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Abstrak :
Bentonit asal Tapanuli telah dimodifikasi menjadi organoclay dengan menggunakan surfaktan kationik ODTMABr sebagai agen penginterkalasi. Kemudian produk hasil modifikasi dikarakterisasi dengan XRD, FTIR, SEM¬EDS, dan TGA. Sebelum preparasi, dilakukan fraksinasi bentonit sehingga didapat Fraksi 2 yang kaya montmorillonite (MMT) yang kemudian diseragamkan kation bebasnya dengan Na+ (menjadi Na-MMT). Selanjutnya menggunakan tembaga amin, nilai KTK Na diperoleh sebesar 65,5mek/100gram Na-MMT. Variasi jumlah ODTMABr yang digunakan untuk preparasi organoclay adalah 1,0; 2,0; dan 2,5 KTK. Pengaruh penambahan ODTMABr terhadap basal spacing, diamati dengan XRD low angel, menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan basal spacing dari 17.36 Å untuk Na-MMT menjadi 21.03 Å, 20.72 Å, dan 18.39 Å untuk 1,0; 2,0; dan 2,5 KTK. Kemampuan adsorpsi organoclay 1.0 KTK yang telah diprerparasi digunakan sebagai adsorben untuk fenol dan dibandingkan dengan Fraksi 2 dan Na-MMT. Data yang diperoleh pada kurva isotherm adsorpsi menunjukkan bahwa organoclay lebih efektif dalam menyerap fenol dan proses penyerapannya mengikuti kurva isotherm adsorpsi Freundlich. Bentonite from Tapanuli has been modified into organoclay using cationic surfactant as an agent ODTMABr as intercalation agent. Then the products were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS, and TGA. Before perparation, bentonite fractionation was performed in order to get Fraction 2 which is rich with montmorillonite (MMT) phase, and then is cation-exchanged with Na+ (called Na-MMT). Furthermore, using a copper amine methode, its cation exchange capacity (CEC) value was determined as 65.5 mek/100gram Na-MMT. Variation of ODTMABr concentration used for the preparation of organoclay is 1.0; 2.0 and 2.5 CEC. The effect of the addition of ODTMABr to Na-MMT?s basal spacing, observed by low angel XRD, shows an increase in basal spacing of initially 17.36 Å for Na-MMT to 20.85 Å, 21.03 Å, and 18.02 Å for 1.0; 2.0; and 2.5 CEC. 1.0 CEC organoclay adsorption capacity was observed by using it as adsorbent for phenol and compared with the capacity of Fraction 2 and Na-MMT. Data obtained on the adsorption isotherm curve shows that the organoclay is more effective in adsorbing phenols and the adsorption process follows Freundlich adsorption isotherm curve.

Abstrak :
The abundance of graphite waste can be processed into valuable materials; one alternative is by making it into an adsorbent. Graphite-based adsorbent modification can be accomplished by adding magnetite nanoparticles Fe3O4. The addition of magnetite nanoparticles has been reported to improve the adsorption ability of the graphite waste. In this study, we have developed a new carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorbent based on graphite waste modified with magnetite nanoparticle Fe3O4. The Fe3O4 were prepared using an impregnation technique. The graphite/Fe3O4 composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy with an energy-dispersive X-ray system (SEM-EDX) and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET). The CO2 adsorption performance was evaluated using an isothermal adsorption method at various temperatures (30, 35, and 45oC) and pressures (3, 5, 8, 15, and 20 bar). This resulted in graphite with different magnetite modification levels, namely non-modified graphite (GNM), a graphite/Fe3O4 20% (w/w) composite (G/Fe3O4 20%), and a graphite/Fe3O4 35% (w/w) (G/Fe3O4 35%), which indicated that the largest adsorption capacity is 10.305 mmol.g-1 at 30oC and 20 bar pressure for the G/Fe3O4 20% composite. This finding further revealed that modifying graphite waste with magnetite nanoparticles Fe3O4 has been proved to increase the capacity for adsorbing CO2 gas.