Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"This reserach aim ti prove whether any difference in auditor ethical judgment to earnings management practise and examine six dimensions of eranings management which influence auditor ethical judgment....."

"Summary:Addresses themes such as - the measurement of diversity and freedom, formal analysis of individual rights and intentions, judgment aggregation under constraints and strategic manipulation in fuzzy environments. This volume also deals with philosophical aspects of normative social choice."

"Organized according to the sequence mental health professionals follow when conducting an assessment, Groth-Marnat's Handbook of Psychological Assessment, Sixth Edition covers principles of assessment, evaluation, referral, treatment planning, and report writing. Written in a practical, skills-based manner, the Sixth Edition provides guidance on the most efficient methods for selecting and administering tests, interpreting assessment data, how to integrate test scores and develop treatment plans as well as instruction on ways to write effective, client-oriented psychological reports. This text provides through coverage of the most commonly used assessment instruments including the Wechsler Intelligence Scales, Wechsler Memory Scales, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Personality Assessment Inventory, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, NEO Personality, Rorschach, Thematic Apperception Test, and brief assessment instruments for treatment planning, monitoring, and outcome assessment.Organized according to the sequence mental health professionals follow when conducting an assessment, this classic resource covers principles of assessment, evaluation, referral, treatment planning, and report writing. Written in a practical, skills-based manner, the sixth edition provides guidance on the most efficient methods for selecting and administering tests, interpreting assessment data, how to integrate test scores and develop treatment plans as well as instruction on ways to write effective, client-oriented psychological reports. The latest edition provides through coverage of the most commonly used assessment instruments including the Wechsler Intelligence Scales, Wechsler Memory Scales, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Personality Assessment Inventory, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, NEO Personality Inventory, Rorschach, Thematic Apperception Test, and brief assessment instruments for treatment planning, monitoring, and outcome assessment. In addition^^ this sixth edition includes: Fully updated with new research and the DSM-5 and ICD-10 New chapter on the NEO Personality Inventory-3. The NEO inventories provide a comprehensive assessment of adult and adolescent personality based on the strongly empirically supported Five Factor Model of personality. New chapter on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI), which has gained both strong empirical support and wide clinical popularity. Includes updated information on the newly developed Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition (WISC-V). The chapter on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory includes coverage of both the MMPI-2 and the MMPI-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) The chapter on the Rorschach discusses both the Comprehensive System and the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS). The "Use with Diverse Groups" sections reflect the more extensive use of assessment for a wide variety of populations and the importance of competently and sensitively work. ing with diverse populations. Greater emphasis on making assessment more user friendly and consumer oriented. This is reflected in suggestions for using everyday language in reports, connecting interpretations to actual client behavior, strategies for wording interpretations in a manner likely to enhance client growth, and the importance of collaborating with clients. The treatment planning and clinical decision making chapter has been completely updated, and the psychological report writing chapter has been updated to include the American Psychological Association and Society for Personality Assessment's current thinking about proficiency in personality assessment."

"Dari data yang tercatat dibiro pusat statistik tercatat bahwa sebagian besar hakim Pengadilan Negeri lebih memilih memidana seorang terpidana anak daripana memilih alternatif hukuman lainnya sebagaimana yang diatur oleh undang-undang. Kecenderungan ini menimbulkan suatu pertanyaan mengapa hakim-hakim tersebut memilih memidana anak ? Padahal jika melihat dampak dari dipidananya seorang anak akan sangat berpengaruh pada masa depan sianak tersebut. Dari hasil analisa ditemukan memang pada tingkat pengadilan negeri para hakim cenderung memilih pidana yang demikian namun dari kasus yang sengaja dipilih dalam tingkat kasasi terlihat bahwa hakim-hakim dipengadilan tinggi dan mahkamah agung mulai memberikan argumentasi berbeda dengan menjatuhkan hukuman yang merupakan suatu terobosan baru."

