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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Fukoidan merupakan senyawa polisakarida tersulfasi yang banyak terdapat pada makhluk hidup laut terutama pada rumput laut coklat. Pemanfaatan rumput laut coklat di Indonesia belum banyak dan masih terbatas pada pemanfaatan sebagai bahan pangan. Namun sebenarnya telah banyak penelitian yang mengungkapkan manfaat fukoidan seperti antivirus, antikanker, dan lain-lain. Aktivitas imunomodulator pada fukoidan juga merupakan hal yang menarik untuk diteliti lebih lanjut, karena fukoidan telah terbukti dapat menjadi imunomodulator pada mahluk laut seperti pada udang dan ikan. Oleh karena itu dilakukan uji aktivitas imunomodulator pada tikus agar nantinya fukoidan dapat menjadi suplemen yang dapat digunakan skala besar. Mula-mula rumput laut coklat Sargassum yang telah dipotong-potong, dimaserasi dengan etanol selama 72 jam dan setelah itu disaring untuk kemudian diekstraksi. Ekstraksi menggunakan air sambil dipanaskan pada suhu 85 oC. Didapatkan rendemen ekstrak fukoidan sebesar 1,7806 . Pada ekstrak tersebut kemudian dilakukan penentuan kadar karbohidrat dan sulfat. Diperoleh kadar fukosa sebesar 22,64 dan xilosa sebesar 1,5277 serta kadar sulfat sebesar 11,882 . Pengujian aktivitas imunomodulator dilihat dari gambaran darah dan aktivitas makrofag tikus Rattus norvegicus dengan berat badan 200-250g. Fukoidan diberikan sebagai pakan pada tikus dengan cara disonde dengan 3 variasi konsentrasi yaitu 1g/kgBB, 2g/kgBB, dan 4g/kgBB. Pengujian aktivitas makrofag dilakukan dengan metode pewarnaan Giemsa. Diperoleh hasil yag optimum sebagai imunomodulator adalah pada konsentrasi 2g/kgBB.

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ABSTRACT
Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide compound that is widely found in marine life creatures, especially in brown seaweed. Utilization of brown seaweed in Indonesia has not been much and still limited to the utilization as food. But actually there are many studies that reveal the benefits of fucoidan such as antivirus, anticancer, and others. Immunomodulatory activity in fukoidan is also interesting to be investigated further, because fucoidan has been proven to be an immunomodulator in sea creatures such as shrimp and fish. Therefore, immunomodulatory activity test in mouse is conducted so later fukoidan can be used as supplement in large scale. At first the brown seaweed Sargassum was macerated with ethanol for 72 hours and then filtered for extracting. Extraction uses water while heated at 85 oC. Obtained rendement of fukoidan extract equal to 1,7806 . Then carbohydrate and sulfate levels of the extract was determined. Fucose content obtained by 22.64 and xylose of 1.5277 and sulfate content of 11.882 . Immunomodulatory activity assay is seen from blood and macrophage activity of Rattus norvegicus rat with weight 200 250g. Fucoidan is given by oral with 3 variation of concentration 1g kgBW, 2g kgBW, and 4g kgBW. Testing of macrophage activity was done by Giemsa staining method. Obtained optimum results as immunomodulator is at a concentration of 2g kgBW.

