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"Summary:Much of the history of corporate law has concerned itself not with shareholder power, but rather with its absence. Further chapters explore the relationship between shareholders and the board of directors, shareholder activism around mergers and acquisitions, and turf battles during shareholder litigation"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh corporate social responsibility disclosure dan investor relation terhadap klasifikasi bond rating. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian empiris yang menggunakan perusahaan non keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2006 s.d. 2014 sebagai sampel pada penelitian ini. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah semakin tingginya nilai corporate social responsibility disclosure dan implementasi investor relation pada laporan tahunan tidak memberikan kecenderungan bond perusahaan terklasifikasi ke dalam investment grade.

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The aims of this study are to determine the effect corporate social responsibility disclosure and investor relations to classification of bond rating. This research is an empirical study and conducted on non financial companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2006 2014. The study concludes that comprehensive CSR disclosures and implemented investor relation stated on annual report will have no tendency to make firm bond to be classified into investment grade."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti apakah opini audit going-concern dan persentase kepemilikan institusional berpengaruh terhadap biaya ekuitas cost of equity serta moderasi persentase kepemilikan institusional terhadap hubungan antara opini audit going-concern dan biaya ekuitas. Dari hasil regresi menggunakan 1.428 laporan keuangan tahunan dari tahun 2011-2016 dan menggunakan metode CAPM dalam pengukuran biaya ekuitas, penulis menemukan bahwa ada hubungan positif antara opini audit going-concern dengan biaya ekuitas. Hal ini menunjukkan opini audit going-concern dapat meningkatkan biaya ekuitas perusahaan. Teori mengatakan bahwa opini audit going-concern mencerminkan risiko bagi perusahaan, sehingga dapat meningkatkan pembiayaan dari sisi ekuitas. Penelitan ini juga menemukan bahwa kepemilikan institusional berhubungan negatif dengan biaya ekuitas, sehingga pada pengujian moderasi, penelitian ini menemukan hasil bahwa kepemilikan institusional memperlemah hubungan positif antara opini audit going-concern dengan biaya ekuitas. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi implikasi, khususnya bagi para auditor agar lebih meningkatkan kualitas audit dan juga investor agar lebih meningkatkan prinsip kehati-hatian dalam melakukan investasi.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to examine whether going concern audit opinion and institutional ownership measured by percentage of institutional ownership have impact on the cost of equity, furthermore whether the institutional ownership can weaken the impact between going concern audit opinion and cost of equity. From regression using 1.428 annual report from 2011 2016, with CAPM method to measure the cost of equity, we found that there is a positive relationship between going concern audit opinion and the cost of equity. This shows the going concern audit opinion will raise the company rsquo s cost of equity. Theories said that the going concern audit opinion reflects risk for company, so it can raise equity financing. This research also find that percentage of institutional ownership has a negative relationship on cost of equity, so this gives an evidence that institutional ownership weaken the positive relationship between going concern audit opinion and cost of equity. Hopefully, the results from this study can be implied for auditor to improve their audit quality and investor to increase the awareness when they will make an investment."