"Direksi merupakan organ dari perseroan terbatas yang berwenang dan bertanggung jawab penuh atas pengurusan perseroan terbatas dan mewakili perseroan terbatas, baik di dalam maupun di luar pengadilan. Hubungan antara Direksi dengan perseroan terbatas terjadi karena adanya kepercayaan yang diberikan oleh perseroan terbatas kepada Direksi. Karenanya dalam menjalankan tugas yang diembannya, Direksi memiliki kewajiban fiduciary (fiduciary duty). Dalam mengelola perseroan terbatas, Direksi dituntut untuk dapat mengambil keputusan bisnis yang tepat dan cepat. Namun tuntutan tersebut tidak mengurangi pelaksanaan kewajiban fiduciary duty oleh Direksi.Penelitian ini membahas mengenai doktrin business judgment rule, yakni doktrin yang melindungi Direksi atas setiap keputusan yang diambilnya, selama hal tersebut dilakukan dalam batasbatas kewenangan dengan penuh kehati-hatian dan itikad baik. Doktrin business judgment rule kini diatur secara jelas dalam Undang-undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas yang membebaskan anggota Direksi dari tanggung jawab penuh secara pribadi atas kerugian perseroan terbatas dalam hal-hal tertentu.Berdasarkan bentuknya, tipologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksplanatoris karena penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan doktrin business judgment rule, hubungannya dengan adanya fiduciary duty pada Direksi dalam menjalankan pengurusan perseroan terbatas dan pengaturannya dalam Undang-undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007. Sedangkan tipologi penelitian yang digunakan berdasarkan tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah problem identification, dimana penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasikan permasalahan yang membawa kerugian bagi perseroan terbatas dan perlindungan bagi Direksi atas kerugian tersebut yang merupakan hasil dari keputusannya.Penelitian ini membahas mengenai hubungan antara fiduciary duty yang merupakan kewajiban Direksi dengan doktrin business judgment rule yang memberikan perlindungan bagi Direksi dalam mengurus perseroan terbatas, pengaturan business judgment rule berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 dan penerapan business judgment rule berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 pada suatu kasus gugatan terhadap Direksi (bilamana diasumsikan bahwa dalam kasus itu keputusan yang diambil Direksi tersebut membawa kerugian bagi perseroan terbatas yang diurusnya).

---

The Board of Directors is an organ within a limited liability company which is entitled to and fully responsible in managing the company and in representing the company, inside or outside the court. The relationship between the Board of Directors and the company arises due to a trust given by the company to the Board of Directors. Thus, the Board of Directors has a fiduciary duty in performing its management duties. In managing the company, the Board of Directors is required to make appropriate business resolution quickly. However, such requirement should not prejudice the performance of the fiduciary duty obligation by the Board of Directors.

This research paper discusses the business judgment rule doctrine, which is a doctrine that protects the Board of Directors in respect of each of its resolution, to the extent that such resolution is made with due care and in good faith. The business judgment rule doctrine is now expressly stipulated in Law Number 40 of 2007 regarding Limited Liability Companies, which aptly relinquishes the member of Board of Directors from full personal responsibility with regard to the company?s loss in particular conditions.

The typology used in this research paper is explanatory research since the purpose of this research paper is to describe the business judgment rule doctrine, its relation with the fiduciary duty of the Board of Directors in managing the company and its stipulation in Law Number 40 of 2007. Further, the research typology based on the purpose used in this research paper is a problem identification, and the purpose of this research is to classify the problems which result in loss incurred by the companies and the protection given to the Board of Directors in regard to such loss due to Board of Directors?s decision.

This research paper discusses the relationship between the fiduciary duty which is the Board of Directors?s obligation and the business judgment rule doctrine which grants a protection to Board of Directors, the stipulation of business judgment rule under Law Number 40 of 2007 and the implementation of the business judgment rule pursuant to Law Number 40 of 2007, in a lawsuit against the Board of Directors (assuming that in such lawsuit, the Board of Directors?s decision resulted in a loss incurred by the company)."