Abstrak :
Sistem imun adalah suatu sistem yang kompleks terdiri dari sel, jaringan, organ, serta mediator yang terlibat untuk mempertahankan integritas tubuh kita terhadap serangan asing yang mengancam. Sistem imun tubuh yang tidak seimbang dan terganggu dapat dimodulasi dengan menggunakan imunomodulator. Dilakukan studi literatur mengenai obat-obatan golongan imunomodulator yang bekerja dengan cara imunorestorasi, imunostimulan, dan imunosupresan. komponen imunorestorasi adalah Immune Serum Globulin (ISG), Hyperimmune Serum Globulin (HSG), plasma, plasmapheresis, dan leukopheresis. Bahan-bahan yang dapat menjadi imunostimulator dapat bersumber dari bahan biologis dan bahan sintetik. Contoh golongan obat imunosupresan adalah kortikosteroid, antimetabolit, penghambat kalsineurin, dan agen biologis. ...... The immune system is a complex system of cells, tissues, organs, and mediators involved in maintaining the integrity of our body against foreign invaders. An unbalanced and compromised immune system can be modulated by using immunomodulators. A literature study was conducted on immunomodulatory drugs that work by immunorestoration, immunostimulants, and immunosuppressants. Immunorestoration components are Immune Serum Globulin (ISG), Hyperimmune Serum Globulin (HSG), plasma, plasmapheresis, and leukopheresis. Materials that can be immunostimulators can be sourced from biological materials and synthetic materials. Examples of immunosuppressant drugs are corticosteroids, antimetabolites, calcineurin inhibitors, and biological agents.

Abstrak :
Ethanol 70% and water extracts of alpinia spp. i.e. alpinia zerumbet, A. Katsumadai. A. malaccensis and A. officinarum were examined for their impact in in-vitro phagocytosis activity and capacity of mouse (mus musculus) peritoneum macrophage induced by staphylococcus epidermis. The extract concentrations used in this experiment were 0; 0.1; 1.0; 10; 100 ml, imboost (echinacea purpurea extract) 1000 ml was used as positive control while distilled water as negative control. The assay result showed that all of the extract were activity to promote phagocytosis activity and capacity of macrophage cells. The phagocytosis activity and capacity were increases by increasing extract concentration, and ethanol extract showed better activity than water extract. Alpina officinarum and A. Katsumadai extract reveal better phagocytosis activity and capacity than others. Activity and capacity of phagocytosis of each concentration was significantly (p<0,05) different each other as well as with negative control. There is significant difference among each extracts and positive control at 1000 ml

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Tuberkulosis penyakit infeksi yang mematikan terutama di negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Upaya pencegahan dengan vaksinasi BCG yang dapat meningkatkan respon imun masih belum maksimal. Faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan vaksin adalah status imun host, genetik dan kualitas/kuantitas vaksin. Indonesia sebagai negara kaya tanaman obat, misalnya pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) digunakan sebagai antimalaria serta meningkatkan imun tubuh. Penelitian ini menilai efek ekstrak akar pasak bumi sebagai imunomodulator terutama IFN-ɣ, TNF-α dan IL-10 pada mencit yang diberi vaksin BCG. Eksperimental in vivo dan in vitro darah mencit di kultur pada medium RPMI dengan stimulasi PHA dan BCG. Analisis tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna (p≥0,05) diantara kelompok perlakuan, analisa dari nilai median terlihat adanya efek ekstrak pasak bumi terhadap peningkatan TNF-α, dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap produksi IFN-γ dan IL-10 pada mencit yang divaksin BCG. Ekstrak akar pasak bumi mempengaruhi respon imun tubuh mencit yang diberi vaksin BCG, walau tidak besar maknanya.

