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Abstrak :

Naskah Serat Wirid Riwayat Jati merupakan naskah jenis piwulang beraksara Jawa, yang berbentuk gancaran atau prosa. Naskah tersebut merupakan koleksi perpustakaan Reksa Pustaka, Pura Mangkunegaran, Surakarta. Teks berisi berbagai ajaran mistik Islam kejawen. Hal tersebut membuka peluang untuk mengkaji hubungan intertekstualitas dengan teks-teks yang diduga menjadi teks acuannya atau hipogram. Teks yang diduga menjadi hipogram Serat Wirid Riwayat Jati, antara lain Serat Wirid Hidayat Jati, Wirid Para Wali, Serat Panatagama dan Suluk Malang Sumirang. Kajian tentang hubungan intertekstualitas dalam naskah-naskah bergenre piwulang mistik belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua pendekatan. Pertama, pendekatan filologi untuk menyajikan edisi teksnya. Kedua, kajian intertekstualitas untuk menganalisis bentuk keterkaitan antarteks dalam naskah. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan terungkap bahwa bentuk transformasi teks-teks hipogram pada naskah Serat Wirid Riwayat Jati terdiri atas empat bentuk, yakni ekspansi, modifikasi, ekserp, dan konversi. Selain itu, terungkap posisi naskah Serat Wirid Riwayat Jati dalam kepustakaan naskah mistik sebagai naskah sintesis dan ideologi penulis teks dalam menciptakan naskah tersebut.

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Serat Wirid Riwayat Jati manuscript is a piwulang script that literated Javanese and presented in prose. This script was showed as a collection of Reksa Pustaka library in Pura Mangkunegaran, Surakarta. The script text contained variety of Javanese Islamic mystical teachings. That was open up oppurtunities to examine relationship between intertextuality and texts that were alleged to be reference or hypogram such as Serat Wirid Hidayat Jati, Wirid Para Wali, Serat Panatagama, and Suluk Malang Sumirang. The study of intertextuality relationships in mystical piwulang script has not been widely carried out.  This study used two approaches which were a philological approach to present the text edition and intertextuality study to analyze text linkage on the script. Based on final analysis result, there were four hypogram text transformation that was found on Serat Wirid Riwayat Jati script, such as expantion, modification, ekserp and convertion. In addition, it revealed that manuscript position in the mystical text literature as a synthetic text and the writer ideology in creating the manuscript.

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
The main objective of this research is mapping and exploring how the oppression and resistance of the main character (Kekayi) in Oka Rusminis short story Pohon Api are manifested through the strategic use of her own intellectuality, not only her beauty, her focus on future visions, and her attempt to garner support from the higher authority to win the competition. This research applied the qualitative approach with content analysis method. This research reveals that Kekayi, the main character in Oka Rusminis short story Pohon Api, is an individual who is at an intersection. She faces a series of oppression, discrimination, harassment, and unpleasant events which comes from all directions of the intersection. Then, when a bad treatment is given, it will form a particular pattern that becomes habitual and eventually becomes an ideology. Furthermore, Kekayi possesses the capital to become a strong woman. That power is something given by the Almighty. However, she is also a female learner who always wants to be equal with men.

Abstrak :
This paper, based on the text of the Jakarta MS C. St. 125 published by Lukman Ali and M.S. Hutagalung (1996), shows by a comparative reading of selected samples of war-episodes in the hikayat, that, in spite of the countless differences between them, all ultimately tell one and the same underlying story. This story is in each war-episode retold in a process of constant variation within identity. This is done by combining “pre-fab” units that each form a slot in an already predetermined narrative structure. Each of these slots is filled with a selection of type-scenes, made from the particular string of type-scenes that is available for that particular slot. In order to shed light on the question where the hikayat’s author may have found the models and inspiration for its composition, the numerous intertextual echoes of Javanese and Malay literary genres and individual works audible in these war-episodes are also traced.

