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"Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Yodium (GAKY) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang perlu ditangani secara serius di Indonesia, karena sangat berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan mental dan dapat menurunkan kualitas sumber daya manusia.Propinsi Sumatera Barat adalah salah satu daerah endemik "sedang" di Indonesia dengan prevalensi gondok/ Total Goiter Rate (TGR) sebesar 20,5%. Angka ini sangat tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan angka Nasional sebesar 9,8%. Sementara target yang hendak dicapai adalah kurang dari 5% pada tahun 2010. Dalam rangka penanggulangan dampak GARY, pemerintah Propinsi Sumatera Barat melalui Kepala Bappeda telah mengeluarkan Surat Keputusan Nomor:414/8/0811/PKSDMPK/Bappeda-2003 tentang Tim Penanggulangan GAKY di Propinsi Sumatera Barat.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang gambaran dan faktor-faktor yang mendukung kinerja tim penanggulangan GAKY di Propinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2003, dengan pendekatan sistem meliputi: Input struktur organisasi, aspek hukum dan kebijakan, tenaga, sarana pendukung dan biaya), Proses (koordinasi tim, pembagian tugas dan kewenangan, rencana kerja tim, pembinaan, monitoring dan evaluasi) dan Output (dokumen koordinasi, notulen pertemuan, dokumen pembagian tugas dan kewenangan, dokumen rencana kerja, dokumen pembinaan dan dokumen evaluasi).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tim penanggulangan GAKY Propinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2005 belum berfungsi secara optimal sebagai organisasi.Berdasarkan hasil peneliuan yang dilakukan maka disarankan kepada Dinas Kesehatan Propinsi dan Kabupaten/Kota agar melakukan pembenahan internal dengan pembinaan personil, melakukan manajemen secara transparans, melakukan advokasi. Terhadap Tim GAKY disarankan agar menterjemahkan Surat keputusan tentang Tim GAKY sebagai pedoman pelaksanaan kegiatan, membuat rencana kerja dan melakukan rakor secara berkala, merumuskan indikator dan kriteria masing-masing komponen tim, melakukan kajian dan evaluasi terhadap komponen dan proses koordinasi serta memberikan umpan balik kepada masing-masing unsur yang terlibat dalam upaya penanggulangan dampak GAKY di Propinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2003. Selanjutnya Kepada Pemda dan DPRD Propinsi Sumatera Barat diharapkan dapat memberikan dukungan sehingga upaya penanggulangan GAKY di Propinsi Sumatera Barat dapat terlaksana dengan baik."

"ABSTRACTA study on Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) and intellectual performance of the school-children has been done in Malang District, East Java, in December 1994. This study covered 11 villages within 5 sub districts, three of which have volcanic soil and two have limestone soil. Totally 544 school-children aged 8- 10 years old, from 22 public primary schools were measured. Villages selection was done with the aim to describe the overall extent and severity of IDD among school-children by using different methods of assessment. Methods of assessment were palpation, ultrasonography, urinary iodine excretion (UIE) and the serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level. Culture Fair Intelligence Test were used to assess the intelligence quotient (IQ) points. The Total Goiter Rate (TGR) for the whole survey area as indicated both by palpation and ultrasound measurement were revealed 35.7 % and 54.8 % respectively. According to WHO criteria, the survey area categorized as "Severe" (TGR >=30%) as indicated by either palpation or ultrasound measurement. In contrast, the survey area categorized as "Mild" based on both UIE and TSH level (Median UIE = 5.50 ag/dl, TSH >5 mU/l = 3.4 %) Goiter, either determined by palpation or USG, was significantly associated with IQ points of the subjects ( p < 0.001 and p < 0.01 respectively). The association between median of UIE and IQ points of the subjects were also significant (p < 0.001). TSH level was not necessarily associated with either IQ points of the subjects or another IDD indicators. It is concluded that two of the IDD indicators (goiter and UIE) were significantly associated with the level of intelligence of the school-children, which reflected the quality of life of the people. Therefore, the intervention is urgently needed. "

"Radioactive Iodine-131 therapy is one of the modalities of hyperthyroidism treatment. This kind of therapy has been practiced for about 50 years and have been noted to be effective, safe, and relatively economical.Beta radiation of Iodine-131 causes the ablation of thyroid follicle cells, thus stopping excessive production of thyroid hormone. Thyroid ablation shows its effect progressively and can be clinically observed after 8 to 12 weeks.12 The effect can be accelerated or slowed down by administering higher or lower doses. A precaution regarding predicted side effects of radiation, such as possible carcinogenesis, leukemogenesis, and impacts on genes and fertility have not been proven. "