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ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis is a deadly infectious disease that occurs mainly in developing countries, including Indonesia. Preventive efforts by BCG vaccination to improve the immune response is still not maximum. Factors that affect the success of vaccine are the host immune system, the host genetic and the quality/quantity of the vaccine. Indonesia is rich in medicinal plants, one of those is Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) that is widely used as antimalaria and to improve immunity. The research assessed the effects of extracts of Pasak Bumi roots as immunomodulator by measuring IFN-ɣ, TNF-α and IL-10 on mice that were given with BCG vaccine. In vivo and in vitro experiments of mice blood cultured in RPMI medium stimulated with PHA and BCG. The result has shown no significant difference (p≥0,05) among the treatment group, result of median values has shown the effect of Pasak Bumi extract to an increase of TNF-α, and has no effect on the production of IFN-γ and IL-10 in mice vaccinated BCG. Extract of pasak bumi roots affects the immune response of mice that have got BCG vaccine, although it has no significant meaning., Tuberculosis is a deadly infectious disease that occurs mainly in developing countries, including Indonesia. Preventive efforts by BCG vaccination to improve the immune response is still not maximum. Factors that affect the success of vaccine are the host immune system, the host genetic and the quality/quantity of the vaccine. Indonesia is rich in medicinal plants, one of those is Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) that is widely used as antimalaria and to improve immunity. The research assessed the effects of extracts of Pasak Bumi roots as immunomodulator by measuring IFN-ɣ, TNF-α and IL-10 on mice that were given with BCG vaccine. In vivo and in vitro experiments of mice blood cultured in RPMI medium stimulated with PHA and BCG. The result has shown no significant difference (p≥0,05) among the treatment group, result of median values has shown the effect of Pasak Bumi extract to an increase of TNF-α, and has no effect on the production of IFN-γ and IL-10 in mice vaccinated BCG. Extract of pasak bumi roots affects the immune response of mice that have got BCG vaccine, although it has no significant meaning.]

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Nyeri neuropatik merupakan nyeri saraf yang pengobatannya masih memiliki efek samping bila digunakan untuk jangka panjang. Regulasi dan modulasi sistem imun dibutuhkan untuk mengurangi reaksi inflamasi yang memicu timbulnya nyeri tersebut. Imunomodulator merupakan zat yang dapat membantu meregulasi atau memodulasi sistem imun tubuh sehingga tercapai keseimbangan imun. Tanaman  jahe (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), cengkih (Syzygium aromaticum L.), dan pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) telah diketahui mengandung senyawa fenolik yang berkhasiat sebagai anti-inflamasi dan imunomodulator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan adanya aktivitas imunomodulator jamu penurun ketegangan saraf yang terdiri dari gabungan ketiga bahan tersebut serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis pelarut dan suhu ekstraksi terhadap kandungan total fenolik dari salah satu bahan jamu yaitu cengkih. 25 ekor mencit Balb/c dibagi ke dalam lima kelompok: kelompok normal diberi pakan dan minum, kontrol (+) diberikan imboost 0,39 mL/20 g BB, kelompok dosis 1 diberikan jamu 0,1625 mL/20 g BB, kelompok dosis 2 diberikan jamu 0,325 mL/20 g BB, dan kelompok dosis 3 diberikan jamu 0,65 mL/20 g BB. Setelah diberi jamu secara oral selama 28 hari, mencit dikorbankan untuk diambil organ hati dan limpa serta serum protein dan albumin. Pemberian jamu penurun ketegangan saraf menunjukkan adanya peningkatan total serum protein namun pengaruh terhadap serum albumin dan bobot organ limfoid tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna dengan kelompok normal dan kontrol positif. Perlakuan dengan jamu dosis 1, dosis 2, dan dosis 3 tidak berpengaruh terhadap gambaran histopatologi limpa namun jamu dosis 2 dan dosis 3 menyebabkan kelainan jaringan hati berupa kongesti. Penentuan kandungan total fenol ekstrak cengkih dilakukan menggunakan metode Folin-Ciocalteu. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa suhu ekstraksi 80°C dengan pelarut etanol 50% menghasilkan kandungan total fenol tertinggi yaitu sebesar 30,13 mg GAE/g.

