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Abstrak :
Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis hidrogel poli(N-isopropilakrilamida)/poli((2- (dimetilamino)etil metakrilat) (PNIPAM/PDMAEMA) dalam bentuk interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) yang mempunyai sifat responsif terhadap temperatur dan pH dengan menggunakan inisiator amonium persulfat (APS), dan agen pengikat silang N,N’- metilenbisakrilamida (MBA). Sintesis dilakukan dengan pendekatan sequential-IPN dan dilakukan variasi konsentrasi PDMAEMA untuk melihat sifat swelling-deswelling dari hidrogel terhadap pengaruh perubahan temperatur dan pH. Hasil karakterisasi FTIR menunjukan hidrogel IPN berhasil disintesis yang ditandai dengan hilangnya puncak C=C vinil dan Csp2-H yang sebelumnya terdapat pada monomer. Penambahan konsentrasi PDMAEMA dalam hidrogel dapat meningkatkan nilai gel content dan menurunkan persen gelasi hidrogel IPN. Berdasarkan pengujian rasio swelling pada berbagai temperatur, hidrogel IPN-PNIPAM1/PDMAEMA0,5 memiliki nilai rasio swelling paling tinggi yakni 3,63 g/g dengan Tc 37°C. Sedangkan, pada uji rasio swelling hidrogel dengan berbagai pH didapatkan bahwa semakin banyak konsentrasi PDMAEMA dalam hidrogel, maka rasio swelling akan semakin besar pada pH 1,2, yaitu hidrogel IPNPNIPAM1/ PDMAEMA2 dengan rasio swelling sebesar 4,26 g/g. Didapatkan bahwa hidrogel IPN-PNIPAM1/PDMAEMA0,5 memiliki potensi untuk menjebak dan menghantarkan bahan aktif farmasi metformin-HCl dengan kemampuan penjebakan sebesar 3,68%, dan pelepasan sebesar 1,23% pada media dapar pH 1,2 dan 11,61% pada dapar pH 7,4 pada temperatur 37°C selama 2 jam. ......In this research, the synthesis of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/poly((2- (dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) hydrogel (PNIPAM/PDMAEMA) was carried out in the form of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) which is responsive to temperature and pH using ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator, and N,N'- methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker. The synthesis was carried out with a sequential- IPN approach by varying the concentrations of PDMAEMA to observe the swellingdeswelling properties of the hydrogel against changes in temperature and pH. The FTIR characterization showed that IPN hydrogel was successfully synthesized as indicated by the loss of the C=C vinyl and Csp2-H peaks that were previously present in the monomer. The addition of PDMAEMA concentration in the hydrogel can increase the gel content and decrease the IPN hydrogel’s gelation percentage. In the temperature-dependent swelling ratio test, the hydrogel IPN-PNIPAM1/PDMAEMA0.5 exhibits the maximum swelling ratio value of 3.63 g/g with Tc 37°C. Whereas the pH-dependent swelling ratio test discovered that the swelling ratio at pH 1.2 will increase when the hydrogel's PDMAEMA concentration rises, it is IPN-PNIPAM1/PDMAEMA2 hydrogel with the highest PDMAEMA concentration has the highest swelling ratio of 4.26 g/g. With an entrapment effectiveness of 3.68%, the IPN-PNIPAM1/PDMAEMA0.5 hydrogel can trap and distribute the active pharmaceutical drug metformin-HCl. The amount of metformin HCl released from the hydrogel in two hours at 37°C was 1.23% and 11.61% in buffers with HCl pH 1.2 and pH 7.4, respectively.