"Permasalahan yang sering ditemui konsumen dalam membeli perumahan adalah wanprestasi terhadap perjanjian. Konsumen biasanya tergiur membeli rumah dengan penawaran harga murah dan juga pengembang menggunakan konsep syariah dalam menawarkan produk perumahannya. Salah satu perusahaan pengembang perumahan yang menggunakan konsep ini adalah PT Fimadani Graha Mandiri (FGM) yang terletak di Bekasi. Perjanjian yang digunakan adalah Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (Akad Istishna), Perjanjian Akad Jual Beli secara Kredit dan Angsuran (Al-Bay’ Bi Ad-Dayn Wa Bi At-Taqsith) dan Addendum Perjanjian. Perjanjian menjelaskan tentang hak dan kewajiban antara pengembang dan konsumen. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah menganalisis hak dan kewajiban pengembang dan konsumen yang tertuang dalam perjanjian, menganalisis perjanjian dalam penjualan tersebut dapat melindungi pembeli dan penjual dari wanprestasi para pihak, dan menganalisis hakim dalam menerapkan putusan hukum terhadap gugatan wanprestasi pembeli.. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode hukum doktrinal, yaitu memfokuskan untuk membedah sebuah sintesa dari aturan, asas, norma, panduan penilaian nilai-nilai.Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa hak dan kewajiban telah tertuang di dalam perjanjian yang mengatur hak dan kewajiban konsumen dan pengembang. Penerapan perlindungan konsumen dalam perjanjian sudah menerapkan perlindungan konsumen terhadap hal berikut: perlindungan konsumen terhadap hak menerima informasi yang benar, perlindungan konsumen dalam memilih barang sesuai keinginan yang dikehendaki oleh konsumen, perlindungan konsumen agar mendapatkan kompensasi jika spesifikasi yang disepakati tidak sesuai dengan kesepakatan dalam perjanjian, dan perlindungan konsumen untuk menerima perumahan secara sempurna. Efektifitas perlindungan konsumen dalam putusan gugatan masih belum maksimal. Ganti kerugian dan pengembalian uang tidak diberikan PT FGM dengan alasan sudah tidak ada lagi uang dan aset perusahaan. Konsumen juga tidak dapat mengajukan eksekusi karena tidak dapat memastikan aset yang dimiliki oleh PT FGM.

---

The problem with consumers when buying housing is a breach of contract. Consumers buy houses with cheap deals. Developers use the Sharia concept in offering their housing products. One of the housing development companies that use this concept is PT Fimadani Graha Mandiri (FGM) located in Bekasi. The agreements used are the Sale and Purchase Binding Agreement (Istishna Contract), the Credit and Installment Sale and Purchase Agreement (Al-Bay’ Bi Ad-Dayn Wa Bi At-Taqsith), and the Addendum Agreement. The agreement explains the rights and obligations between the developer and the consumer. The purpose of this writing is to analyze the rights and obligations of the developer and consumer as outlined in the agreement, to analyze whether the agreement in the sale can protect the buyer and seller from breaches of contract by the parties, and to analyze the judge's application of legal decisions on breach of contract lawsuits by buyers. This writing uses the doctrinal legal method, which focuses on dissecting a synthesis of rules, principles, norms, and value assessment guidelines.

The results of the discussion show that the rights and obligations have been outlined in the agreement that regulates the rights and obligations of consumers and developers. The application of consumer protection in the agreement has implemented consumer protection against the following: protection of consumers' right to receive accurate information, protection of consumers in choosing goods according to their desired preferences, protection of consumers to receive compensation if the agreed specifications do not match the agreement, and protection of consumers to receive housing in perfect condition. The effectiveness of consumer protection in the lawsuit decision is still not optimal. Compensation and refunds were not provided by PT FGM on the grounds that there were no longer any funds and assets of the company. Consumers also cannot file for execution because they cannot ascertain the assets owned by PT FGM."