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Abstrak :
We propose a novel identification method of two Indonesian intonation types : declarative and interrogative. The speech data are uttered by Indonesian natives that have different mother tongues....

Abstrak :

Intonasi merupakan salah satu aspek yang perlu dikuasai seorang pemelajar bahasa asing karena jika intonasi tidak dituturkan secara tepat, hal itu akan berakibat pada kesalahpahaman (Penny, 1991). Begitu pula pemelajar Korea yang belajar bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini menginvestigasi bagaimana intonasi tuturan deklaratif dan interogatif bahasa Indonesia dituturkan oleh pemelajar Korea. Penelitian ini menggunakan subjek penelitian pemelajar BIPA dari Korea yang berada pada tingkat pemula, madya, dan tinggi. Data penelitian berupa tiga tuturan bahasa Indonesia yang terdiri atas dua kalimat tunggal dan satu kalimat majemuk dalam percakapan yang diperankan sebanyak tiga kali. Penelitian ini mengaplikasikan pendekatan IPO dengan tiga kegiatan utama: eksperimen produksi ujaran, analisis akustik ujaran, dan eksperimen uji persepsi ujaran. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa ciri akustik yang menandai ketiga tingkat pemelajar adalah kontur intonasinya. Tinggi nada tidak memiliki keterkaitan dengan tingkat pemelajar. Tinggi nada secara khusus hanya menandai kontras tuturan deklaratif dan interogatif. Ciri akustik tuturan tingkat pemula dan madya masih menunjukkan adanya kesamaan dengan pola intonasi bahasa Korea, sedangkan pola intonasi tuturan tingkat tinggi tidak sama dengan bahasa Korea maupun bahasa Indonesia. Hanya kontras tinggi nada tuturan dekalaratif dan interogatif tingkat tinggi yang cenderung sama dengan bahasa Indonesia. Meskipun demikian, semua tuturan dari semua tingkat diterima dengan baik oleh orang Indonesia.

 

 

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Intonation is one of the aspects that need to be mastered by a foreign language learner because if intonation is not spoken correctly, it will result in misunderstanding (Penny, 1991). The idea is applied to Korean who learns Bahasa Indonesia. This study investigates how Korean learners make use of intonation to express declarative and interrogative utterances of Bahasa Indonesia. The subject of this study is native Koreans who study BIPA at the beginner, intermediate, and advance levels. The data of this study are three utterances in Bahasa Indonesia consisting of two single sentences and one compound sentence which then each subject needed to utter for three times. IPO approach is applied with three main activities: speech production experiment, speech acoustic analysis, and speech perception test experiment. This study showed that there is a particular relation between intonation contour and the learners level of comprehension. However, it failed to prove any relationships between pitch and the level of the learners. Regardless, the study found that pitch only marks the contrast of declarative and interrogative speech. The acoustic characteristics of beginner and intermediate speech levels still show similarities with the Korean intonation patterns, while the high-level speech intonation patterns are not the same as Korean and Indonesian. Only the high contrast of high-level declarative and interrogative speech tones tends to be the same as Indonesian. Nevertheless, all speeches from all levels were well received by Indonesians.

 

Keywords: Indonesian intonation pattern; Korean intonation pattern; Indonesian language learners level; declarative sentence; interrogative sentence

 

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini berfokus pada pertanyaan deklaratif bahasa Jepang. Pertanyaan deklaratif berbeda dengan pertanyaan pada umumnya yang memiliki pemarkah leksikal interogativa dan pemarkah gramatikal ka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui dan menjelaskan pertanyaan deklaratif dalam bahasa Jepang. Data penelitian ini diambil dari pertanyaan deklaratif dalam percakapan dalam anime Meitantei Conan Hiiro no Dangan. Alasan pemilihan sumber data ini adalah ditemukannya variasi pertanyaan deklaratif. Penelitian ini disajikan dalam bentuk transkripsi bahasa Jepang yang diberi kodifikasi dan data diidentifikasi berdasarkan intonasi tuturan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 3 intonasi pertanyaan deklaratif bahasa Jepang, yaitu naik, datar, dan turun. Pertanyaan deklaratif intonasi naik memiliki pemarkah da, pemarkah adverbia inferensial, pemarkah adverbia potensial, dan tanpa pemarkah. Pertanyaan deklaratif intonasi datar memiliki pemarkah adverbia inferensial dan tanpa pemarkah. Sedangkan, pertanyaan deklaratif intonasi turun memiliki pemarkah da ̧pemarkah adverbia inferensial, pemarkah kata tanya sebelum kalimat pertanyaan, dan tanpa pemarkah. ......This study focuses on Japanese declarative questions. Declarative questions are different from general questions which have interrogative lexical markers and grammatical markers ka. The purpose of this study is to identify and explain declarative questions in Japanese. The research data is taken from declarative question in anime Meitantei Conan Hiiro no Dangan. The reason for choosing this data source is the discovery of variations in declarative questions. This research is presented in the form of a Japanese transcription which was codified and the data was identified based on the intonation of the speech. The result of this study shows that there are 3 intonations of Japanese declarative questions, namely up, flat, and down. Ascending intonation declarative questions have da marker, inferential adverb marker potential adverb marker, and no marker. Flat intonation declarative questions have inferential adverb marker and no marker. Meanwhile, descending intonation declarative questions have inferential adverb marker, Q-word marker before the question, and no marker.

Abstrak :
Kemampuan berbicara memegang peranan penting dalam pemelajaran bahasa asing. Dalam berbicara, pelafalan harus tepat agar tidak menimbulkan kesalahpahaman. Penelitian fonetik auditif yang berbentuk penelitian lapangan ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan apakah mahasiswa Program Studi Jerman semester enam tahun ajaran 2013/2014 melakukan interferensi dalam intonasi kalimat tanya dan membahas penyebab yang melatarbelakangi fenomena tersebut. Data penelitian kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa yang dijadikan responden melakukan interferensi dalam melafalkan kalimat tanya bahasa Jerman dengan pola intonasi yang sesuai. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, disarankan adanya sesi pelajaran khusus untuk melatih pelafalan mahasiswa Program Studi Jerman. ...... Speaking ability plays an important role in learning a foreign language. To avoid misunderstandings, language learners must practice precise pronunciation. This auditory phonetic research in the form of field research aims to prove whether intonation interference occurs within interrogative sentences uttered by sixth semester students of German Studies in academic year 2013/2014 and to discuss the underlying reason on it. The research data were then qualitatively analysed. This study shows that the respondents do demonstrate the interference when required to pronounce given interrogative sentences with appropriate intonation patterns. Based on these results, I suggest that the concerned parties hold an extra seminar in which the students are able to practice proper German pronunciation.

Abstrak :
This experimental phonetic research deals with the prosodies of directive speech in Javanese. The research procedures were: (1) speech production, (2) acoustic analysis, and (3) perception test. The data investigated are three directive utterances, in the form of statements, commands, and questions. The data were obtained by recording dialogues that present polite as well as impolite speech. Three acoustic experiments were conducted for statements, commands, and questions in directive speech: (1) modifications of duration, (2) modifications of contour, and (3) modifications of fundamental frequency. The result of the subsequent perception tests to 90 stimuli with 24 subjects were analysed statistically with ANOVA (Analysis of Variant). Based on this statistic analysis, the prosodic characteristics of polite and impolite speech were identified.