capacity of the rivers and reservoirs and poor drainage system of the city contributes to flood occurrence.
The concept of conventional stormwater management is based on the idea of draining the water from the affected area in the quickest manner to the recipient water body.
To overcome the run-off problem, an innovative, sustainable ecosystem- based approach for land development and run-off management, known as “Low Impact Development (LID)” concept is to be adopted. The basic idea of the concept is to detain and slow down the flow of run-off entering the water body, giving time for the water to infiltrate into the ground and recharge the ground water without flooding the area.
Within the framework of run-off management and water resources reservation, the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta has issued the Decree of Governor of DKI Jakarta, Number 115 Year 2001, on the Making of Infiltration-Well in the Province of DKI Jakarta. This, however, has not been successfully implemented.
The purpose of the present research is therefore (a) to know the level of participation of stakeholders in run-off management activity, (b) to advise the government on the ideal community-based participation run-off management.
The present research is carried out by applying the “Stakeholders Analysis” (World Bank, 1998) approach to obtain the stakeholders level of participation and the strategic mapping of participation in the making of infiltration-well. Analysis is made by making comparison between the mapping and the actual activity in case study areas in Kelurahan Duren Sawit and Pondok Kopi, Kecamatan Duren Sawit, East Jakarta.
A field survey is conducted and a further descriptive analysis is utilized. Data collection is carried out through interviews and questionnaires, observations and literature studies. Data is then analysed quantitatively and qualitatively for individual groups of stakeholders.
Based on the comparisons made between the ideal level of participation and the actual participation of each stakeholder group, conclusions can be drawn
as follow:
1 The Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta has not made maximum efforts in promoting the Decision of the Governor of DKI Jakarta
Number 115 Year 2001 which has resulted in the limited number of community members who recognize the regulations.
2. The community level of awareness and participation in the implementation of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government efforts in the run-off management and water resources reservations is low. This is due to the failure of the government to inform the community the purposes and aims of the PLH, as well as the inadequate and weak monitoring of the making of infiltration wells by the community members. The above conclusions indicate that the Decision of The Local Government of DKI Jakarta Number 115 Year 2001 on The making of Infiltration Well in the province of Jakarta has not been well implemented and executed.
;The economic development and the population growth of a city lead to the increasing demand for public services such as new roads, settlement areas, trade centers, office buildings, hospitals and schools. However, this, in the long run will affect the ground surface condition and change from pervious to impervious surface, the condition which will cause increasing volume of surface run-off and higher flood potential. The condition of over capacity of the rivers and reservoirs and poor drainage system of the city contributes to flood occurrence.
The concept of conventional stormwater management is based on the idea of draining the water from the affected area in the quickest manner to the recipient water body.
To overcome the run-off problem, an innovative, sustainable ecosystem- based approach for land development and run-off management, known as “Low Impact Development (LID)” concept is to be adopted. The basic idea of the concept is to detain and slow down the flow of run-off entering the water body, giving time for the water to infiltrate into the ground and recharge the ground water without flooding the area.
Within the framework of run-off management and water resources reservation, the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta has issued the Decree of Governor of DKI Jakarta, Number 115 Year 2001, on the Making of Infiltration-Well in the Province of DKI Jakarta. This, however, has not been successfully implemented.
The purpose of the present research is therefore (a) to know the level of participation of stakeholders in run-off management activity, (b) to advise the government on the ideal community-based participation run-off management.
The present research is carried out by applying the “Stakeholders Analysis” (World Bank, 1998) approach to obtain the stakeholders level of participation and the strategic mapping of participation in the making of infiltration-well. Analysis is made by making comparison between the mapping and the actual activity in case study areas in Kelurahan Duren Sawit and Pondok Kopi, Kecamatan Duren Sawit, East Jakarta.
A field survey is conducted and a further descriptive analysis is utilized. Data collection is carried out through interviews and questionnaires, observations and literature studies. Data is then analysed quantitatively and qualitatively for individual groups of stakeholders.
Based on the comparisons made between the ideal level of participation and the actual participation of each stakeholder group, conclusions can be drawn
as follow:
1. The Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta has not made maximum efforts in promoting the Decision of the Governor of DKI Jakarta
Number 115 Year 2001 which has resulted in the limited number of community members who recognize the regulations.
2. The community level of awareness and participation in the implementation of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government efforts in the run-off management and water resources reservations is low. This is due to the failure of the government to inform the community the purposes and aims of the PLH, as well as the inadequate and weak monitoring of the making of infiltration wells by the community members. The above conclusions indicate that the Decision of The Local Government of DKI Jakarta Number 115 Year 2001 on The making of Infiltration Well in the province of Jakarta has not been well implemented and executed., The economic development and the population growth of a city lead to the increasing demand for public services such as new roads, settlement areas, trade centers, office buildings, hospitals and schools. However, this, in the long run will affect the ground surface condition and change from pervious to impervious surface, the condition which will cause increasing volume of surface run-off and higher flood potential. The condition of over capacity of the rivers and reservoirs and poor drainage system of the city contributes to flood occurrence.
The concept of conventional stormwater management is based on the idea of draining the water from the affected area in the quickest manner to the recipient water body.
To overcome the run-off problem, an innovative, sustainable ecosystem- based approach for land development and run-off management, known as “Low Impact Development (LID)” concept is to be adopted. The basic idea of the concept is to detain and slow down the flow of run-off entering the water body, giving time for the water to infiltrate into the ground and recharge the ground water without flooding the area.
Within the framework of run-off management and water resources reservation, the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta has issued the Decree of Governor of DKI Jakarta, Number 115 Year 2001, on the Making of Infiltration-Well in the Province of DKI Jakarta. This, however, has not been successfully implemented.
The purpose of the present research is therefore (a) to know the level of participation of stakeholders in run-off management activity, (b) to advise the government on the ideal community-based participation run-off management.
The present research is carried out by applying the “Stakeholders Analysis” (World Bank, 1998) approach to obtain the stakeholders level of participation and the strategic mapping of participation in the making of infiltration-well. Analysis is made by making comparison between the mapping and the actual activity in case study areas in Kelurahan Duren Sawit and Pondok Kopi, Kecamatan Duren Sawit, East Jakarta.
A field survey is conducted and a further descriptive analysis is utilized. Data collection is carried out through interviews and questionnaires, observations and literature studies. Data is then analysed quantitatively and qualitatively for individual groups of stakeholders.
Based on the comparisons made between the ideal level of participation and the actual participation of each stakeholder group, conclusions can be drawn
as follow:
1 The Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta has not made maximum efforts in promoting the Decision of the Governor of DKI Jakarta
Number 115 Year 2001 which has resulted in the limited number of community members who recognize the regulations.
2. The community level of awareness and participation in the implementation of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government efforts in the run-off management and water resources reservations is low. This is due to the failure of the government to inform the community the purposes and aims of the PLH, as well as the inadequate and weak monitoring of the making of infiltration wells by the community members. The above conclusions indicate that the Decision of The Local Government of DKI Jakarta Number 115 Year 2001 on The making of Infiltration Well in the province of Jakarta has not been well implemented and executed.
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