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"[ABSTRAKGejala utama kanker paru adalah sesak yang dapat menyebabkan depresi, cemas,keterbatasan aktivitas mandiri serta menurunkan kualitas hidup. Tujuan daripenelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh stimulasi aliran udara darihand-held fan sebagai intervensi paliatif nonfarmakologis terhadap sesak padapasien kanker paru. Penelitian ini menggunakan randomized controlled crossoveropen trial design dan melibatkan 21 subjek. Kontrol yang digunakan sebagaipembanding adalah teknik pernafasan diafragma. Hasil uji Wilcoxonmenunjukkan bahwa stimulasi aliran udara dari hand-held fan mempengaruhiskala sesak (p= 0,003) dan frekuensi pernapasan (p= 0,008) secara signifikan.Intervensi tersebut dapat dilakukan pada pasien kanker paru sesak nonhipoksemia.

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ABSTRACTThe main symptom of lung cancer is dyspnea which can lead to depression,anxiety, limited independent activities and decreased quality of life. The purposeof this study was to identify the effect of airflow stimulation from hand-held fan asnon-pharmacological palliative intervention on dyspnea in patients with lungcancer. This study used open randomized controlled crossover trial designinvolved 21 subject. Diaphragmatic breathing technique was used in control arm.Wilcoxon test result showed that airflow stimulation significantly influenceddyspnea scale (p= 0.003) and respiratory rate (p=0.008). This intervention canbe applied on nonhypoxemic dyspneic lung cancer patients, The main symptom of lung cancer is dyspnea which can lead to depression,anxiety, limited independent activities and decreased quality of life. The purposeof this study was to identify the effect of airflow stimulation from hand-held fan asnon-pharmacological palliative intervention on dyspnea in patients with lungcancer. This study used open randomized controlled crossover trial designinvolved 21 subject. Diaphragmatic breathing technique was used in control arm.Wilcoxon test result showed that airflow stimulation significantly influenceddyspnea scale (p= 0.003) and respiratory rate (p=0.008). This intervention canbe applied on nonhypoxemic dyspneic lung cancer patients]"

"Perkawinan campuran dapat menimbulkan permasalahan hukum dikemudian hari, antara lain apabila Warga Negara Indonesia yang menikah dengan warga negara asing tidak memenuhi ketentuan-ketentuan yang berlaku dalam Undangundang Perkawinan dan Undang-undang Kewarganegaraan yang berlaku. Perkawinan campuran yang dilangsungkan di luar wilayah Republik Indonesia adalah sah bilamana dilakukan menurut hukum yang berlaku di negara tempat perkawinan dilangsungkan dan bagi Warga Negara Indonesia tidak melanggar ketentuan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, kemudian agar dapat memiliki akibat hukum bukti perkawinan tersebut harus didaftarkan dalam waktu 1 (satu) tahun setelah pasangan suami istri kembali ke wilayah Indonesia.Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2006 tentang Kewarganegaraan Republik Indonesia menyatakan bahwa Warga Negara Indonesia yang menikah dengan warga negara asing dapat kehilangan kewarganegaraan Republik Indonesia jika menurut hukum negara asal istri atau suaminya mengikuti kewarganegaraan istri atau suaminya tersebut sepanjang tidak menyebabkan kewarganegaraan ganda, jika ingin tetap menjadi Warga Negara Indonesia dapat mengajukan surat pernyataan mengenai keinginannya kepada Pejabat atau Perwakilan Republik Indonesia setelah 3 (tiga) tahun sejak tinggal perkawinannya. Warga Negara Indonesia yang menikah dengan warga negara asing kemudian bertempat tinggal diluar wilayah Republik Indonesia selama 5 (lima) tahun berturutturut juga dapat kehilangan kewarganegaraannya jika dengan sengaja tidak menyatakan keinginannya untuk tetap menjadi Warga Negara Indonesia kepada Perwakilan Republik Indonesia sebelum 5 (lima) tahun itu berakhir, dan setiap 5 (lima) tahun berikutnya.Penelitian menggunakan metode preskriptif dan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang dipergunakan adalah data sekunder yaitu data yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian bahan-bahan kepustakaan, kemudian data tersebut diseleksi, dikelompokkan dan disusun secara sisimatis untuk selanjutnya dianalisis. Warga Negara Indonesia yang menikah dengan warga negara asing dan atau bertempat tinggal di luar wilayah Republik Indonesia dapat kehilangan kewarganegaraannya jika tidak menyampaikan surat pernyataan keinginan untuk tetap menjadi Warga Negara Indonesia.

