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Abstrak :
Carole Campbell examines the position of women in the AIDS epidemic (women living with HIV, and the growing number of women caring for HIV-infected family members) in a sociocultural context. The early male profile of the AIDS epidemic has given rise to education and prevention programs based upon the needs of males. Campbell draws a clear connection between women's risk of AIDS, gender roles (particularly adolescent gender role socialization), and male sexual behavior, demonstrating that no efforts to contain the spread of the disease to females can succeed without also targeting the male behavior that puts women at risk. This study concludes that compared with men, HIV-infected women face unequal access to care and unequal quality of care. Campbell makes a compelling case that social institutions such as health care and the media have created barriers for women by failing to take into account the differences between men and women in terms of social roles, status, and power. Informed by the moving personal accounts of eleven HIV-infected men and women, this book offers a rare, broad picture of the sociocultural causes and the impact on American society of AIDS among women.

Abstrak :
Infeksi Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV yang menyebabkan AIDS sampai saat ini masih menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia. Pengobatan infeksi HIV kemudian menjadi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup dari penderita. Pengobatan infeksi HIV pada anak-anak khususnya sering menemui hambatan dalam hal kepatuhan, baik dari anak itu sendiri maupun dari pengasuh. Dalam penelitian ini dianalisis mengenai hubungan latar belakang pengasuh terhadap kepatuhan minum obat anak terinfeksi HIV di RSCM. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebesar 94. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner kepatuhan minum obat yang diambil dari Development of Multi-Method Tool to Measure ART Adherence in Resource-Constrained Settings: The South Africa Experience yang diterbitkan oleh Center for Pharmaceutical Management, Management Sciences for Health pada tahun 2007 yang dikembangkan di Afrika Selatan. Hasil yang ditemukan adalah tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan, tingkat pendapatan, status pengasuh, dan keterlibatan pada Kelompok Dukungan Sebaya KDS dengan kepatuhan minum obat p >0,05.

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV infection causes AIDS, and is still one of the most frequent cause of death in the world. HIV medication then becomes highly important to improve the patients'quality of life, and to expand their life expectancies. HIV medication in children, however, is especially problematic in terms of adherence, whether the problems are from the children themselves or from the caregivers. This research was meant to analyze the correlation between caregiver's background and HIV infected children's adherence in RSCM, a hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. This research used cross sectional method with 94 caregivers as the sample. The data was collected using an adherence questionnaire that was adapted from Development of Multi Method Tool to Measure ART Adherence in Resource Constrained Settings The South Africa Experience which was published by Center for Pharmaceutical Management, Management Sciences for Health in 2007. This questionnaire was developed in Southern Africa. After collection, the data was analyzed statistically using chi square or Kolmogorov Smirnov if using chi square was not possible. The results reveal that there is no correlation between caregiver's background educational background, income per month, caregiver's relation with the child, and caregiver's involvement in an HIV related support groups and HIV infected children's adherence to antiretroviral therapy p 0,05.

Abstrak :
Pembukaan status merupakan faktor penting yang diketahui mempengaruhi kepatuhan minum obat antiretroviral dan telah banyak diteliti di negara-negara dengan beban infeksi HIV tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan pembukaan status dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien anak terinfeksi HIV di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan sampel sebanyak 94 pengasuh dari 101 pasien anak terinfeksi HIV. Pengumpulan data pembukaan status dilakukan melalui kuesioner yang dibuat oleh peneliti, sedangkan data kepatuhan minum obat diambil menggunakan kuesioner yang diadaptasi dari instrumen multimetode yang dikembangkan oleh Gavin Steel, dkk. Penelitian ini menunjukkan sebagian besar pengasuh berjenis kelamin perempuan 89,4 , memiliki pendidikan terakhir SMP-SMA 64,9 , memiliki pendapatan di bawah upah minimum provinsi UMP Jakarta 75,5 , tergabung ke dalam kelompok dukungan sebaya 55,3 , dan bukan orangtua kandung dari pasien anak terinfeksi HIV 51,1 . Sebagian besar pasien anak terinfeksi HIV berusia 7 hingga di bawah 12 tahun 69,3 , berjenis kelamin perempuan 50,5 , menjalani terapi ARV lini 1 66,3 , belum mengalami pembukaan status HIV 71,3 , dan memiliki kepatuhan minum obat sedang 50,5 . Dari uji Chi-square diperoleh bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan proporsi kepatuhan minum obat antara pasien anak terinfeksi HIV yang telah mengalami pembukaan status dengan yang belum mengalami pembukaan status p 0,367.

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Disclosure is an important factor known affecting adherence to antiretroviral therapy that has been extensively studied in high burden countries. This research aims to determine relationship between disclosure and adherence among HIV infeceted children in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia. This research is a cross sectional study with samples of 94 caregivers from 101 HIV infected children. Disclosure data was collected using questionnaire reproduced by researcher, while adherence data was collected using questionnaire adapted from a multi method instrument developed by Gavin Steel, et.al. in West Africa. Demographic data shows that most caregivers are women 89.4 , have middle school education 64.9 , have income less than minimum regional wage of Jakarta 75.5 , join peer group 55.3 , and are not the biological parents of infected children 51.1 . Most children are girls 50.5 , currently in 1st line antiretroviral therapy 66.3 , have not been disclosed 71.3 , dan have moderate level of adherence 50.5 . Statistical analysis using Chi Square shows no relationship between disclosure and adherence among HIV infected children in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital p 0.367.