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ABSTRACT
Neuropathic pain is nerve pain whose treatment still has side effects when used for the long term. Regulation and modulation of the immune system is needed to reduce the inflammatory reaction that triggers the onset of the pain. Immunomodulators are substances that can help regulate or modulate the bodys immune system to achieve immune balance. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L.), and nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) have been known to contain phenolic compounds that are efficacious as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents. This study aims to prove the immunomodulatory activity of neuropathic pain reducing herbs consisting of a combination of the three ingredients and to determine the effect of the type of solvent and extraction temperature on the total phenolic content of one of the herbal ingredients, which is clove. 25 Balb/c mice were divided into five groups: normal group fed and drinking, positive control was given imboost 0,39 mL/20 g BB, group dose 1 was given herbs 0,1625 mL/20 g BB, group dose 2 was given herbs 0,325 mL/20 g BW, and group 3 dose was given herbs 0,65 mL/20 g BB. After being given herbs orally for 28 days, mice were sacrificed for liver and spleen also serum protein and albumin. The administration of neuropathic pain reducing herbs showed a significant increase in total protein but the effect on serum albumin and the weight of lymphoid organs did not show significant differences compare to normal group and positive control. Treatment with herbs dose 1, dose 2, and dose 3 did not affect the histopathology of the spleen but dose 2 and dose 3 cause liver tissue abnormalities in the form of congestion. Determination of the total phenol content of clove extract was carried out using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The results showed that the extraction temperature of 80°C with 50% ethanol solvent produced the highest total phenol content of 30,13 mg GAE/g.

Abstrak :
World Health Organization (WHO) menyebutkan penyakit Coronavirus (Covid-19) adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2. Daun sambung nyawa (Gynura procumbens L.) merupakan tanaman obat yang telah terbukti memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tinggi yang memiliki kemampuan untuk menghindari radikal bebas dan konstituen fenolik utamanya telah diidentifikasi yaitu asam p-hidroksinamat, asam p-hidroksibenzoat, dan kuersetin. Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh suhu, pelarut, dan waktu ekstraksi daun sambung nyawa terhadap kadar senyawa fenolik dan flavonoid, memperoleh besaran interaksi zat aktif esktrak daun sambung nyawa dengan protein yang mempengaruhi sistem imun, serta memperoleh dosis esktrak terbaik pada setiap konsumsinya. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah metode maserasi kinetik dengan memvariasikan pelarut, waktu, dan suhu. Penentuan kadar senyawa dilakukan menggunakan metode Folin-Ciocalteu untuk senyawa fenolik dan alumunium klorida untuk senyawa flavonoid. Kandungan fenolik dan flavonoid tertinggi diperoleh menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%  pada suhu 40oC selama 30 menit sebesar 0,855 mg GAE/mL dan 0.507 mG QE/mL. Selanjutnya, pada uji in silico memperlihatkan hasil interaksi inhibisi zat aktif daun sambung nyawa (Gallic Acid dan Etil-p-metoksisinamat (EPMS)) terhadap protein target (IL-1, TNF- , dan IL-6) yang mempengaruhi sistem imun. Berdasarkan penelitian molecular docking, didapatkan hasil berupa interaksi inhibisi zat aktif daun sambung nyawa dan obat standar (Imboost) terhadap protein menggunakan program Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) 2014.09. Bukti interaksi yang didapatkan akan berupa energi ikatan bebas dan kosntanta inhibisi yang kemudian akan digunakan pada pemodelan reaksi enzimatik inhibisi kompeittif. Pada pemodelan ini, didapatkan perkiraan efektivitas daun sambung nyawa pada setiap konsumsinya. ......World Health Organization (WHO) stated that Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Longevity spinach leaf (Gynura procumbens L.) is a medicinal plant that has been shown to have high antioxidant activity which has the ability to scavenge free radicals and its main phenolic constituents have been identified, namely p-hydroxynamic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and quercetin. This study examines the effect of temperature, solvent, and