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A mixed marriage could bring about a problem in the future due to some reasons, one of which is in case it is not conducted in accordance with the applicable Law concerning the Marriage and the Law of Citizenship. A mixed marriage held outside the territory of Republic of Indonesia is considered as valid if it is conducted in accordance with the applicable law of the country in which the marriage is held, and particularly for the Indonesian citizen, as long as he/she doesn't break the Indonesian Law No.l Year 1974 concerning marriage. Furthermore, in order to make the marriage possessing a legal impact, the marriage should be registered within at most I (one) year after the couple arrived in the territory of Republic of Indonesia.

The Law No.12 Year 2006 concerning Citizenship states that an Indonesian citizen who is married to a foreign citizen could Ioose his/her Indonesian citizenship if the law of the couple's origin country determines that the Indonesian couple should be imposed with the nationality of the other couple, as long as it doesn't bring a risk to have a double nationality. On the other hand, if the couple origins from Indonesia would like to keep his/her Indonesian citizenship, then he/she could express this wish to the concerned official or the Representative of Republic of Indonesia after 3 (three) years of the marriage. An Indonesian citizen who is married to a foreigner and domiciles beyond the territory of the Republic of Indonesia for 5 (five) years in sequence also faced to a risk of loosing his/her Indonesian citizenship if deliberately doesn't show any intention to state his/her wish to remain as an Indonesian citizen before the 5 (five) years pass, and in every next 5 (five) years.

This research uses the prescriptive method and qualitative approach. The data utilized is the secondary one, that is, the data gained from the library study, which were then selected, grouped and arranged systematically to be then analyzed. An Indonesian citizen who is married to a foreigner and/or domiciles beyond the territory of Republic of Indonesia could loose his/her Indonesian nationality if he/she doesn't submit a wish statement keep his/her citizenship as an Indonesian."

"[Tujuan: menguji validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen Health Literacy in Dentistry Scale versi Bahasa Indonesia pada kelompok usia 12-14 tahun di DKI Jakarta. Metode: Kuesioner HeLD diterjemahkan melalui forward-backward translation. Desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional. Konsistensi internal dan eksternal, validitas konvergen dan diskriminan dari HeLD dievaluasi. Hasil: sebanyak 462 siswa menyelesaikan self-administered questionnaire. Rerata skor HeLD yaitu 3,45±0,02. Nilai Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) adalah 0,75 dan Cronbach?s alpha=0,77. Validitas konvergen dan diskriminan memiliki hubungan signifikan pada kunjungan terakhir ke dokter gigi (p<0,01). Kesimpulan: instrumen HeLD versi Bahasa Indonesia terbukti valid dan reliabel untuk mengukur oral health literacy anak usia 12-14 tahun;Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze validity and reliability of an Indonesian version of the Health Literacy in Dentistry scale (HeLD) instrument among 12-14 years old in Jakarta. Methods: HeLD questionnaire was forward-backward translated into Indonesian. This study design is cross sectional. The internal and external consistency, convergent and discriminant validity of HeLD were evaluated. Results: 462 students completed the self-administered questionnaire. The mean total HeLD score was 3.45±0.02. The Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) were 0.75 and Cronbach?s alpha=0.77. The convergent and discriminant validity were confirmed by HeLD scores being significantly associated with last dental visit (p<0.001). Conclusions: The Indonesian version of HeLD suggested that is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring oral health literacy in children ages 12-14 years old.;Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze validity and reliability of an Indonesian version of the Health Literacy in Dentistry scale (HeLD) instrument among 12-14 years old in Jakarta. Methods: HeLD questionnaire was forward-backward translated into Indonesian. This study design is cross sectional. The internal and external consistency, convergent and discriminant validity of HeLD were evaluated. Results: 462 students completed the self-administered questionnaire. The mean total HeLD score was 3.45±0.02. The Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) were 0.75 and Cronbach?s alpha=0.77. The convergent and discriminant validity were confirmed by HeLD scores being significantly associated with last dental visit (p<0.001). Conclusions: The Indonesian version of HeLD suggested that is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring oral health literacy in children ages 12-14 years old.;Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze validity and reliability of an Indonesian version of the Health Literacy in Dentistry scale (HeLD) instrument among 12-14 years old in Jakarta. Methods: HeLD questionnaire was forward-backward translated into Indonesian. This study design is cross sectional. The internal and external consistency, convergent and discriminant validity of HeLD were evaluated. Results: 462 students completed the self-administered questionnaire. The mean total HeLD score was 3.45±0.02. The Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) were 0.75 and Cronbach’s alpha=0.77. The convergent and discriminant validity were confirmed by HeLD scores being significantly associated with last dental visit (p<0.001). Conclusions: The Indonesian version of HeLD suggested that is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring oral health literacy in children ages 12-14 years old., Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze validity and reliability of an Indonesian version of the Health Literacy in Dentistry scale (HeLD) instrument among 12-14 years old in Jakarta. Methods: HeLD questionnaire was forward-backward translated into Indonesian. This study design is cross sectional. The internal and external consistency, convergent and discriminant validity of HeLD were evaluated. Results: 462 students completed the self-administered questionnaire. The mean total HeLD score was 3.45±0.02. The Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) were 0.75 and Cronbach’s alpha=0.77. The convergent and discriminant validity were confirmed by HeLD scores being significantly associated with last dental visit (p<0.001). Conclusions: The Indonesian version of HeLD suggested that is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring oral health literacy in children ages 12-14 years old.]"

