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Abstrak :
Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees.) secara empiris telah digunakan sebagai obat alternatif untuk berbagai penyakit termasuk diabetes mellitus. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis efek hipoglikemik kapsul sambiloto sebagai terapi tambahan pada penyandang diabetes melitus tipe 2. Double-blind randomized controlled trial cross-over desain pada 34 subyek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok pertama sambiloto mendapat 2 kali 2 kapsul sehari selama 14 hari, dan kelompok kedua mendapat plasebo selama 14 hari. Kedua kelompok tetap menggunakan metformin sebagai terapi standar kemudian dievaluasi kadar glukosa darah pasca terapi 14 hari. Pada pemberian kapsul sambiloto selama 14 hari tampak penurunan kadar glukosa darah puasa lebih besar dibandingkan plasebo, tetapi tidak bermakna. Kapsul sambiloto bermakna menurunkan kadar glukosa darah 2 jam setelah makan. Kesimpulan: Kapsul sambiloto dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah namun bermakna secara statistik hanya 2 jam setelah makan. ......Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees.) is empirically used as an alternative medicine for various diseases including diabetes mellitus, but the scientific evident for treatment in humans is still limited. This study analyze the effects of hypoglycemic sambiloto capsules as additional therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Double-blind randomized controlled trial, cross-over design in 34 subjects who were divided into two groups. The first groups sambiloto received 2 capsules 2 times daily for 14 days, and the second groups received placebo for 14 days. Both groups kept taking metformin as standard therapy with an the evaluation of blood glucose levels on day 14. The results showed that administration of sambiloto capsules for 14 days, the blood glucose levels is greater compared to placebo but not significantly. Sambiloto capsules significantly reduced blood glucose 2 hours after eating. Conclusions: sambiloto capsules shown to reduced blood glucose levels, but statistically significant only in 2 hours after eating.

Abstrak :
Peningkatan kadar gula darah (hiperglikemia) pada penyakit diabetes melitus dapat dibantu dikurangi dengan mengonsumsi jamu serbaguna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh kondisi operasi ekstraksi yang optimal serta pengujian in silico dari ekstrak jamu serbaguna yang berbahan dasar rimpang temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza L.), daun belimbing manis (Averrhoa carambola L.), dan daun tanjung (Mimusops elengi L.). Penelitian diawali dengan proses ekstraksi refluks simplisia jamu serbaguna dengan variasi rasio pelarut air dan etanol yang dikeringkan dengan dua metode yang berbeda yaitu oven (60oC) dan beku (-50oC). Hasil ekstraksi diuji kandungan fitokimia (xantorizol, asam fenilasetat dan asam oleat) dengan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, dilakukan simulasi interaksi fitokimia jamu serbaguna terhadap protein penyebab hiperglikemik (11-beta-hidroksisteroid dehidrogenase-1; interleukin-1-beta; dan protein tirosin fosfat), serta dilakukan pemodelan reaksi enzimatik untuk meninjau kemampuan inhibisi antara komponen fitokimia jamu serbaguna dengan protein penyebab hiperglikemia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi fitokimia tertinggi dihasilkan pada suhu 70oC dengan pelarut etanol 75% selama 45 menit. Hasil penelitian menggunakan program Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) 2014.09 menunjukkan adanya interaksi inhibisi dari kandungan fitokimia jamu serbaguna terhadap protein penyebab hiperglikemik. Pemodelan reaksi enzimatik inhibisi non-kompetitif berbasis kedua hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan perkiraan besar kemampuan inhibisi setiap fitokimia dan obat standar (Metformin) terhadap protein penyebab hiperglikemik. ......Increased blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) in diabetes mellitus can be helped to decrease by consuming multipurpose herbs. This research aimed to obtain the optimum operating conditions for extraction and in silico testing of a multifunction herbs extract made from temulawak rhizome (Curcuma xanthorriza L.), sweet star fruit (Averrhoa carambola .) leaves, and tanjung (Mimusops elengi L.) leaves. The research began with the reflux extraction process of multifunction herbs simplicia in various solvent ratios of water and ethanol which was dried using two different methods, namely oven (60oC) and freeze dry (-50oC). The extracted bioactive substances (xanthorrhizol, phenylacetic acid, and oleic acid) were examined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, proceeded with simulation of the interaction of multifunction herbs bioactive substance to hyperglycemic-causing proteins (11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1; interleukin-1-beta; and protein tyrosine phosphate), and followed by non-competitive inhibition enzymatic reactions modelling to review the inhibitory activity between multifunction herbs bioactive substances and hyperglycemic-causing proteins. The results showed that the highest concentration of bioactive substances was produced at a temperature of 70oC in 75% ethanol solvent for 45 minutes. Analysis using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) 2014.09 showed inhibition interactions of multifunction herbs bioactive substances on hyperglycemic-causing proteins. The non-competitive inhibitory enzymatic reactions modelling showed a large estimate of the inhibitory activities from each active substance and standard drug (Metformin) against hyperglycemic-causing proteins.