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"Latar belakang :Pekerja sektor informal pinggir jalan adalah salah satu golongan pekerja yang kurang mendapatkan perhatian. Perkembangannya di Jakarta semakin pesat seiring berjalannya waktu. Hasil studi sebelumnya menunjukkan terdapat 46,7 pekerja sektor informal tepi jalan pengecat mobil mengalami gangguan fungsi paru, namun hingga saat ini belum ada penelitian mengenai penyakit infeksi pada pekerja informal pinggir jalan. Prevalensi TB pada masyarakat dewasa di DKI Jakarta adalah 0,6 , lebih tinggi dari prevalensi TB pada masyarakat Indonesia pada umumnya dan tertinggi kedua setelah Provinsi Jawa Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi penyakit tuberkulosis paru pada pekerja informal pinggir jalan dan hubungannya dengan pajanan logam berat di wilayah DKI Jakarta. Metode :Desain yang digunakan adalah cross sectional, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 96 responden. Digunakan data sekunder dari penelitian lain, berupa hasil pengukuran logam Cd, Cr dan Pb dalam darah. Variabel bebas lainnya adalah karakteristik pekerja dan karakteristik pekerjaan. TB ditentukan dengan data hasil pemeriksaan Rontgen Thoraks dan atau Pemeriksaan BTA serta riwayat penyakit Tuberkulosis dalam masa kerja. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS versi 20. Hasil : Prevalensi TB paru pada pekerja informal pinggir jalan adalah 18,75 . Ditemukan satu variabel yang berhubungan secara signifikan dengan TB paru, yaitu status gizi kurang OR = 73,00; 95 CI = 15,72-338,96 . Kesimpulan dan saran : Dengan demikian, maka disarankan kepada pihak terkait diantaranya Dinas Kesehatan dan Dinas Tenaga Kerja untuk melakukan upaya promotif dan preventif agar kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja para pekerja sektor informal terutama pinggir jalan dapat lebih baik. Serta pemantauan pengoabatan TB terutama pada pekerja agar dapat dilaksanakan dengan tuntas.

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Background We see that informal workers is one of group worker that has lack of concern by government of example, whereas the amount of them grow so fast by time. A study at different place showed that 46,7 of roadside car painting workers experienced lungfunction disorder. But there is no study that analyze disease caused by infection among the roadside informal workers, for example tuberkulosis. Prevalence of TB among adult in DKI Jakarta province is 0,6 , higher than TB prevalence in Indonesia, and Jakarta has the second highest prevalence after West Java Province. The aim of the study is to know the prevalence of TB among the roadside informal workers, anad the association between heavy metal exposure with the incidence of tuberkulosis on roadside informal workers in Jakarta. Method The design of this study is cross sectional design. There were 96 of respondens were studied. This study was use secondary data from other study, that is heavy metals Pb, Cd, and Cr levels in their blood. The independent variables in this research are job and worker characteristics. And this study analysis use SPSS 20 version. Result Prevalence that have tuberkulosis of the roadside informal workers is 18,75 . One variable had significant association with tuberkulosis, it is nutritional status of the roadside informal workers OR 72,000 95 CI 15,722 338,957. Summary Therefore suggested to District Health Office and to increase the promotif and preventive effort for better health and safety status of roadside informal workers. "

"Fatmawati U, Suranto, Sajidan. 2009. Protein expression on Cr resistant microorganism using electrophoresis method. Nusantara Bioscience 1: 31-37. Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is known as toxic heavy metals, so the need is reduced to Cr(III) is much less toxicity. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pantoea sp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are resistant Cr(VI) microorganism and have ability to reduce Cr(VI). The aim of this research is to know ability of microorganism to reduce Cr(VI) and to know protein band pattern between Cr(VI) resistant microorganism and non resistant microorganism which inoculated on LB broth. SDS-PAGE was used to indentify protein expression. While, Cr(VI) concentration was identified by 1.5 diphenylcarbazide method. The quantitative data was analyzed by two factorial ANOVA that continued with DMRT at 1% level test. The qualitative data i.e. protein expression analyzed by relative mobility (Rf). The results showed that the ability of microorganisms to reduce Cr(VI) at initial concentration of 0.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 5 ppm and 10 ppm may vary, the average percentage of the ability of each microorganism in reducing Cr(VI) is P. putida (65%) > S. cerevisiae (64.45%) >. P. aeruginosa (60.73%) > Pantoea sp. (50.22%) > K. pneumoniae (47.82%) > without microorganisms (34.25%). The adding microorganisms have significantly influenced toward reduction of Cr(VI). The SDS-PAGE shows that protein expression between resistant and not resistant microorganisms are no different, but resistant microorganisms have more protein (protein band is thicker)."