Abstrak :
Paparan logam berat dapat menimbulkan risiko atau dampak buruk bagi kesehatan manusia. Sebagian besar logam berat ini diekskresikan melalui keringat. Pada penelitian ini, disintesis hidrogel poli(2-(dimetilamino)etil metakrilat-ko-N,N-dimetilakrilamida) (P(DMAEMA-ko-DMA)) dengan variasi komposisi monomer melalui reaksi polimerisasi radikal bebas dengan amonium persulfat (APS) sebagai inisiator dan N,N’-metilenbis(akrilamida) (MBA) sebagai agen pengikat silang. Dilakukan karakterisasi FTIR dan uji swelling pada hidrogel hasil sintesis. Diketahui bahwa rasio swelling meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan komposisi monomer DMAEMA pada hidrogel. Hidrogel P(DMAEMA-ko-DMA) menunjukkan responsivitas terhadap pH dan temperatur, ditunjukkan oleh tren penurunan rasio swelling seiring dengan peningkatan pH dan temperatur. Hidrogel kopolimer dengan komposisi DMAEMA terbesar memiliki rasio swelling tertinggi pada rentang pH dan temperatur keringat. Selain itu, hidrogel P(DMAEMA-ko-DMA) dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben ion logam berat Cd(II) dan Pb(II) pada kondisi keringat, baik dalam larutan tunggal maupun multikomponen. Kapasitas adsorpsi ion logam berat Cd(II) > Pb(II), dan kapasitas adsorpsi meningkat seiring dengan penurunan temperatur. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi awal larutan logam berat, semakin banyak ion logam berat yang dapat teradsorpsi. ......Heavy metal exposure may pose risks or adverse effects to human health. Most of these heavy metals are excreted through sweat. In this research, poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-co-N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (P(DMAEMA-co-DMA)) hydrogels with variations in monomer composition were synthesized through a free radical polymerization reaction with ammonium persulfate (APS) as the initiator and N,N’-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as the cross-linking agent. FTIR characterization and swelling ability tests were conducted on the synthesized hydrogels. It was observed that the swelling ratio increased with an increase in the DMAEMA monomer composition in the hydrogel. The P(DMAEMA-co-DMA) hydrogels exhibited responsiveness to pH and temperature, as indicated by a decreasing trend in the swelling ratio with increasing pH and temperature. The copolymer hydrogel with the highest DMAEMA composition showed the highest swelling ratio within the range of sweat pH and temperature. Furthermore, the P(DMAEMA-co-DMA) hydrogel could be utilized as an adsorbent for heavy metal ions Cd(II) and Pb(II) under sweat conditions, both in single and multicomponent solutions. The adsorption capacity for Cd(II) ions was greater than that for Pb(II) ions, in addition, the adsorption capacity increased with a decrease in temperature. The higher the initial concentration of heavy metal solution, the more heavy metal ions can be adsorbed. 

Abstrak :
Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis polimer hidrogel poli(N-isopropilakrilamida-ko-2-dimetilaminoetil metakrilat) (P(NIPAM-ko-DMAEMA)) yang mempunyai sifat responsif temperatur dan pH dengan menggunakan mekanisme polimerasi radikal bebas menggunakan inisiator ammonium persulfat (APS) dan agen pengikat silang N,N’-metilenbisakrilamida (MBA). Hidrogel P(NIPAM-ko-DMAEMA) dilakukan karakterisasi menggunakan fourier transform infrared (FTIR) dan didapatkan hilangnya puncak pada Csp2 pada gugus vinil monomer yang menandakan proses polimerisasi berhasil. Pada uji persen gel didapatkan bahwa semakin tinggi komposisi DMAEMA, persen gel akan semakin kecil berbanding terbalik dengan hal tersebut rasio swelling hidrogel akan semakin besar.  Pada uji swelling di berbagai temperatur didapatkan bahwa semakin tinggi temperatur, rasio swelling akan semakin kecil. Pada uji swelling di berbagai pH didapatkan bahwa semakin tinggi pH, rasio swelling akan semakin kecil. Hasil uji swelling di berbagai temperatur dan pH menunjukkan bahwa rasio swelling terbesar dimiliki oleh hidrogel P(NIPAM-ko-DMAEMA) dengan komposisi monomer NIPAM 30 mol% dan monomer DMAEMA 70 mol% serta komposisi agen pengikat silang MBA 2 mol%. Didapatkan bahwa hidrogel P(NIPAM30-ko-DMAEMA70) memiliki potensi sebagai penghantar bahan aktif dengan besar persen enkapsulasi metformin-HCl sebesar 65,304% w/w dan pelepasan sebesar 26,83% dalam buffer pH 6,8 pada temperatur 37. ......In this research, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co­-2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (P(NIPAM-co-DMAEMA)) hydrogels with temperature- and pH- responsive properties were synthesized by the mechanism of free-radical polymerization, using ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator and N,N’-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinking agent. The P(NIPAM-co­-DMAEMA) hydrogels were characterized by using the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and resulting in the non appearence of Csp2 peak of the monomer vinyl structure that indicates the polymerization process success. The gel percentage tests concluded that the higher the DMAEMA composition, the gel percentage will be lower, in contrast with that, the swelling ration of the hydrogel will be higher. The swelling test on several scales of temperature identified that the higher the temperature is, the lower the swelling ratio will be. Correspondingly, the swelling test with various pHs exhibit that the higher the pH is, the lower the swelling ratio will be. It was discovered that the swelling tests on various temperatures and pHs result in the highest swelling ratio on P(NIPAM-co-DMAEMA) hydrogel with the composition of 30 mol% of NIPAM monomer, 70 mol% of DMAEMA, and 2 mol% of crosslinking agent. The P(NIPAM30-co-DMAEMA70) hydrogel is potential as a carrier to encapsulate 65.304% w/w metformin HCl with 26.83% release in buffer pH 6.8 at 37°C.