"Salt, is a potential vehicle and has extensively been used for delivery of iodine to the population, as an iodized salt. Many methods for assessing intake of salt have been applied in several studies in Indonesia, but all those methods were suspected to be relatively inaccurate. More precise method needed to define the amount of discretionary salt intake, which is salt added during cooking and at the table.Lithjum.marker technique is a relatively new method, has been established as a suitable, safe and biological reference for tracking the actual intake of individual salt. This method has been treated as a ?gold standard? method for assessing the discretionary salt intake. This result report deals with three methods: lithium-labeled salt technique, 24-hour salt recall and salt weighing, for assessing discretionary salt intake among children and mothers in an iodine deficient area of East Java-Indonesia.The research report has been organized under three major parts. The first part, the introduction, consists ofbackground, problem statement and rationale ofthe study, literature review, conceptual framework of research, objectives and variable and indicator matrix. Part two, the manuscript for publication to International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition. This part provides the abstract, introduction, subjects and methods, result, discussion, conclusion, and references. Part three is the last part of this report, the appendices, consists of questionnaires, detailed of the methodologies, detailed of the results, ethic application and ethical clearance, grand approval, references and curriculum vitae."

"Dari hasil pemeriksaan histology, radiolagy, biomekanik dan biokimia pada penelitian ini dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa proses penyembuhan patah tulang pada tibia kanan adalah lebih cepat di banding tibia kiri atau proses penyembuhan patah tulang dengan pencucian larutan NaCl lebih cepat dari pada pencucian dengan larutan povidone iodine encer. Ini menunjukkan kemungkinan adanya pengaruh larutan povidone iodine pada proses penyembuhan patah tulang"

"In order to practice green chemistry, a simple and safe spectrophotometric method for iodide determination has been successfully developed based on the formation of a blue starch-iodine complex. Iodide was oxidized to form iodine prior to the addition of a starch solution, and the blue starch-iodine complex was directly detected spectrophoto-metrically at a wavelength of 615 nm. The chemical parameters, such as type, reaction time, as well as concentration of oxidizing agents and solution pH were optimized with respect to sensitivity and analysis time. The method showed optimum results under iodate oxidant with a mol ratio of IO3 -:I- =1:3, reaction time of 5 minutes, and solution pH of 5. Under these optimum conditions, the method showed linierity measurements from 5-40 mg/L iodide with a correlation (R2) of 0.9889. This technique offers a simple, safe, accurate, and relatively fast method for iodide determination, which is prospective for monitoring iodide samples.

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Metode Spektrofotometri Sederhana dan Aman untuk Penentuan Iodida. Penentuan iodida menggunakan metode spektrofotometri sederhana dengan bahan kimia tidak berbahaya telah berhasil dikembangkan berdasarkan pembentukan kompleks biru iodium-amilum. Iodida terlebih dahulu dioksidasi menjadi iodium yang dengan penambahan amilum menghasilkan kompleks biru iodium-amilum yang dapat dideteksi menggunakan spektrofotometer pada panjang gelombang 615 nm. Parameter kimia, seperti jenis, waktu reaksi, dan konsentrasi oksidator, serta pH larutan dioptimasi untuk meningkatkan sensitifitas dan efektifitas waktu analisis. Hasil optimasi metode menunjukkan bahwa hasil optimum diperoleh pada mol rasio oksidator iodat terhadap iodida 1:3, waktu reaksi 5 menit, dan pH larutan 1. Pada kondisi optimum tersebut, metode ini memberikan linieritas pengukuran iodida dari 5-40 mg/L dengan koefisien korelasi (R2) 0,9889. Metode ini menawarkan cara yang sederhana, aman, akurat, dan relatif cepat untuk penentuan iodida yang prospektif untuk monitoring sampel iodida."

"Saat ini depresi memiliki prevalensi cukup tinggi di dunia. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah hipotiroid akibat tidak cukupnya asupan yodium.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan konsumsi yodium terhadap tingkat depresi pada wanita usia 18-25 tahun di RSUD Pasar Minggu.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan studi analitik observasional. Responden berjumlah 87 wanita usia 18-25 tahun dan memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Data asupan yodium diperoleh melalui kuesioner semi-kuantitatif frekuensi makanan tinggi yodium dengan wawancara. Hasilnya dianalisis menggunakan Nutrisurvey for Windows. Pengukuran tingkat depresi menggunakan kuesioner HDRS dengan wawancara.Hasil: Asupan yodium responden yang sesuai dengan rekomendasi adalah 90,9 . Proporsi penderita depresi berjumlah 80,5. Hasil uji Anova dan post-hoc Bonferroni menunjukkan adanya hubungan secara klinis dan statistik antara konsumsi yodium dengan tingkat depresi pada kelompok normal dengan depresi ringan p=0,002, normal dengan depresi sedang p=0,004 , dan normal dengan depresi berat p=0,008. Di sisi lain, terdapat hubungan klinis antara konsumsi yodium dengan tingkat depresi pada kelompok depresi ringan dengan sedang, depresi ringan dengan berat, dan depresi sedang dengan berat.Diskusi: Dapat disimpulkan terdapat hubungan konsumsi yodium dengan tingkat depresi.Kata kunci:Konsumsi yodium, tingkat depresi, wanita, 18-25 tahun.