extraction time of longevity spinach leaves on the levels of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, obtaining the magnitude of the interaction of the active substances of longevity spinach leaf extract with proteins that affect the immune system, and obtaining the best dose of protein inhibition. The extraction method used is the kinetic maceration method by varying the solvent, time, and temperature. Determining the levels of compounds was carried out using the Folin-Ciocalteu method for phenolic compounds and chloride chloride for flavonoid compounds. The highest phenolic and flavonoid content was obtained using 96% ethanol solvent at a temperature of 40oC for 30 minutes for 0,855 mg GAE/mL and 0,507 mG QE/mL.  Furthermore, in the in silico test the results of the inhibition of life-sustaining active substances (Gallic Acids and Ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate) interacting with target proteins (IL-1, TNF- , dan IL-6) that affect the immune system. Based on molecular docking research, the results obtained the interaction of the active substances of longevity spinach leaf on protein using the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) 2014.09 program. The evidence of the interaction obtained is free energy bond and inhibition constants which will then be used in non-competitive inhibitory enzymatic reactions modeling. In this modeling, we estimate the effectiveness of herbal medicine for each consumption.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Bahan pangan darurat BPPT merupakan makanan padat gizi berbentuk biskuit yang dikemas secara tertutup untuk dikirimkan ke tempat-tempat bencana alam. Dalam bahan pangan tersebut terkandung polifenol yang telah terbukti secara invitro dapat meningkatkan respon imun. Untuk dapat mengaplikasikan dalam kehidupan masyarakat, bahan ini perlu melalui uji eksperimental hewan coba terlebih dahulu. Uji eksperimental yang dilakukan terhadap 30 ekor mencit yang dibuat lapar. Setelah dua minggu berada dalam kondisi kelaparan, enam ekor mencit diambil datanya, mencit lainnya kemudian dibagi ke dalam dua kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kelompok yang diberi produk pangan darurat BPPT dan kelompok yang diberi imunomodulator Phyllanthus niruri, suatu produk imunomodulator yang telah di pasarkan di Indonesia. Enam mencit dari masingmasing kelompok diperiksa setelah mendapat perlakuan selama dua dan empat minggu. Pada penelitian ini tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna (p>0,05) pada perbandingan perubahan jumlah leukosit, limfosit, netrofil segmen, dan jumlah IgG total antara mencit yang mendapat asupan pangan darurat BPPT dengan mencit yang mendapat asupan Phyllanthus niruri baik selama dua dan empat minggu. Oleh sebab itu, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa produk pangan darurat BPPT memiliki efek yang sama baiknya dengan Phyllanthus niruri dalam meningkatkan respon imun mencit kelaparan dengan indikator jumlah leukosit, perubahan hitung jenis, dan jumlah IgG total setelah pemakaian dua maupun empat minggu.

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ABSTRACT
BPPT emergency food is nutrient-rich cookies which are packaged in a closed session to be sent to places of natural disasters. This product contains polyphenol that has been shown to enhance immunity response in in-vitro experimentation. In order to be applicable in public life, this product needs to be experimented on animals. Experimental tests were conducted on thirty mice which were made to be hungry. After two weeks in a state of starvation, six mice were taken to be examined, while the rest were divided into two groups, one group was given BPPT emergency food and the other group was given Phyllanthus niruri, an immunomodulator which has been marketed in Indonesia. After two weeks, six mice from each group were taken for examination and the rest were examined two weeks after the first test. The result found no significant difference (p> 0.05) on changes number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils segments, and total IgG between mice that received BPPT emergency food and mice that received Phyllanthus niruri after being treated for two and four weeks. Therefore, researchers concluded that the BPPT emergency food products has similar effect with Phyllanthus niruri in enhancing starving mice immunity response, indicated by the number of leukocytes, differential count of leukocyte, and total amount of IgG.