Abstrak :
Definisi klasik mengenai mitos adalah suatu cerita tentang asal-usul kosmos atau semesta yang kemudian mengiringi upacara dan ritual yang ada dalam budaya di seluruh dunia. Dalam perkembangan selanjutnya, mitos dipandang sebagai sebuah pemaknaan tingkat dua dari suatu sistem tanda. Sebagai suatu tipe wicara, mitos dapat pula ditemukan dalam karya-karya sastra. Dalam hubungannya dengan teks lain, mitos dapat dikukuhkan (myth of concern) atau dirombak (myth of freedom). Untuk menelaah bagaimana mengukuhkan atau merombak mitos dalam cerpen-cerpen Eka Kurniawan yang terangkum dalam Gelak Sedih, dibutuhkan suatu kerangka kerja intertekstualitas. Intertekstualitas adalah pelintasan suatu sistem tanda kepada sistem tanda lainnya. Dengan intertekstualitas, pembaca dapat menemukan makna sesungguhnya dari pembacaan cerpen-cerpen Eka Kurniawan, berkaitan dengan mitos yang telah dibicarakan. A classic definition of myths is a story about the beginning of cosmos or universe which later accompanying rituals contained in cultures and customs in the whole world. In the next stage, myths regarded as a secondness meaning of a sign system. As a type of speech, myths could be found in literary texts. In its relation with other texts, myths could be confirmed (myth of concern) or untied (myth of freedom). For the sake of regarding the way to confirm or untie myths in Eka Kurniawan?s short stories collected in Gelak Sedih, it needs an intertextuality work concept. Intertextuality is an intersect of a sign system to another. With intertextuality, reader can find the true meaning in Eka Kurniawan?s short stories, related to myths formerly discussed.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan ideologi media yang terhubung dengan konteks sosial di balik pemberitaan turunnya Presiden Suharto oleh Wall Street Journal selama kerusuhan Mei 1998 berlangsung sampai Suharto mengundurkan diri pada tanggal 21 Mei 1998 dan setelahnya sebagai bentuk analisis diskursus media dengan menggunakan analisa wacana milik Fairclough. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teori kritis dari analisa wacana yang mengidentifikasi intertekstualitas seperti overleksikalisasi, kutipan, dan klausa. Teori tersebut diaplikasikan pada pemberitaan media yang merepresentasikan Suharto untuk mengetahui keberpihakan politik Wall Street Journal dan konteks sosial di Amerika ketika peristiwa berlangsung. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan keberpihakan media dalam Suahrto dan keterkaitannya dengan krisis ekonomi 1998. Pembahasan tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa keberpihakan tersebut merepresentasikan tidak hanya Suharto sebagai pahlawan yang membawa Indonesia ke dalam era pembangunan yang besar, namun juga menunjukan respon positif terhadap Suharto ditengah-tengah krisis dan menggambarkan golongan muslim sebagai oposisi pemerintah yang mengendalikan protes.

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ABSTRACT
This research aims to find the media rsquo s ideology in relation to social context behind the coverage of Suharto rsquo s resignation on the Wall Street Journal during 1998 riot from May 13th until Suharto resignation speech on May 21st 1998 and the next day as an analysis of media discourse using Fairclough rsquo s critical discourse analysis framework. This research is conducted using critical theory from the discourse analysis which identifies intertextuality overlexicalisation, quotation, and clauses. The theory is applied onto media coverage which represents Suharto in order to study the political tendency of the Wall Street Journal and the social context in the United States at the time of the occurrence. The result of this research finds media bias towards Suharto and 1998 crisis in Indonesia. The discussion indicates that the bias is not only presenting Suharto as a hero who had brought Indonesia into a great development era, but also present positive understanding towards the occasion and portraying the Muslims as the opposition of the government who lead the protest.