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Currently, depression has a fairly high prevalence in the world. One of the reasons is hypothyroid due to inadequate intake of iodine.

Objective: To determine the relation of iodine consumption with depression level in women aged 18 25 years in Pasar Minggu Hospital.

Methods: The research used a cross sectional design with observational method. The respondents were 87 women aged 18 25 years and suited criteria. Data iodine was obtained using semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire of high iodine. The result is analyzed using Nutrisurvey for Windows. The depression levels were measured using HDRS questionnaire.

Results: 90,9 of respondents had iodine intake as recommended. The proportion of depression is 80.5. The results of ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni showed a clinical and statistic relations between consumption of iodine with depression levels in normal group with mild depression p 0.002, normal with moderate depression p 0.004, and normal with severe depression p 0.008 . Whereas, there is a clinical relation between the consumption of iodine with level of depression in the mild group with moderate depression, mild with severe depression, and moderate with severe depression.

Discussion: It can be concluded that there is a relation of iodine consumption with level of depression."

"Biodiesel sebagai bahan bakar nabatimemiliki potensi besar terhadap kelangsungan bahan bakar alternatif di masa mendatang. Biodiesel yang dapat dihasilkan melalui sumber daya terbarukan seperti minyak nabati, ataupun lemak hewan tersebut digunakan dalam studi ini. Tujuan utama dari penelitian yang dilakukan adalah untuk menghasilkan biodiesel dari beberapa jenis sumber minyak nabati dan lemak hewan untuk memiliki profil metil ester yang beragam dalam melihat adanya potensi korelasi antara profil metil ester dengan kualitas produksi biodiesel yang dihasilkan. Produksi biodiesel dilakukan dengan tujuh jenis minyak/lemak yang berbeda. Minyak nabati yang digunakan yakni minyak bunga matahari, minyak kacang tanah, minyak kenari, minyak rapeseed, minyak kelapa terhidrogenasi dan minyak kopra terhidrogenasi serta lemak daging sapi. Setelah produksi biodiesel dilakukan, kualitas biodiesel tersebut pun kemudian diuji sesuai peraturan dan spesifikasi standar EN 14214. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, diketahui bahwa terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara komposisi metil ester dengan beberapa parameter penting biodiesel seperti viskositas, densitas, titik nyala api, titik penyumbatan cold filter plugging point , nilai kalor lebih tinggi, bilangan iodium dan bilangan saponifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat ketidakjenuhan yang tinggi pada biodiesel akan meningkatkan nilai densitas dan nilai kalor lebih tinggi. Di sisi lain, ikatan rangkap yang terdapat pada biodiesel akan menurunkan stabilitas oksidasi dan mengurangi nilai viskositas biodiesel. Selain itu, tingginya jumlah bilangan saponifikasi akan meningkatkan nilai densitas biodiesel, tetapi untuk parameter titik nyala api, hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya korelasi yang lemah antara titik nyala api dengan bilangan iodium dan bilangan saponifikasi.

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Biodiesel as an alternative diesel fuel holds promise for the future of alternative fuels. Biodiesel that derived from renewable resources such as vegetable oil was used in this experimental study. The main objective of this study to produce biodiesel from different initial feedstock and to study the composition and the quality of biodiesel profile synthesized. Biodiesels were produced from seven different types of vegetable oil sunflower, peanut, walnut, beef tallow, rapeseed, hydrogenated coconut and hydrogenated copra oil . Then, biodiesel quality was tested according to the EU 14214. The results have related methyl ester profile to several specifications such as viscosity, density, flash point, cold filter plugging point, higher heating value, iodine value and oxidative stability. The results show that high degree of unsaturation will increase the higher heating value and density. On the other hand, large number of double bonds will lower the oxidation stability and reduce viscosity. Moreover, high amount of saponification value will increase the number of density. However, the result shows a weak correlation between flash point in function of iodine value and saponification value."