Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Program latihan untuk penatalaksanaan Diabetes Melitus DM tipe 2 harus dipastikan aspek keamanannya, selain juga efektif dan bermanfaat. Melalui penelitian dua tahap dilakukan perancangan latihan fisik yang dievaluasi dengan randomized controlled trial RCT .Program latihan 12 minggu mengombinasikan high intensity interval training HIIT dan latihan beban tiga dan dua kali per minggu dengan peningkatan intensitas bertahap. HIIT terdiri atas perbandingan 1 : 4 menit high intensity exercise HIE dan low intensity exercise LIE . Latihan beban terdiri atas sembilan latihan untuk batang tubuh, ekstremitas atas, dan bawah. RCT diikuti 42 penyandang DM tipe 2 berusia 35 ndash;64 tahun, yang dialokasikan menjadi kelompok eksperimen dengan latihan sesuai rancangan dan kelompok kontrol dengan continuous cardiorespiratory training. Pemeriksaan tingkat kebugaran VO2max , kontrol glikemik HbA1c , dan stres oksidatif MDA dan SOD dilakukan di awal dan akhir program.Pasca latihan didapatkan nilai rerata VO2max kelompok eksperimen 38,13 5,93 mL/kg.min lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol 32,09 5,24 mL/kg.min , p = 0,004, serta stres oksidatif menurun MDA eksperimen ? -0,14 0,39 nmol/mL dibandingkan kontrol ? 0,18 0,26 nmol/mL , p = 0,011; SOD eksperimen median ? 0,47 U/mL IQR 0,08-0,74 U/mL dibandingkan kontrol ? 0,14 0,35 U/mL , p = 0,036 . HbA1c kelompok eksperimen menunjukkan penurunan ? -0.43 1.01 , namun tidak bermakna. Skor komposit efek latihan lebih tinggi pada kelompok eksperimen 8,72 1,27 dibandingkan kontrol 7,20 1,08 , p = 0,001.Dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa program latihan pada penelitian ini memberi manfaat dan dapat diimplementasikan dengan aman. Kata kunci: HIIT dan latihan beban; program latihan berbasis pasien; stres oksidatif; T2DM

---

ABSTRACT
Exercise programs for patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus T2DM must be demonstrably safe, effective, and beneficial. Objectives. In this two-step study, a training program was designed and implemented in a randomized controlled trial RCT to meet the above criteria.The 12-week exercise program combined high intensity interval training HIIT three times per week and resistance training twice weekly , with gradually increased intensity. The HIIT element comprised 1 minute of high intensity exercise HIE and 4 minutes of low intensity exercise LIE . The resistance training element comprised nine exercises for core, upper, and lower extremities. The 42 T2DM patients who participated in the RCT were aged 35 ndash;64 years. Participants were randomly allocated to the experimental EXP group for the new training program and to the control KTR group for continuous cardiorespiratory training. Fitness level VO2max , glycemic control HbA1c , and oxidative stress MDA and SOD were measured before and after the exercise program.VO2max was higher in EXP 38.13 5.93 mL/kg.min than in KTR 32.09 5.24 mL/kg.min; p = 0.004 . Overall oxidative stress decreased in EXP MDA EXP ? -0.14 0.39 nmol/mL as compared to KTR ? 0.18 0.26 nmol/mL; p = 0.011 and SOD EXP median ? 0.47 U/mL IQR 0.08-0.74 U/mL as compared to KTR ? 0.14 0.35 U/mL; p = 0.036 . EXP HbA1c also decreased, although not significantly ? -0.43 1.01 . EXP composite effects score was significantly higher 8.72 1.27 than for KTR 7.20 1.08; p = 0.001 .The exercise program for T2DM patients was shown to be safe, with significant benefits.Keywords: glycemic control; HIIT and resistance training; oxidative stress; patient-based training program; physical fitness; T2DM