Abstrak :
Penulisan sastra drama di Indonesia dari masa ke masa memperlihatkan perkembangan yang selaras dengan dinamika masyarakat sebagai sumber cerita yang tidak habis-habis. Setiap zaman memiliki sastra drama kanonnya sendiri-sendiri sekaligus merepresentasikan bentuk dan isi yang mencirikan semangat zaman. Demikian pula dengan sastra drama karya Akhudiat yang dibuat pada tahun 1970-an. Karya-karyanya sebagaimana juga karya penulis lain sezaman memperlihatkan semangat bereksperimen, baik dalam segi bentuk maupun isinya. Penelitian ini membahas lima karya Akhudiat yang dibuat antara tahun 1972 hingga 1977, dengan berfokus pada dua karya, yaitu "Jaka Tarub" dan "Re" yang dipandang menampilkan pencapaian kreativitas Akhudiat. Dua pendekatan digunakan untuk menelaah karya-karya tersebut, yaitu pendekatan struktural digunakan untuk mendapatkan komposisi setiap karya sebagai wujud dari realisasi gagasan Akhudiat, dan dari komposisi itu diperoleh teknik pengaransemenan yang berpola. Pola tersebut dalam tataran struktur, yaitu pola dramatik, pola bahasa, dan pola permainan. Selain komposisi secara struktural, karya-karya Akhudiat juga mengandung unsur tekstural, berupa musik dan gerak, yang membangun dramatik secara signifikan. Di samping masalah komposisi, pendekatan intertekstualitas terhadap karya-karya Akhudiat itu untuk menunjukkan jalinan antarteks yang membangun pemaknaan di pembaca. Pola hubungan transtekstualitas pada karya-karya tersebut memperlihatkan jenis hubungan antarteks berupa intertekstualitas, paratekstualitas, metatekstualitas, dan hipertekstualitas yang diwujudkan dalam berbagai tataran baik struktur maupun tekstur. ...... From time to time, the writing of drama in Indonesian literature has shown a development which is consistent with the dynamics of Indonesian community as its inexhaustible source of stories. Every era has its disciplinary canons of literary drama on their own as well as representing the form and content that characterizes the spirit of its age. Similarly, the literary dramas of Akhudiat's which were composed in the 1970s, as well as contemporary works by other authors in the respective era, show the spirit of experimentation, both in terms of form and content. This study discusses Akhudiat five works which were written between 1972 to 1977, with a focus on two of his works, namely "Jaka Tarub" and "Re," which are perceived as a notable achievement of Akhudiat's creativity. Two approaches are used to examine these works. Firstly, the structural approach is used to obtain the composition of each work as a manifestation of the realization of Akhudiat's ideas, from which the patterned arrangement techniques are identified. The patterns studied at the structural level are the dramatic patterns, pattern of languages, and the pattern of the game. In addition to structural composition, Akhudiat's works also contain textural elements, such as music and movement, which build up the dramatic scenes significantly. Secondly, in addition to the structural approach, intertexuality approach is used since Akhudiat's works demonstrate intertextual fabrics which further develop readers-process of meaning-making. Transtextuality relationship patterns in those works also reflect the types of intertextual relations in the forms of intertextuality, paratextuality, metatextuality, and hypertextuality which are embodied in various levels, especially structure and texture.