Abstrak :
This research evaluated a method involving provision of a concoction of Boesenbergia pandurata, Solanum ferox dan Zingimber zerumbet extracts for pathogen prevention in tilapia. The concentration of each extract was 600 ppm of Boesenbergia pandurata/BP, 900 ppm of Solanum ferox/SF and 200 ppm of Zingimber zerumbet/ZZ. The examination was performed by issuing two combinations of extracts (SF:BP, SF:ZZ) against Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens (105 CFUmL-1). Preventive trials were carried out by providing a concoction of extracts through intraperitoneal injection (0.1 mL/fish) in tilapia (15±2 g) and the immersion method was performed by bathing the fish in the extracts for 20 minutes, with pathogen challenging during the following 24 h being carried out. The composition of the used extract was by SF60:ZZ40; SF50:ZZ50; BP90:SF10; BP50:SF50; and fish without being given the extract. Haematology and immunology parameters were observed at the 4th week after challanges with pathogenic bacteria. The number of white blood cells (WBCs) increased significantly (P <0.05) compared to controls without extract, with a similar increase observed for red blood cell (RBCs), but heamatocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) values did not significantly increase compared to control. Phagocytic index, respiratory burst and lysozyme activities also experienced a significant increase in fish fed with combined extracts compared to controls. The numbers of pathogenic bacteria in the body of the fish given extract were also lower than the control and significantly different at the 4th week. The results of this study indicate that giving combined extracts of SF50:ZZ50 and BP90:SF10 provides the best protection (RPS) against infection of A. hydrophila and P. fluorescent by injection of 100%. This study indicates that providing combined extracts by injection and immersion in the ratio of SF50:ZZ50 has a positive effect in increasing the non-specific immune system of tilapia and increasing protection against bacterial infections.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Radiosensitizer akan membantu radioterapi untuk memberikan inaktivasi tumor yang lebih besar. Saat ini mencari komponen radiosensitizer alami, yang diharapkan dapat memberikan efek samping yang lebih ringan daripada radiosensitizer kimia. Eucheuma cottonii yang memiliki kandungan antioksidan, memiliki efek anti tumor. Tujuan: Ulasan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah Eucheuma cottonii dapat digunakan sebagai radiosensitizer. Metode: Kami melakukan studi literatur dan menemukan 13 studi, dalam database PubMed, SCOPUS, EBSCO dan Cochrane. Studi yang dimasukkan adalah studi eksperimental yang meneliti efek Eucheuma cottonii pada sel kanker. Hasil: Uji sitotoksisitas menggunakan uji MTT dengan nilai IC50 20 μg/ml hingga 4 mg/ml, berbeda pada berbagai jenis cell line kanker. Pemeriksaan histopatologis menunjukkan karakteristik sel apoptosis. Eucheuma cottonii mempengaruhi ekspresi p53, CHK1, BIRC5, Bag1, MDM2, NFkB dan respon imun (CD4, CD8). Pemberian Eucheuma cottonii juga mengurangi pertumbuhan tumor. Kesimpulan: Telaah sistematis ini menunjukkan bahwa Eucheuma cottonii mampu menekan proliferasi, mengakibatkan kematian sel kanker. Belum diketahui apakah efek Eucheuma cottonii dan radiasi akan sinergis sehingga menyebabkan kematian sel. Tetapi jika dilihat dari pengaruh Eucheuma cottonii dengan meregulasi kontrol siklus sel yaitu terhentinya siklus sel di G2/M dan reaktivasi p53, maka ada kemungkinan Eucheuma cottonii memiliki peranan sebagai radiosensitizer. Fakta berlawanan, ekstrak Eucheuma cottonii juga mempengaruhi jalur untuk sel bertahan hidup seperti terlihatnya peningkatan NF-κB. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengeksplorasi efek sinergis dari kombinasi terapi radiasi dan Eucheuma cottonii. ......Background: Radiosensitizer will help radiotherapy to provide greater tumor inactivation. Currently searching for natural radiosensitizer components, which are expected to provide lighter side effects than chemical radiosensitizers. Eucheuma cottonii which has antioxidant content, has anti-tumor effect. Purpose: This review aims to find out whether Eucheuma cottonii can be used as a radiosensitizer. Method: We performed literatur studies and found 13 studies, in PubMed, SCOPUS, EBSCO and Cochrane databases for research the effects of Eucheuma cottonii on cancer cells. Result: Cytotoxicity test using MTT assay resulted in IC50 20 µg/ml to 4 mg/ml, differing on different types of cell lines. Histopathological examination shows the characteristics of apoptotic cells. Eucheuma cottonii involve p53, CHK1, BIRC5, Bag1, MDM2, NFkB and immun respon (CD4,CD8). Eucheuma cottonii extract also decrease tumor growth. Conclusion: This literatur review suggest that Eucheuma cottonii is able to suppress proliferation, resulting in cancer cells death. It is not yet known whether the effects of Eucheuma cottonii and radiation will be synergistic resulting cell death. But seen from the influence of Eucheuma cottonii on interfering the cell cycle control might result arrest cell cycle G2/M and reactivation of p53, it might be able as a radiosensitizer. However, it appears that there is a survival pathway such as increasing NF-κB. Further research is needed to explore the synergistic effect of a combination of radiation therapy and Eucheuma cottonii.