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Hipertrofi jantung dapat timbul akibat stres patologis misal hipoksia yang merupakan respon jantung sebagai mekanisme homeostatis yang diperlukan untuk menormalkan stres dinding ventrikel kiri dan mempertahankan curah jantung. Hipoksia sistemik kronik merupakan stres lingkungan yang berat. Respon spesifik jantung terhadap stres jantung terlihat pada peningkatan kadar peptida di dalam plasma, yang membantu jantung dalam menghadapi beban yang meningkat. Menurut sejumlah peneliti, kadar Apelin berhubungan erat dengan disfungsi ventrikel. Apelin merupakan preproprotein dengan 77 asam amino yang disekresikan dari keluarga adipokine, berperan dalam mempertahankan performa jantung pada beban tekanan kronik. Pada tingkat molekular, respons adaptasi diperantarai oleh perubahan ekspresi gen. Tujuan penelitian: Menganalisis pola ekspresi gen Apelin dan gen BNP pada hipertrofi ventrikel akibat induksi hipoksia sistemik kronik dengan mengukur konsentrasi Apelin-13 dan konsentrasi BNP-45. Penelitian bersifat eksperimental menggunakan 28 ekor tikus Sprague-Dawley jantan, umur 8-12 minggu yang dibagi dalam 7 kelompok n=4 ekor/kelompok , terdiri dari kelompok kontrol normoksia, O2 atmosfir dan kelompok perlakuan hipoksia dalam sungkuphipoksia, 8 O2, masing-masing selama 6 jam, 1, 3, 5, 7 dan 14 hari . Parameter stres oksidatif akibat hipoksia jantung, dilakukan dengan pengukuran kadar malondialdehid MDA dan histopatologi dengan pewarnaan HE. Selain itu juga dilakukan pengukuran protein Apelin-13 dan BNP-45 menggunakan metoda ELISA dan pengukuran ekspresi relatif mRNA Apelin dan BNP-45 jantung, menggunakan real time RT-PCR kuantitatif dengan rumus Livak. Hasil penelitian: ekspresi relatif Apelin-13 di jantung menurun pada awal hipoksia dan kemudian meningkat mulai hari ke-3 sampai hari ke-14. Peningkatan kadar MDA yang signifikan terjadi sejak hipoksia 7 hari. Korelasi MDA terhadap peningkatan ekspresi relatif Apelin adalah kuat r=0.750 dan signifikan p=0.000 . Korelasi BNP-45 terhadap Apelin-13 adalah sangat kuat r=0.943 dan signifikan p=0.000 . Dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya peningkatan MDA, peningkatan ekspresi relatif dan protein Apelin-13 dan peningkatan ekspresi relatif dan protein BNP-45 pada jaringan jantung mempunyai korelasi yang signifikan dan kuat, sesuai dengan peningkatan lamanya perlakuan hipoksia.

---

ABSTRACT
Background: Cardiac hypertrophy can result from pathological stress eg hypoxia as a response to ventricular wall stress and to maintain cardiac output. Chronic systemic hypoxia is a severe environmental stress. During cardiac stress certain peptides are release by the heart into the plasma, which help the heart to compensate the increased myocardial load. According to several authors, apelin levels are increased during cardiac dysfunction. Apelin is a preproprotein with 77 amino acids from adipokine, which contributes to maintaining cardiac performance at chronic stress loads. At the molecular level, the adaptation response is mediated by changes in gene expression. Objective: To analyze the expression pattern of Apelin-13 and BNP-45 on ventricular hypertrophy due to induction of chronic systemic hypoxia by measuring Apelin-13 and BNP-45 concentrations. The experimental study used 28 male Sprague-Dawley rats, 8-12 weeks old divided into 7 groups 4 per group , consisting of control group normoxia, atmospheric O2 and 4 hypoxia treatment groups, which underwent systemic hypoxia in hypoxic chamber containing 8 oxygen, respectively for 6 hours, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days . The presence of oxidative stress due to cardiac hypoxia was determined by malondialdehyde MDA and cardiac structural alteration was examined by HE staining. Apelin-13 and BNP-45 proteins were determined using the ELISA method and the relative expression of cardiac Apelin and BNP-45 mRNA were determined using quantitative RT-PCR real time with Livak formula. Results: Relative expression of Apelin-13 in the heart decreased early in hypoxia and then increased from day 3 to day 14. Significant increases in MDA levels occurred after 7 days hypoxia. There was a strong and significant correlation between MDA levels and Apelin relative expression r = 0.750, p = 0.001 . Similar results were obtained for of BNP-45 and Apelin-13 r = 0.943, p = 0.001 . From the results, it can be concluded that during chronic systemic hypoxia there was an increase in oxidative stress, relative expression and Apelin-13 proteins and relative expression and BNP-45 protein of the rat cardiac tissue.