Abstrak :
Aji Saraswati (AS) merupakan teks yang berisi panduan ritual literasi dalam tradisi Siwaisme di Nusantara. Pada umumnya, mayoritas teks AS yang dikenal adalah yang berasal dari tradisi Siwaisme di Bali, sedangkan dalam tradisi Jawa belum dikenal secara luas. Dalam penelitian ini membahas teks AS yang berasal dari tradisi Jawa, khususnya koleksi skriptorium Merapi-Merbabu. Teks AS yang berasal dari skriptorium Merapi-Merbabu merupakan sekumpulan fragmen yang berasal dari hipogram teks Bhima Swarga (BhS), Gaṇapati-tattwa (GP), Uttarasabda (US), Dharma Pātañjala (DhP), Wṛhaspati-tattwa (Wrh), Tattwajñāna (TJ), dan Jñānasiddhânta (JS). Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah menerapkan studi intertekstualitas antara teks AS MM dengan hipogram disertai fungsi ritual literasi. Studi intertekstualitas tersebut selanjutnya dilakukan analisis fungsi berdasarkan sekuen-sekuen dalam teks hipogram yang bertransformasi dalam teks AS MM. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Langkah kerja filologi seperti inventarisasi, deskripsi, perbandingan teks, edisi teks, dan terjemahan dilakukan dalam penelitian ini untuk menghasilkan edisi teks yang dapat dipahami masyarakat luas. Teori intertekstualitas dari Rifattere (ekspansi dan konversi) dan Pradotokusumo (modifikasi dan ekserp) digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk menentukan gejala hipogram dalam teks AS MM dari teks hipogram. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah membuktikan secara tekstual bahwa terdapat delapan sekuen teks yang bertransformasi ke dalam teks AS MM. Delapan sekuen yang bertransformasi di antaranya: (1) Asosiasi Trikaya Paramārtha dengan aspek-aspek produksi manuskrip; (2) Posisi Dewi Saraswati; (3) Posisi aksara vokal atau swara; (4) Hakikat aspek dualitas; (5) Hakikat Oṁ Awighnamastu; (6) Mantra ritual literasi; (7) Asosiasi Dewata dengan api; dan (8) Unsur fisiologi. Seluruh sekuen transformasi teks BhS ke dalam teks AS MM merupakan transformasi dari teks prosa naratif dalam bentuk śāstric menjadi teks mantra yang bersifat mistik-magis. Teks mantra dalam AS MM berfungsi sebagai tuntunan dalam ritual literasi di lingkungan skriptorium Merapi-Merbabu. ......Aji Saraswati (AS) is a text that contains guidelines for literacy rituals in the Shivaist tradition in Indonesia. In general, the majority of known AS texts originate from the Shivaism tradition in Bali, while the Javanese tradition is not yet widely known. This research discusses AS texts originating from the Javanese tradition, especially the Merapi-Merbabu scriptorium collection. The AS text originating from the Merapi-Merbabu scriptorium is a collection of fragments originating from the hipograms of the texts Bhima Swarga (BhS), Gaṇapati-tattwa (GP), Uttarasabda (US), Dharma Pātañjala (DhP), Wṛhaspati-tattwa (Wrh), Tattwajñāna ( TJ), and Jñānasiddhânta (JS). The aim of this research is to apply intertextuality studies between AS MM texts and BhS as their hypograms. The intertextuality study was then carried out by functional analysis based on the sequences in the hypograms text which were transformed into AS MM text. This research uses a qualitative approach. Philological work steps such as inventory, description, text comparison, text edition, and translation are carried out in this study to produce text editions that can be understood by the wider community. Rifattere's theory of intertextuality (expansion and conversion) and Pradotokusumo (modification and excerpt) is used in this study to determine the hypogrammatic phenomena in AS MM text from hipogram text. The results of this study are that there are eight text sequences that are transformed into AS MM text. The eight transformed sequences include: (1) Trikaya Paramārtha's association with aspects of manuscript production; (2) Position of Goddess Saraswati; (3) Position of vowel or swara characters; (4) The essence of the aspect of duality; (5) The Reality of Oṁ Awighnamastu; (6) Literacy ritual spells; (7) God's association with fire; and (8) Physiological elements. The entire transformation sequence of hypograms text into AS MM text is a transformation from narrative prose text in śāstric form to mantra text. The text of the spell in AS MM is used in literacy rituals in the Merapi-Merbabu scriptorium environment.

