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Abstrak :
Pemberian obat secara konvensional dapat menurunkan efektivitas pengobatan karena tidak dapat mempertahankan dosis obat dalam waktu yang lama. Untuk mengatasinya disintesis hidrogel responsif temperatur poli(3-((2-(metakriloiloksi)etil)dimetilammonio)propana-1-sulfonat-ko-N-isopropilakrilamida)) P(SPE-ko-NIPAM) melalui polimerisasi radikal bebas sebagai material penghantar obat. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan optimasi penjebakan metformin HCl ke dalam P(SPE-ko-NIPAM) dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi obat dan temperatur penjebakan. P(SPE-ko-NIPAM) merupakan hidrogel dengan responsivitas ganda upper critical solution temperature (UCST) dan lower critical solution temperature (LCST). Dominasi komposisi monomer mempengaruhi responsivitasnya terhadap perubahan temperatur dan kandungan gel. Semakin tinggi komposisi monomer SPE menghasilkan suhu transisi fasa (Tc), kandungan gel, dan nilai retensi air yang semakin besar. P(SPE20-ko-NIPAM80) menjebak metformin HCl dengan persentase tertinggi sebesar 1,12% pada temperatur 25°C dengan konsentrasi 1000 ppm metformin HCl, sementara P(SPE80-ko-NIPAM20) menjebak metformin HCl dengan persentase tertinggi sebanyak 0,69% pada temperatur 40°C dalam konsentrasi metformin HCl yang sama. Metformin HCl berhasil dilepaskan dari P(SPE20-ko-NIPAM80) sejumlah 71% pada pH 2 selama 2 jam dan 73% pada pH 7,4 selama 24 jam sementara 59% metformin HCl pada pH 2 selama 2 jam dan 63% pada pH 7,4 selama 24 jam berhasil terlepas dari P(SPE80-ko-NIPAM20). ......Conventional drug delivery can reduce the effectiveness of treatment because it cannot maintain the drug dose for a long time. To overcome this, temperature-responsive hydrogel poly(3-((2-(methacryloxy)ethyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate-co-N-isopropylacrylamide)) P(SPE-ko-NIPAM) was synthesized through free radical polymerization as drug delivery material. This study optimized the entrapment of metformin HCl into P(SPE-ko-NIPAM) by varying the drug concentration and entrapment temperature. P(SPE-ko-NIPAM) is a hydrogel with dual responsiveness of upper critical solution temperature (UCST) and lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The dominance of monomer composition affects its responsiveness to changes in temperature and gel content. The higher the SPE monomer composition results in greater phase transition temperature (Tc), gel content, and water retention values. P(SPE20-ko-NIPAM80) trapped metformin HCl with the highest percentage of 1.12% at 25°C with a concentration of 1000 ppm metformin HCl, while P(SPE80-ko-NIPAM20) trapped metformin HCl with the highest percentage of 0.69% at 40°C in the same concentration of metformin HCl. Metformin HCl was successfully released from P(SPE20-ko-NIPAM80) by 71% at pH 2 for 2 hours and 73% at pH 7.4 for 24 hours while 59% of metformin HCl at pH 2 for 2 hours and 63% at pH 7.4 for 24 hours were successfully released from P(SPE80-ko-NIPAM20).

Abstrak :
This book explores the fabrication of soft material and biomimetic MEMS sensors, presents a review of MEMS/NEMS energy harvesters and self-powered sensors, and focuses on the recent efforts in developing flexible and wearable piezoelectric nanogenerators. It also includes a critical analysis of various energy harvesting principles, such as electromagnetic, piezoelectric, electrostatic, triboelectric, and magnetostrictive. Included are chapters that: - Describe self/low-powered MEMS devices that are developed through biomimetic and bio-inspired approaches; - Review the recent progress in kinetic MEMS/NEMS-enabled energy harvesters as self-powered sensors; - Comprehensively review the ongoing research done in the field of nanofiber-based flexible and wearable energy harvesters; - Explore the current trends in the field of soft materials research and future challenges.