Abstrak :
Madu dikenal dengan aktivitas biologisnya yang beragam, salah satunya adalah sebagai imunomodulator, yakni agen yang dapat mempengaruhi respon sistem imun. Di Indonesia, salah satu jenis madu yang sudah mulai banyak diproduksi adalah madu dari nektar Acacia crassicarpa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan uji proliferasi sel limfosit dengan uji MTS untuk mengetahui efek penambahan madu dalam berbagai variasi konsentrasi terhadap respon sel imun, identifikasi senyawa polifenol menggunakan Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectometry (LCMS/MS), serta pengukuran kadar senyawa fenolik total dimana senyawa polifenol yang terkandung dalam madu turut diduga memiliki efek imunomodulasi bagi tubuh. Selain itu dilakukan uji fisikokimia berdasarkan standar SNI 8664:2018. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa madu Acacia crassicarpa dapat meningkatkan viabilitas sel limfosit yang terinduksi LPS hingga mencapai 90% pada variasi konsentrasi madu Acacia crassicarpa terbesar yakni 160 μg/ml. Hal ini didukung dengan temuan senyawa-senyawa fenolik dan metabolit dalam madu yang lebih banyak dibandingkan madu randu sehingga diduga dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas imunomodulasi tersebut. Madu Acacia crassicarpa asal Tanjung Jabung Barat, Jambi menunjukkan kandungan fenolik total tertinggi sebesar 494,03 ppm, yang berpotensi memiliki aktivitas biologis lebih tinggi dibandingkan madu serupa asal daerah lain. Hasil pengujian fisikokimia menunjukkan bahwa madu Acacia crassicarpa memiliki kualitas yang baik dan aman dikonsumsi, namun dengan catatan pada beberapa parameter dimana hasil uji melebihi standar yang ditetapkan yakni kadar air, kadar gula pereduksi, kadar sukrosa, dan keasaman. ......Honey is well-known for its various biological activities, one of which as an immunomodulator, which are substances that can affect the response of the immune system. In Indonesia, one type of honey that is widely cultivated recently is the Acacia crassicarpa honey. This research was conducted by testing lymphocyte cell proliferation with MTS assay to determine the effect of various concentrations on immune cell response, identification of polyphenolic compounds using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectometry (LCMS/MS), as well as measurement of total phenolic content in which polyphenolic compounds in honey are suggested to have immunomodulation effect on human body. In addition, physicochemical tests were conducted based on the SNI 8664:2018 standard. The test results showed that Acacia crassicarpa honey able to increase the cell viability of LPS-induced lymphocytes up to 90% which is shown by honey concentration of 160 μg/ml. This result is supported by the findings of more phenolic and metabolic compounds compared to randu honey, therefore suggests these compounds may affect the immunomodulating activity. Acacia crassicarpa honey from West Tanjung Jabung, Jambi showed the highest total phenolic content of 494.03 ppm, and may have higher biological activity potential compared to similar honey from other regions. The results of physicochemical test showed that Acacia crassicarpa honey has good quality and safe for consumption, but with a note on several parameters where the test results exceeded the established standards; with those parameters being water content, reducing sugar content, sucrose content, and acidity.