Abstrak :
Skripsi ini membahas tentang fenomena intertekstualitas dalam pembentukan teks video game Final Fantasy XV melalui analisis pembacaan intertekstual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat intertekstualitas antara game Final Fantasy XV dengan beberapa game terkenal dan sukses di pasaran, seperti The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt dan Grand Theft Auto V, dengan beberapa landskap di dunia nyata yang sebagian besar berasal dari berbagai wilayah di luar Jepang, dan lain-lain sejalan dengan motif ekonomi Square Enix di zaman globalisasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat intertekstualitas antara konten Final Fantasy XV dengan konten The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt, Grand Theft Auto V, landskap di dunia nyata, hingga berbagai produk lainnya yang sebagian berasal dari luar Jepang. Dalam proses pengembangan Final Fantasy XV, terjadi penurunan tren pemain konsol di Jepang, sebab orang-orang Jepang cenderung memilik game yang mudah dibawa ke mana saja. Oleh karena itu, Square Enix mengubah fokus pasarnya ke luar Jepang, dan memasukkan konten-konten yang dekat dan sudah terkenal di kalangan pemain luar Jepang ke dalam Final Fantasy XV. Hal ini bertujuan untuk memunculkan familiaritas, sehingga para pemain tidak perlu bersusah payah memahami konten-konten baru dalam memainkan Final Fantasy XV. Selain itu, keseriusan Square Enix dalam memasarkan Final Fantasy XV ke luar Jepang juga dapat dilihat dari beberapa bentuk promosi khusus yang dilakukan Square Enix ke luar Jepang. ...... This study discusses the phenomenon of intertextuality in the making of Final Fantasy XV video game text through intertextual reading analysis. This study aims to look at the intertextuality between Final Fantasy XV game with some well known and successful games on the market, such as The Witcher 3 Wild Hunt and Grand Theft Auto V, with several landscapes in the real world mostly from different regions outside of Japan, and with others in line with Square Enix 39 s economic motives in the globalization era. The result shows that there is intertextuality between Final Fantasy XV content and The Witcher 3 Wild Hunt content, Grand Theft Auto V content, landscape in the real world, and various other products which are originated from outside Japan. In the process of developing Final Fantasy XV, there was a decline in the trend of console players in Japan, because the Japanese tend to have a game that is easy to carry anywhere. Square Enix, therefore, shifted its market focus to outside of Japan, and incorporated close and well known contents among players outside of Japan into Final Fantasy XV. It was aimed to bring familiarity, so players do not have to bother to understand the new content in playing Final Fantasy XV. In addition, Square Enix 39 s seriousness in marketing Final Fantasy XV out of Japan can also be seen from some form of special promotions that Square Enix made outside of Japan.

Abstrak :
Cerpen dengan judul “Berita dari Kebayoran” karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer mengalami transformasi menjadi siniar dengan judul yang sama. Transformasi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa fenomena alih wahana semakin berkembang ditandai dengan adanya peralihan ke berbagai medium baru. Dewasa ini semakin terasa bahwa suatu jenis kesenian memang membutuhkan jenis kesenian lain, baik sebagai referensi maupun berkaitan dengan proses intertekstual. Proses intertekstual itu sendiri penting dan erat kaitannya dengan alih wahana karena di era teknologi yang mampu menghasilkan sebuah komunikasi yang canggih ini, berbagai jenis teks dapat dikatakan sangat dinamis sehingga mampu membentuk ‘teks baru’. Penelitian ini membahas bentuk intertekstualitas antara cerpen dan siniar “Berita dari Kebayoran” dan eksistensi siniar dalam alih wahana sastra yang merepresentasikan siniar dalam dunia sastra. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan alih wahana. Hasil analisis mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat perubahan-perubahan variasi yang terjadi dalam proses alih wahana cerpen ke dalam bentuk siniar sebagai bentuk penyesuaian medium yang berbeda. Selain itu, representasi siniar dalam dunia sastra dapat menjadi alternatif pengembangan sastra Indonesia karena preferensi terhadap media digital semakin tinggi setiap harinya dan dinilai efektif untuk memberikan pemahaman akan konten dari suatu karya sastra. ......A short story with the title “Berita dari Kebayoran” by Pramoedya Ananta Toer was transformed into a podcast with the same title. This transformation shows that the phenomenon of vehicle transfer is growing, marked by the transition to various new mediums. Nowadays it is increasingly felt that one type of art does require another type of art, both as a reference and related to the intertextual process. The intertextual process itself is important and closely related to vehicle transfer because, in this era of technology that is capable of producing worldly-wise communication, various types of texts can be said to be very dynamic so that they can form ‘new texts’. This study discusses the form of intertextuality between short stories and the podcast “Berita dari Kebayoran” and the existence of podcasts in the transfer of literary vehicles that represent podcasts in the literary world. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a ride transfer approach. The results of the analysis reveal that there are changes in variations that occur in the process of transferring the short story vehicle into the form of narration as a form of adjustment to a different medium. In addition, podcast representation in the world of literature can be an alternative for the development of Indonesian literature because the preference for digital media is getting higher every day and is considered effective in providing an understanding of the content of a literary work.