"Sites co-contaminated with organic and metal pollutionts are common and considered to be a more complex problem as the two components often causes a synergistic effect on cytotoxicity...."

"Saguling reservoir has recently been facing to several serious problems such as water qualitydegradation due to organic matter contamination, heavy metal, pesticides and other micropollutant materials.... "

"The Jakarta bay and and lada bay have been known as a polluted environment. The dominant polluted is heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Cr ang hg...."

"ABSTRACTSerapan logam berat tiga jenis sayuran air yaitu Genjer(Limnocharis flava), Kangkung air (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) dan Selada air (Nasturtium officinale R. Br) diteliti pengaruhnya terhadap kandungan gizinya. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi logam berat yang berpotensi terakumulasi pada organ sayuran air, dan pengaruhnya terhadap kandungan vitamin A, dan vitamin C. Penelitian Dilakukan pada lingkungan bersih dan tercemar. Data dianalisis dengan One-Way Anova dan uji lanjut LSD untuk mengetahui perbedaan serapan logam, dan vitamin; serta regresi untuk mengetahui kontribusi cadmium dalam mempengaruhi gizi sayuran. Akumulasi pada ketiga jenis sayuran dominan pada akar dan terendah pada daun. Genjer paling tinggi mengakumulasi semua macam logam, selanjutnya kangkung air dan terendah selada air. Cadmium memberi kontribusi pada penurunan vitamin A dan C.

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AbstractThe absorption of cadmium heavy metal in 3 (three) kinds of aquatic vegetables; water lettuce (Limnocharis flava), water convolvulus (Ipomoea aquatic Forsk.) and watercress ( Nasturtium officinale R. Br) was studied to determine the influence of the contents of vitamins A and C. The purpose of this research was to identify the accumulation of cadmium in the organs of the aquatic vegetables, and their influence to the contents of vitamins A and C. This research was conducted by employing the factorial experimental design of randomized block design (RBD) with 3 (three) factors. The data was analyzed by regression to detect the correlation and contribution of cadmium influence on the aquatic vegetables. The accumulation of cadmium in the 3 (three) aquatic vegetables was mainly occured in the stems and leaves. Water lettuce has the highest accumulation of cadmium, followed by water convolvulus and watercress has the least. Cadmium is responsible for the declining levels of vitamins A and C. "

"Pencemaran logam berat ini paling banyak berasal dari limbah air. Oleh karena itu, salah satu cara meminimalisir pencemaran logam berat yaitu adsorpsi dengan menggunakan adsorbent. Terak feronikel memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan adsorbent logam berat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efisiensi residu dari terak feronikel untuk menjadi adsorbent logam berat. Proses hidrotermal dan pelindian dilakukan dengan variasi temperature 140, 160, 180, 200 dan 220^oC serta variasi waktu 30 menit, 1 jam, 2 jam, 4 jam dan 7 jam serta proses kalsinasi dilakukan dengan variasi temperatur 600, 650, 700 dan 750^oC dengan waktu ½, 1, 2, 4 dan 7 jam. Hasil dari karakterisasi ICP-OES yaitu temperature optimal diketahui pada temperature 220^oC dan untuk variasi waktu pada waktu 2 jam dikarenakan memiliki efisiensi adsorpsi paling tinggi untuk mengikat logam berat. Hasil dari karakterisasi ICP-OES dan SEM bahwa temperature optimal untuk tingkat efisiensi adsorpsi paling tinggi yaitu pada temperature 700^oC dikarenakan nilai hasil efisiensi adsorpsi yang paling tinggi dan hasil SEM yang memiliki luas permukaan paling luas serta berpori-pori kecil dan banyak.

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Most of this heavy metal pollution comes from waste water. Therefore, one way to eliminate heavy metal pollution is adsorption using an adsorbent. Ferronickel slag has the potential to be used as heavy metal adsorbent. The purpose of this study was to determine the residual efficiency of ferronickel slag to become heavy metal adsorbent. The hydrothermal and leaching processes were carried out with temperature variations of 140, 160, 180, 200 and 220^oC as well as time variations of  30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours and 7 hours and the calcination process was carried out with temperature variations of 600, 650, 700 and 750^oC with time ½, 1, 2, 4 and 7 hours. The result of ICP-OES characterization is that the optimal temperature is known at 220^oC and for time variations at 2 hours because it has the highest adsorption efficiency to bind heavy metals. The results of the characterization of ICP-OES and SEM that the optimal temperature for the highest level of adsorption efficiency is at a temperature of 700^oC because the value of the highest adsorption efficiency and SEM results has the largest surface area and has many small pores."