""ABSTRAK"Tujuan: Didapatkannya informasi mengenai hubungan oral health literacy ibu dengan utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak. Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional menggunakan kuesioner HeLD dan kuesioner utilisasi pelayana kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak. Hasil: Nilai reliabilitas internal kuesioner HeLD adalah sebesar 0.90 Croncbach rsquo;s alpha . Terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara statistik antara utilisasi pada kelompok dengan oral health literacy rendah dengan kelompok dengan oral health literacy tinggi

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ABSTRACTGoal The goal of this thesis is to get information about the relationship of mother rsquo s oral health literacy with the utilization of children rsquo s teeth and mouth treatment. Methods This Thesis uses cross sectional method that is utilized with HeLD Questionnaire and another questionnaire regarding the utilization of children rsquo s teeth and mouth health treatment. Result Internal reliability of the HeLD questionnaire reaches 0.90 Cronbach rsquo s alpha . There is significant difference between utilization of the group with low oral health literacy and the group with high oral health literacy p"

"Pada tahun 2020, 6 dari 10 ekonomi yang paling terhubung berada di Asia Singapura; Republik Korea; Malaysia; Hong Kong, Cina; dan Jepang. Sektor pengangkutan laut memiliki peran penting untuk memajukan dan memperlancar perdagangan serta memperlancar perpindahan barang dari satu tempat ke tempat yang lain. Biaya transportasi dianggap sebagai biaya paling tinggi dari total biaya logistik dengan bahan bakar sendiri menyerap lebih dari 60 persen dari biaya operasi. Memilih rute yang optimal untuk meminimalkan biaya bahan bakar merupakan solusi yang efektif bagi perusahaan pelayaran saat mengoperasikan kapal liner. Data jarak mil laut antar pelabuhan, kecepatan kapal, daya mesin, dan harga bahan bakar pada tiap pelabuhan diolah menjadi sebuah model Asymmetric Travelling Salesman Problem (ATSP). Penerapan 2 algoritma, yaitu: Brute-Force Method dan Algoritma Held-Karp digunakan untuk menyelesaikan model ATSP yang dibuat dengan fungsi objektif biaya bahan bakar yang seminimum mungkin. Diberikan variasi pada titik awal/akhir rute sebagai parameter uji tambahan dari setiap algoritma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Algoritma Held-Karp memberikan hasil rute dengan biaya bahan bakar yang sama dengan Brute-Force Method namun proses komputasi berjalan lebih cepat. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa algoritma Held-Karp lebih efektif dalam hal waktu untuk menentukan rute kapal dengan biaya bahan bakar yang paling rendah.

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In 2020, 6 of the 10 most connected economies w in Asia Singapore; Republic of Korea; Malaysia; Hong Kong, China; and Japan. The sea transport sector has an important role to promote and facilitate trade and facilitate the movement of goods from one place to another. Transportation costs are considered the highest cost of the total logistics costs with fuel alone absorbing more than 60 percent of operating costs. Choosing the optimal route to minimize fuel costs is an effective solution for shipping companies when operating liner vessels. Data on nautical miles between ports, ship speed, engine power, and fuel prices at each port are processed into an Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Problem (ATSP) model. The application of 2 algorithms, namely: Brute-Force Method and Held-Karp Algorithm is used to solve the ATSP model which is made with the objective function of the minimum fuel cost. Variations in the start/end point of the route are given as additional test parameters of each algorithm. The results show that the Held-Karp Algorithm gives route results with the same fuel cost as the Brute-Force Method but the computational process runs faster. This proves that the Held-Karp algorithm is more effective in terms of time to determine ship routes with the lowest fuel costs."

"LATAR BELAKANG: Sendi lutut adalah sendi yang paling sering terkena OA. Stabilitas dinamik sendi lutut dipengaruhi oleh otot-otot kuadrisep dan hamstring. Untuk mengoptimalkan gaya yang dihasilkan oleh otot, program latihan peregangan harus terintegrasi dalam program latihan penguatan pada OA. Namun, belum ada penelitian yang membandingkan efek berbagai teknik peregangan terhadap hasil latihan isotonik pada pasien OA lutut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan efek teknik peregangan statik dibandingkan Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation PNF terhadap outcome visual analog scale VAS, lingkup gerak sendi LGS, kekuatan otot, dan kemampuan berjalan latihan penguatan isotonik otot kuadrisep dan hamstring pada pasien OA lutut. METODE: Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental. Populasi terjangkau adalah wanita penderita OA lutut berusia 50 ndash; 70 tahun yang berobat ke Poliklinik Rehabilitasi Medik RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara consecutive sampling dan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok secara randomisasi. Pada kelompok pertama, subjek diberi infra red radiation IRR, latihan peregangan statik, dan latihan isotonik otot kuadrisep dan hamstring. Pada kelompok kedua, subjek diberi IRR, latihan peregangan PNF, dan latihan isotonik otot kuadrisep dan hamstring. Intervensi dilakukan selama 6 minggu. Penilaian nyeri menggunakan skor VAS, LGS menggunakan goniometer, kekuatan otot menggunakan hand held dynamometer, dan kemampuan berjalan menggunakan uji jalan 15 meter. HASIL: Sebanyak 30 responden mengikuti program latihan sampai selesai, kelompok pertama dan kedua masing-masing 15 orang. Setelah 6 minggu, didapatkan perbaikan skor VAS, LGS, kekuatan otot kuadrisep dan hamstring serta uji jalan 15 meter dengan perbaikan bermakna didapatkan pada kekuatan otot hamstring pada kedua kelompok. Delta skor VAS dan uji jalan 15 meter lebih tinggi pada kelompok peregangan statik dibandingkan PNF tetapi tidak berbeda bermakna. Delta kekuatan otot kuadrisep didapatkan lebih tinggi pada kelompok peregangan statik dibandingkan PNF dan berbeda bermakna p=0.033 . Delta LGS dan kekuatan hamstring lebih tinggi pada kelompok peregangan PNF dibandingkan statik tetapi tidak berbeda bermakna. KESIMPULAN: Pemberian latihan peregangan statik maupun PNF tidak memberikan efek yang berbeda bermakna secara keseluruhan terhadap outcome latihan penguatan isotonik otot kuadrisep dan hamstring pada pasien OA lutut.

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BACKGROUND. Knee joints are the joints most commonly affected by OA. The dynamic stability of the knee joint is affected by the quadriceps and hamstring muscles. Stretching exercise programs should be integrated into strengthening exercise programs in OA to optimize the force that generated by the muscle. However, there have been no studies comparing the effects of various stretching techniques on the outcome of isotonic exercise in knee OA patients. The aim of this study was to find out whether there is a difference between the effect of static stretching compared to the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation PNF to the outcomes visual analog scale VAS, range of motion ROM, muscle strength, and walking ability of quadriceps and hamstring muscle isotonic strengthening exercises in knee OA patients.

METHODS. The design of this study was quasi experimental. The study population is women suffering from knee OA aged 50-70 years who went to the Medical Rehabilitation Clinic RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta that meet the criteria of the study. Sampling was done using consecutive sampling and divided into two groups by randomization. In the first group, subjects were given infra red radiation IRR, static stretching exercises, and isotonic exercises of quadriceps and hamstring muscles. In the second group, subjects were given IRR, PNF stretching exercises, and isotonic exercises of quadriceps and hamstring muscles. Intervention is done for 6 weeks. Pain assessment using VAS scores, ROM measurement using a goniometer, muscle strength measurement using a hand-held dynamometer, and walking ability measurement using a 50-feet walking test.

RESULTS. Thirty respondents were completed the exercise program, the first and second group consists of 15 people, respectively. After 6 weeks, the improvement of VAS, ROM, quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength and 50 feet walking test with significant improvement was obtained only hamstring muscle strength in both groups. Delta VAS scores and 50 feet walking test were higher in the static stretching group than PNF but not significantly different. Delta quadriceps muscle strength was significantly high er in the static stretch group than in PNF p = 0.033 . Delta ROM and hamstring muscle strength were higher in the PNF stretching group than in static but not significantly different.

CONCLUSIONS. There is no significant difference between the effect of static stretching techniques and the PNF on the outcomes visual analog scale VAS, range of motion ROM, muscle strength, and walking ability of quadriceps and hamstring muscle isotonic strengthening exercises in knee OA patients. "