"Berdasarkan data ESDM produksi olahan nikel Indonesia mencapai 2,47 ton pada 2021 yang naik 2,17% dari tahun sebelumnya. Tren produksi olahan nikel ini terus mengalami pertumbuhan setiap tahunnya. Akan tetapi dengan naiknya produksi nikel menyebabkan permasalahan yang tidak dapat diselesaikan oleh pelaku industri smelter di Indonesia. Terhitung pada tahun 2019 Industri nikel menghasilkan 19 juta ton terak yang diperkirakan akan terus bertambah. Penelitian ini menjelaskan proses ekstraksi silika dari terak feronikel secara sederhana dan ekonomis sehingga menghasilkan karakteristik produk yang baik untuk diguakan sebagai absorbent untuk penyerapan logam berat. Metode ekstraksi yang diguankan yaitu hidrotermal dengan penambahan aditif berupa NaOH, pelindian menggunakan air (aquaades), pengendapan menggunakan proses titrasi dengan HCL sebagai agen titrasi, pencucian menggunakan air (aquades), dan kalsinasi untuk menghilangkan klorin. Dalam Penelitian ini, produk silika yang didapatkan memiliki nilai recovery 91% dan tingkat efisiensi 98% sebagai absorbent untuk logam berat.

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Based on ESDM data, Indonesia's nickel processed production will reach 2.47 tons in 2021, an increase of 2.17% from the previous year. This trend of nickel-processed production continues to grow every year. However, the increase in nickel production causes problems that cannot be solved by the smelter industry players in Indonesia. As of 2019 the nickel industry produced 19 million tons of slag which is expected to continue to grow. This study describes the process of extracting silica from ferronickel slag in a simple and economical way so as to produce good product characteristics to be used as an absorbent for heavy metal absorption. The extraction method used is hydrothermal with the addition of additives in the form of NaOH, leaching using water (aquades), precipitation using a titration process with HCL as a titration agent, washing using water (aquades), and calcination to remove chlorine. In this study, the silica product obtained had a recovery value of 91% and an efficiency rate of 98% as an absorbent for heavy metals."

"Pengamatan terhadap kandungan logam berat dalam sedimen telah dilakukan di perairan Teluk Jakarta pada bulan Juni dan September 2003. Kadar logam berat dalam sedimen di bagian Barat Teluk Jakarta berkisar antara Pb = 8,49-31,22 ppm, Cd = <0,001-0,47 ppm, Cu = 13,81-193,75 ppm, Zn = 82,18-533,59 ppm dan Ni = 0,99-35,38 ppm, sedangkan bagian Tengah Teluk Jakarta, kadar Pb berkisar antara 2,21-69,22 ppm, Cd = <0,001-0,28 ppm, Cu = 3,36-50,65 ppm, Zn = 71,13-230,54 ppm dan Ni = 0,42-15,58 ppm dan bagian Timur Teluk Jakarta, kadar Pb berkisar antara 0,25-77,42 ppm, Cd = <0,001-0,42 ppm, Cu = 0,79-44,94 ppm, Zn = 93,21-289,00 ppm dan Ni = 0,42-128,47 ppm. Kadar logam berat dalam sedimen di bagian Barat Teluk Jakarta lebih tinggi dibandingkan di bagian Tengah dan Timur Teluk Jakarta. Sedimen di bagian Barat Teluk Jakarta mempunyai tekstur berupa lumpur yang berwarna hitam, hal ini terbukti bahwa sedimen yang mempunyai tekstur berupa lumpur mengandung logam berat yang cukup tinggi.

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Observation on Heavy Metals in Sediment of Jakarta Bay Waters. Observation on heavy metals in Jakarta Bay, from June and September 2003. Heavy metals Pb in sediment at the West have been conductet of Jakarta Bay Waters varied between Pb = 8,49-31,22 ppm, Cd = <0,001-0,47 ppm, Cu = 13,81-193,75 ppm, Zn = 82,18-533,59 ppm and Ni = 0,99-35,38 ppm,while those at the Center of Jakarta Bay, varied between Pb = 2,21-69,22 ppm, Cd = <0,001-0,28 ppm, Cu = 3,36-50,65 ppm, Zn = 71,13-230,54 ppm and Ni = 0,42-15,58 ppm and at the East of Jakarta Bay, Pb content varied between 0,25-77,42 ppm, Cd = <0,001-0,42 ppm, Cu = 0,79-44,94 ppm, Zn = 93,21-289,00 ppm and Ni = 0,42-128,47 ppm. Hevy metals content in sediment the West of Jakarta Bay was high of equivalent the Center and East of Jakarta Bay. At than those composition sediment at the west was black, that indicated high heavy metals content."